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Physical & Chemical properties

Water solubility

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Reference
Endpoint:
water solubility
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
22 February - 01 March 2018
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Justification for type of information:
iSafeRat® High-Accuracy-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (HA-QSAR) based on a holistic approach for predicting physicochemical and ecotoxicological endpoints: Water solubility

1. SOFTWARE
iSafeRat® toolbox – in Silico Algorithms For Environmental Risk And Toxicity version 2.4

2. MODEL (incl. version number)
iSafeRat® holistic HA-QSAR v1.8

3. IDENTIFIERS USED AS INPUT FOR THE MODEL
logKOW of the constituents predicted using the iSafeRat® Log KOW module with the molecular structure (SMILES code) as the input (see attached QPRF).

4. SCIENTIFIC VALIDITY OF THE (Q)SAR MODEL
See attached QMRF

5. APPLICABILITY DOMAIN
See attached QPRF

6. ADEQUACY OF THE RESULT
See attached QPRF
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 105 (Water Solubility)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
QSAR model
Principles of method if other than guideline:
A calculation method prediction was performed to assess the water solubility of the consituents of test item. This calculation method predicts the endpoint value which would be expected when testing the substance under experimental conditions in a laboratory following the Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 105, "Water Solubility" adapted for testing as a mixture using the WAF method. The criterion predicted was the solubility in pure water in mg.L-1 at 25°C.

The water solubility of each constituent was determined using an algorithm based on Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) models which have been validated as QSAR models to be compliant with the OECD recommandations for QSAR modeling (OECD, 2004). The determination was performed using regression method in which validated log KOW values are plotted against the log of subcooled liquid water solubility from studies of high quality. These have been carried out using one of the methods recommended in the OECD 105 guideline or an adaptation of these. Further to this the water solubility of the WAF is determined by using a calculation method based on equilibrium thermodynamic principles.
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
other: QSAR
Key result
Water solubility:
11 mg/L
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: Constituent 1
Key result
Water solubility:
0.014 mg/L
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: Constituent 2
Key result
Water solubility:
1.22 mg/L
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: Constituent 3
Key result
Water solubility:
13 796 mg/L
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: Constituent 4
Key result
Water solubility:
4.87 mg/L
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: Constituent 5
Key result
Water solubility:
1.12 mg/L
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: Constituent 6
Details on results:
None

None

Conclusions:
The water solubility of 16 constituents of the test item is predicted as follows (mg test item/L):
Constituant 1: 11.0
Constituant 2: 0.0141
Constituant 3: 1.22
Constituant 4: 13796
Constituant 5: 4.87
Constituant 6: 1.12
Executive summary:

A calculation method prediction was performed to assess the water solubility of the test item. This calculation method predicts the endpoint value which would be expected when testing the substance under experimental conditions in a laboratory following Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 105, "Water Solubility" adapted for testing as a mixture using the WAF method. The criterion predicted was the solubility in pure water in mg.L-1 at 25°C.

The water solubility determination of the individual constituents of the mixture was performed using regression method in which validated log Kow values are plotted against the log of sub-cooled liquid water solubility from studies of high quality. These have been carried out using one of the methods recommended in the OECD 105 guideline or an adaptation of these. Further to this the water solubility of the WAF is determined by using a series of calculation steps using phase equilibrium thermodynamics.

Finally the water solubility of 6 components (covering more than 94% of the composition of the substance) has been determined to be between 0.0141 and 13796 mg/L each at 25°C.

Description of key information

The apparent water solubilities of the constituents of the substance at ambient temperature (6 components covering more than 94% of the composition) were determined to be between 0.0141 and 13796 mg/L each at 25°C (estimations based on valid QSAR estimations).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

No study was conducted on the oil itself.

The test item is a natural complex substance (NCS). It is a mixture of several constituents, but 6 of them represent more than 94% of that mixture.

Water solubility of the 6 constituents of the test item were calculated using valid QSAR estimations.

Finally, apparent water solubility of each of these 6 constituents was reported below:

Constituent 1   :  11.0 mg/L at 25°C

Constituent 2   : 0.0141 mg/L at 25°C

Constituent 3   :  1.22 mg/L at 25°C

Constituent 4   :  13796 mg/L at 25°C

Constituent 5   :  4.87 mg/L at 25°C

Constituent 6   :  1.12 mg/L at 25°C

As the substance is an UVCB with constituents of different solubility, the global solubility of the substance will depend on the composition and the loading rate (with varying ratio of constituents in the dissolved phase). Therefore we reported the water solubility of the 6 components of the substance in the range between 0.0141 and 13796 mg/L each at 25°C and no single key value was retained (nor calculated weighted WS nor worst-case).