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Short-term toxicity to fish

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Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1980
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Accepted calculation method; study conducted prior to guideline publication
Qualifier:
no guideline available
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The static water acute toxicity tests followed the methods described in the EPA publication, "Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians" (COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS, 1975).
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Purity of the test item: >= 97.0%. Together with the test item, other EDTA complexes were used in the study such as Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CAS 64-02-8).
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
test solutions were prepared in water just before the start of the test
Test organisms (species):
Lepomis macrochirus
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Bluegill
- Source: Hebron, Ohio
- Length at study initiation ( mean): 34 mm
- Weight at study initiation (mean): 0.74 g

The fish were kept in a 16 -h light/8-h dark cycle. Feed was stopped three days prior to the bioassay to empty the digestive tract. Fish were placed into the aquaria 24 h before adding the test material.
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Hardness:
Hardness levels in the test vessels were not reported. The source water was reported to have a hardness of 103 mg/L (as CaCO3)
Test temperature:
22 +/- 1 °C in test vessels
pH:
7.4 - 7.5 reported in select test vessels; 7.6 in the source water
Dissolved oxygen:
Dissolved oxygen in the test vessels was not reported. Dissoloved oxygen in the source water was reported as 8.2 mg/L at start of the test and 4.2 mg/L at the end
Salinity:
not applicable
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal concentrations not specified in the report.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 10 L round glass
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- Biomass loading rate: 0.64 g/L
Source/preparation of dilution water: declorinated Lake Huron water
- Alkalinity: 85 mg/L
- Specific Conductance: 1770 micro mhos
- Resistivity: 570 ohms/cm

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Death of fish every 24 hours
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: partial kill
Effect conc.:
2 400 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
4 200 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
2 340 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 95% Confidence Interval = 1610-3200
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not applicable
Conclusions:
The 96 h LC50 for Sodium calcium edetate was 2340 mg/L for bluegill sunfish.
Executive summary:

Bluegill sunfish were exposed to the test item under static conditions at 22 °C for 96 h and the NOEC, LC50, partial kill and 100% kill were determined. LC50 was 2340 mg/L, indicating relatively low toxicity for the fish. Not all the test conditions data were reported (no dissolved oxygen levels reported for example) and the nominal concentrations that were included in the study design were not listed in the report.

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1980
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Accepted calculation method; study conducted prior to guideline publication
Justification for type of information:
The substance Sodium calcium edetate (CAS 62-33-9) is structurally similar to the substance trans-cyclohexane-1,2-dinitrilotetraacetic acid (CAS 13291-61-7), therefore used for the read-across.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Qualifier:
no guideline available
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The static water acute toxicity tests followed the methods described in the EPA publication, "Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians" (COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS, 1975).
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Purity of the test item: >= 97.0%. Together with the test item, other EDTA complexes were used in the study such as Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CAS 64-02-8).
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
test solutions were prepared in water just before the start of the test
Test organisms (species):
Lepomis macrochirus
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Bluegill
- Source: Hebron, Ohio
- Length at study initiation ( mean): 34 mm
- Weight at study initiation (mean): 0.74 g

The fish were kept in a 16 -h light/8-h dark cycle. Feed was stopped three days prior to the bioassay to empty the digestive tract. Fish were placed into the aquaria 24 h before adding the test material.
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Hardness:
Hardness levels in the test vessels were not reported. The source water was reported to have a hardness of 103 mg/L (as CaCO3)
Test temperature:
22 +/- 1 °C in test vessels
pH:
7.4 - 7.5 reported in select test vessels; 7.6 in the source water
Dissolved oxygen:
Dissolved oxygen in the test vessels was not reported. Dissoloved oxygen in the source water was reported as 8.2 mg/L at start of the test and 4.2 mg/L at the end
Salinity:
not applicable
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal concentrations not specified in the report.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 10 L round glass
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- Biomass loading rate: 0.64 g/L
Source/preparation of dilution water: declorinated Lake Huron water
- Alkalinity: 85 mg/L
- Specific Conductance: 1770 micro mhos
- Resistivity: 570 ohms/cm

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Death of fish every 24 hours
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: partial kill
Effect conc.:
2 400 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
4 200 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
2 340 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 95% Confidence Interval = 1610-3200
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not applicable
Conclusions:
The 96 h LC50 for Sodium calcium edetate was 2340 mg/L for bluegill sunfish.
Executive summary:

Bluegill sunfish were exposed to the test item under static conditions at 22 °C for 96 h and the NOEC, LC50, partial kill and 100% kill were determined. LC50 was 2340 mg/L, indicating relatively low toxicity for the fish. Not all the test conditions data were reported (no dissolved oxygen levels reported for example) and the nominal concentrations that were included in the study design were not listed in the report.

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The static water acute toxicity tests followed the methods described in the EPA publication, "Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians" (COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS, 1975).
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Details on sampling:
no data available
Vehicle:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
Lepomis macrochirus
Details on test organisms:
The test fish were obtained from the National Fish Hatchery at Hebron, Ohio, USA.
The fish had an average weight of 0.74 g (range 0.62-1.28 g) and an average total length of 34 mm (range 28-38 mm).
The fish were kept in a 16 -h light/8-h dark cycle. Feed was stopped three days prior to the bioassay to empty the digestive tract. Fish were placed into the aquaria 24 h before adding the test material.
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Post exposure observation period:
no data available
Hardness:
Three different water types were used:
very soft water: 10-13 mg/L CaCO3, reconstituted from destilled water
medium hard water: 103 mg/L as CaCO3, dilution water from Lake Huron
very hard water: 280-320 mg/L CaCO3, reconstituted from destilled water
Test temperature:
22 +/- 1°C
pH:
Three different water types were used:
very soft water reconstituted from destilled water, start: pH 6.4 - 6.8, end: 7.5
medium hard water dilution water from Lake Huron: start pH 7.6, end pH 9.5
very hard water reconstituted from destilled water: start pH 8.0 - 8.4, end pH 9.5
Dissolved oxygen:
start of test: 8.2 mg/L,
end of test: 4.2 mg/L;
Salinity:
no data
Nominal and measured concentrations:
no data
Details on test conditions:
TEST WATER
Water used came from Whitestone Point on the west side of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron.
The water was sent through an activated charcoal bed to remove any free chlorine.
This water exhibits chemical characteristics in the following ranges:
total alkalinity: 85 mg/L as CaC03;
specific conductivity: 1770 µmhos/cm; and resistivity: ca. 570 ohms/cm (AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION 1975).
This water passes the general requirements for dilution water as stated in COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS (1975).
None of the products were neutralized prior to testing.
Bioassays were conducted by placing eight liters water in each vessel, a round glass aquarium measuring 22 cm deep with a 24.5 cm diameter, adding the fish, then aerating with plant air. If no deaths occurred in 24 h, the aerators were removed, and the test solution added with two liters of water for mixing, making a total of ten liters. Any vessel containing dead fish was cleaned, reset, and observed for another 24 h prior to compound addition. Ten fish were exposed to each concentration of the material. Between five and ten concentrations were set per product. Observations were made and recorded daily.
Reference substance (positive control):
not specified
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NAEL
Effect conc.:
88 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: very soft water
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
121 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 113-130, very soft water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
138 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: very soft water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NAEL
Effect conc.:
669 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Remarks:
Na4EDTA
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: medium hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
792 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 754-831, medium hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
861 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: medium hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NAEL
Effect conc.:
1 380 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
1 592 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 1493-1678, hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
1 846 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: hard water
Details on results:
The test results of Na4EDTA show that there is a relation between water hardness and ecotoxicity. Tests performed in very soft water (10-13 mg/l CaCO3) showed a higher toxicity than those performed in a medium hard water (103 mg/I CaCO3) or very hard water (280-320 mg CaCO3). The great variation in mortality resulted in LC50 values in a range of 121 mg/L (soft water) to 1592 mg/L (very hard water). The LC50 of 121 mg/L derived in very soft water which reflects spring water from lime-free geological zones is not considered as environmentally relevant as EDTA is not released to waters of such low hardness.
Instead of the NOEC, in this study the NAEL (= no (observable) adverse effect level) is quoted.
Results with reference substance (positive control):
no data available
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Justification for type of information:
The substance Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CAS 64-02-8) is structurally similar to the substance trans-cyclohexane-1,2-dinitrilotetraacetic acid (CAS 13291-61-7), therefore used for the read-across.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The static water acute toxicity tests followed the methods described in the EPA publication, "Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians" (COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS, 1975).
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Details on sampling:
no data available
Vehicle:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
Lepomis macrochirus
Details on test organisms:
The test fish were obtained from the National Fish Hatchery at Hebron, Ohio, USA.
The fish had an average weight of 0.74 g (range 0.62-1.28 g) and an average total length of 34 mm (range 28-38 mm).
The fish were kept in a 16 -h light/8-h dark cycle. Feed was stopped three days prior to the bioassay to empty the digestive tract. Fish were placed into the aquaria 24 h before adding the test material.
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Post exposure observation period:
no data available
Hardness:
Three different water types were used:
very soft water: 10-13 mg/L CaCO3, reconstituted from destilled water
medium hard water: 103 mg/L as CaCO3, dilution water from Lake Huron
very hard water: 280-320 mg/L CaCO3, reconstituted from destilled water
Test temperature:
22 +/- 1°C
pH:
Three different water types were used:
very soft water reconstituted from destilled water, start: pH 6.4 - 6.8, end: 7.5
medium hard water dilution water from Lake Huron: start pH 7.6, end pH 9.5
very hard water reconstituted from destilled water: start pH 8.0 - 8.4, end pH 9.5
Dissolved oxygen:
start of test: 8.2 mg/L,
end of test: 4.2 mg/L;
Salinity:
no data
Nominal and measured concentrations:
no data
Details on test conditions:
TEST WATER
Water used came from Whitestone Point on the west side of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron.
The water was sent through an activated charcoal bed to remove any free chlorine.
This water exhibits chemical characteristics in the following ranges:
total alkalinity: 85 mg/L as CaC03;
specific conductivity: 1770 µmhos/cm; and resistivity: ca. 570 ohms/cm (AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION 1975).
This water passes the general requirements for dilution water as stated in COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS (1975).
None of the products were neutralized prior to testing.
Bioassays were conducted by placing eight liters water in each vessel, a round glass aquarium measuring 22 cm deep with a 24.5 cm diameter, adding the fish, then aerating with plant air. If no deaths occurred in 24 h, the aerators were removed, and the test solution added with two liters of water for mixing, making a total of ten liters. Any vessel containing dead fish was cleaned, reset, and observed for another 24 h prior to compound addition. Ten fish were exposed to each concentration of the material. Between five and ten concentrations were set per product. Observations were made and recorded daily.
Reference substance (positive control):
not specified
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NAEL
Effect conc.:
88 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: very soft water
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
121 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 113-130, very soft water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
138 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: very soft water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NAEL
Effect conc.:
669 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Remarks:
Na4EDTA
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: medium hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
792 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 754-831, medium hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
861 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: medium hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NAEL
Effect conc.:
1 380 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
1 592 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 1493-1678, hard water
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
1 846 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: hard water
Details on results:
The test results of Na4EDTA show that there is a relation between water hardness and ecotoxicity. Tests performed in very soft water (10-13 mg/l CaCO3) showed a higher toxicity than those performed in a medium hard water (103 mg/I CaCO3) or very hard water (280-320 mg CaCO3). The great variation in mortality resulted in LC50 values in a range of 121 mg/L (soft water) to 1592 mg/L (very hard water). The LC50 of 121 mg/L derived in very soft water which reflects spring water from lime-free geological zones is not considered as environmentally relevant as EDTA is not released to waters of such low hardness.
Instead of the NOEC, in this study the NAEL (= no (observable) adverse effect level) is quoted.
Results with reference substance (positive control):
no data available
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The static water acute toxicity tests followed the methods described in the EPA publication, "Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians" (COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS, 1975).
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Details on sampling:
no data available
Vehicle:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
Lepomis macrochirus
Details on test organisms:
The test fish were received from the National Fish Hatchery at Hebron, Ohio, USA.
The fish had an average weight of 0.74 g (range 0.62-1.28 g) and an average total length of 34 mm (range 28-38 mm).
The fish were kept in a 16 -h light/8-h dark cycle. PFeed was stopped three days prior to the bioassay to empty the digestive tract. Fish were placed into the aquaria 24 h before adding the test material.
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Post exposure observation period:
no data available
Hardness:
103 mg/L as CaCO3, dilution water from Lake Huron
Test temperature:
22 +/- 1°C
pH:
start pH 7.6, end pH 8.0
Dissolved oxygen:
start of test: 8.2 mg/L,
end of test: 4.2 mg/L;
Salinity:
no data
Nominal and measured concentrations:
no data
Details on test conditions:
TEST WATER
Water used in the fish laboratory came from Whitestone Point on the west side of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron.
The water was sent through an activated charcoal bed to remove any free chlorine.
This water exhibits chemical characteristics in the following ranges:
total alkalinity: 85 mg/L as CaC03;
specific conductivity: 1770 µmhos/cm; and resistivity: ca. 570 ohms/cm (AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION 1975).
This water passes the general requirements for dilution water as stated in COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS (1975).
None of the products were neutralized prior to testing.
Bioassays were conducted by placing eight liters water in each vessel, a round glass aquarium measuring 22 cm deep with a 24.5 cm diameter, adding the fish, then aerating with plant air. If no deaths occurred in 24 h, the aerators were removed, and the test solution added with two liters of water for mixing, making a total of ten liters. Any vessel containing dead fish was cleaned, reset, and observed for another 24 h prior to compound addition. Ten fish were exposed to each concentration of the material. Between five and ten concentrations were set per product. Observations were made and recorded daily.
Reference substance (positive control):
not specified
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NAEL
Effect conc.:
240 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
705 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 623-795
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Details on results:
In the acute fish test with (NH4)4EDTA the LC50 of Lepomis macrochirus was determined to be 705 mg/L after 96 h.
Instead of the NOEC, in this study the NAEL (= no (observable) adversed effect level) is quoted.
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Justification for type of information:
The substance Tetraammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CAS 22473-78-5) is structurally similar to the substance trans-cyclohexane-1,2-dinitrilotetraacetic acid (CAS 13291-61-7), therefore used for the read-across.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The static water acute toxicity tests followed the methods described in the EPA publication, "Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians" (COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS, 1975).
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Details on sampling:
no data available
Vehicle:
not specified
Test organisms (species):
Lepomis macrochirus
Details on test organisms:
The test fish were received from the National Fish Hatchery at Hebron, Ohio, USA.
The fish had an average weight of 0.74 g (range 0.62-1.28 g) and an average total length of 34 mm (range 28-38 mm).
The fish were kept in a 16 -h light/8-h dark cycle. PFeed was stopped three days prior to the bioassay to empty the digestive tract. Fish were placed into the aquaria 24 h before adding the test material.
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Post exposure observation period:
no data available
Hardness:
103 mg/L as CaCO3, dilution water from Lake Huron
Test temperature:
22 +/- 1°C
pH:
start pH 7.6, end pH 8.0
Dissolved oxygen:
start of test: 8.2 mg/L,
end of test: 4.2 mg/L;
Salinity:
no data
Nominal and measured concentrations:
no data
Details on test conditions:
TEST WATER
Water used in the fish laboratory came from Whitestone Point on the west side of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron.
The water was sent through an activated charcoal bed to remove any free chlorine.
This water exhibits chemical characteristics in the following ranges:
total alkalinity: 85 mg/L as CaC03;
specific conductivity: 1770 µmhos/cm; and resistivity: ca. 570 ohms/cm (AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION 1975).
This water passes the general requirements for dilution water as stated in COMMITTEE ON METHODS FOR TOXICITY WITH AQUATIC ORGANISMS (1975).
None of the products were neutralized prior to testing.
Bioassays were conducted by placing eight liters water in each vessel, a round glass aquarium measuring 22 cm deep with a 24.5 cm diameter, adding the fish, then aerating with plant air. If no deaths occurred in 24 h, the aerators were removed, and the test solution added with two liters of water for mixing, making a total of ten liters. Any vessel containing dead fish was cleaned, reset, and observed for another 24 h prior to compound addition. Ten fish were exposed to each concentration of the material. Between five and ten concentrations were set per product. Observations were made and recorded daily.
Reference substance (positive control):
not specified
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
other: NAEL
Effect conc.:
240 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
705 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 623-795
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC100
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Details on results:
In the acute fish test with (NH4)4EDTA the LC50 of Lepomis macrochirus was determined to be 705 mg/L after 96 h.
Instead of the NOEC, in this study the NAEL (= no (observable) adversed effect level) is quoted.

Description of key information

The study taken into consideration reported the following results for toxicity to fish in medium hard water:

LC50 of 2340 mg/L for Sodium calcium edetate (CAS 62-33-9)

LC50 of 792 mg/L for Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CAS 64-02-8)

LC50 of 705 mg/L for Tetraammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CAS 22473 -78 -5)

The LC50 for the substances derived in very soft water which reflects spring water from lime-free geological zones are not considered as environmentally relevant as EDTA is not released to waters of such low hardness.

The 96-hour LC50 value of (NH4)4EDTA was determined to be 705 mg/L. at pH 8. The toxicity is driven by ammonia.At pH 8 ca. 5.3 % of the total ammonia are present as free ammonia, resulting in a NH3 concentration of 2.3 mg/L. Generally a NH3 concentration above 1 mg/L can be considered as toxic alone to fish. Thus, the results of the experiment with (NH4)4 EDTA are also not relevant for the risk assessment.

 

Consequently the LC50 of EDTA is estimated to be higher 1000 mg/L, due to the fact that this predicted value represents the lowest LC50 at acceptable pH which has been performed in natural not synthetic water. The results indicate that for complexed and non complexed EDTA no need for classification as dangerous for the environment. Further on, the results show that the toxicity of complexes with the toxic metals Cu and Zn is in the same concentration range as the uncomplexed EDTA. Chelates with non-toxic metals (Mn, Ca, Mg) are much less toxic.

The test item trans-cyclohexane-1,2-dinitrilotetraacetic acid (CAS 13291-61-7) structurally similar to EDTA is assumed to have LC50 > 1000 mg/L in water of medium hardness.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish
Effect concentration:
1 000 mg/L

Additional information