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EC number: 205-444-0 | CAS number: 140-95-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from 2011-10-28 to 2012-07-02
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.1010 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test, Freshwater Daphnids)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples for concentration control analysis were taken from each freshly prepared solution (0 h and 24 h) from additionally prepared test vessels without daphnids and at the end of each exposure interval (after approx. 24 h and 48 h) from all test vessels with mobile daphnids and the lowest concentration with 100% immobilisation.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The stock test solution (120 mg/L) was prepared by directly adding 120 mg of test substance to 1L of test medium. The mixture was stirred on a magnetic stir plate for about 10 minutes at 20 ± 2 °C.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Strain/clone: STRAUS 1820
- Source: supplied by Institut National de Recherche Chimique Appliquée, France, in 1978
- Age at test initiation: < 24 hours (at least 3rd brood progeny)
- Feeding during test: no feeding during exposure period
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions: The Daphnia are cultured under the identical conditions as the test including test media (Elendt M4), water quality, and temperature (20 ± 1 °C). - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 2.20 – 3.20 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 20.0 – 20.4 °C
- pH:
- 7.5 – 8.5
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.8 - 9.1 mg O2/L
- Salinity:
- NA
- Conductivity:
- 550 - 650 μS/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0 and 120 mg/L
Measured concentrations: 0 and 120.8 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: beakers
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass (nominal volume 100 mL), test volume 50 mL
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): every 24 h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 0.1 animals/mL
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Elendt M4, OECD 202
- Total organic carbon: < 2 mg/L
- Alkalinity: 0.80 – 1.00 mmol/L
- Ca/mg ratio: about 4 : 1
- Conductivity: 550 - 650 μS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: monthly intervals
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light : 8 hours darkness
- Light intensity: 136 - 673 lux at a wave length of 400 - 750 nm
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no immobilisation at 100 mg/L after 48 h - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 120 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 120 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 120 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The EC50(24h) of the reference substance potassium dichromate was 1.13 mg/L (experiment date: 24 Oct 2011). This result is within the range of 0.6 – 2.1 mg/L (ISO 6341) and indicates that the culture of Daphnia magna used in this study is responding normally to toxic stress.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- This test was fully compliant with all the following validity criteria required by the corresponding test guidelines and is considered valid. ≤ 10% immobilisation in the control O2 concentration > 3 mg/L in control and test vessels
- Conclusions:
- In conclusion, the 48-hour EC50 value for the test item in this acute toxicity study with Daphnia magna was >120 mg/L based on the nominal concentration of the test substance and >120.8 mg/L based on the mean measured concentration.
- Executive summary:
In the acute immobilisation test with Daphnia magna (STRAUS), the effects of the test item were determined according to OECD 202 and EC 440/2008 C.2. The study was conducted in a semi-static system over a period of 48 hours with a limit concentration of 120 mg/L. The validity criteria of the test guideline were fulfilled. The estimated EC50 value (48 hours) of the test item based on the nominal concentration is > 120 mg/L.
Reference
ANALYTICAL CONCENTRATION CONTROL
Method of analysis: Total organic carbon.
Limit of quantification (LoQ): 3.2 – 7.0 mg/L mg/L
Recovery efficiency: 100 – 101 %
Table 1. Analytically measured concentrations of the test substance in the test solutions
Nominal concentration [mg/L] |
Analytically measured concentrations |
Mean measured concentration [mg/L] |
Mean measured concentration [% of nominal] |
|||
Renewal interval 1 |
Renewal interval 2 |
|||||
Fresh test solution [mg/L] |
24 h test solution (old) [mg/L] |
Fresh test solution [mg/L] |
24 h test solution (old) [mg/L] |
|||
0 |
<LOQ |
<LOQ |
<LOQ |
<LOQ |
- |
- |
120 |
120.7 |
120.6 |
119.6 |
122.2 |
120.8 |
101% |
- not determined
All measured concentrations deviated less than 20% from the nominal concentration. Following recommendations in OECD 202 the results should be evaluated based on the nominal concentrations. The measured concentrations were stable over the exposure period.
Table 2. Number of mobile Daphnids
Nominal concentration [mg/L] |
Number of mobileDaphniaat each observation period |
|||||||||||||
Replicate 1 [h] |
Replicate 2 [h] |
Replicate 3 [h] |
Replicate 4 [h] |
∑ |
∑ |
|||||||||
0 |
24 |
48 |
0 |
24 |
48 |
0 |
24 |
48 |
0 |
24 |
48 |
24h |
48h |
|
0 (control) |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
20 |
20 |
120 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
20 |
20 |
Number of test animals per replicate: 5 Number of test animals per test group: 20 |
Description of key information
The 48-hour EC50 value for the test item in an acute toxicity study with Daphnia magna was >120 mg/L based on the nominal concentration of the test substance and >120.8 mg/L based on the mean measured concentration.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
In the acute immobilisation test (reference 6.1.3-1) with Daphnia magna (STRAUS), the effects of the test item were determined according to OECD 202 and EC 440/2008 C.2.The study was conducted in a semi-static system over a period of 48 hours with a limit concentration of 120 mg/L. The validity criteria of the test guideline were fulfilled. The estimated EC50 value (48 hours) of the test item based on the nominal concentration is > 120 mg/L.
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