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EC number: 225-443-9 | CAS number: 4851-50-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
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- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 997
- Report date:
- 1997
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Macrolexgrün G was initially screened with one plate per dose using the Salmonella/microsome plate incorporation test for point mutagenic effects in doses of up to and including 5000 µg per plate on five Salmonella typhimurium LT2 mutants. These comprised the histidine-auxotrophic strains TA 1535, TA 100, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 102. The independent repeat was performed as preincubation for 20 minutes at 37°C. Other conditions remained unchanged.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1,4-bis[[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]amino]-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone
- EC Number:
- 225-443-9
- EC Name:
- 1,4-bis[[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]amino]-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone
- Cas Number:
- 4851-50-7
- Molecular formula:
- C34H34N2O4
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,4-bis[(4-tert-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- name of test substance: MACROLEX Grün G
appearance: dark-green powder
chemical names: 9,10-Anthracenedione, 1,4-bis{[4- (1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]amino}- 5,8-dihydroxy
molecular weight: 534
molecular formula: C34H34N2O4
CAS No.: 4851-50-7
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 mix
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- The following doses per plate were evaluated [µg per plate]:
Negative control 0
MACROLEX Grün G 5000
MACROLEX Grün G 1581
MACROLEX Grün G 500
MACROLEX Grün G 158
MACROLEX Grün G 50
MACROLEX Grün G 16 - Vehicle / solvent:
- MACROLEX Grün G was mixed with DMSO and formed a dark-green suspension.
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- cumene hydroperoxide
- other: nitrofurantoin, 4-nitro-1,2-phenylene diamine, 2-amino anthracene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- The initial plate incorporation test followed the directions of Ames. For the mutant count, one plate was used, both with and without S9 mix, for each strain and dose. The independent repeat was performed as preincubation in a water bath at 37°C for minutes. At the end of the preincubation period 2 ml of molten soft agar were added to the tubes, the content mixed and plated.
One plate, filled with the solvent minus the test substance, comprised the negative control. Each positive control also contained one plate per strain. The amount of solvent for the test substance and for the controls was 0.1 ml/plate. - Evaluation criteria:
- The following criteria determined the acceptance of an assay:
a) The negative controls had tobe within the expected range, as defined by published data (e.g. Maron and Ames, 1983) and/ or the laboratories' own historical data.
b) The positive controls had to show sufficient effects, as defined by the laboratories' experience.
c) Titer determinations had to demonstrate sufficient bacterial density in the suspension.
Only trials which complied with all three of the above crite ria were accepted for assessment. Even if the criteria for points (b) and (c) were not met, a trial was accepted if it showed mutagenic activity of the test compound. Furthermore, an unacceptable trial would have been repeated.
Assessment Criteria
A reproducible and dose-related increase in mutant counts of at least one strain is considered to be a positive result. For TA 1535, TA 100 and TA 98 this increase should be about twice that of negative controls, whereas for TA 1537, at least a threefold increase should be reached. For TA 102 an increase of about 150 mutants should be reached. Otherwise, the result is evaluated as negative. However, these guidelines may be overruled by good scientific judgement.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- other: S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- There was no indication of a bacteriotoxic effect of MACROLEX Grün G at doses of up to and including 5000 µg per plate. The total bacteria counts consistently produced results comparable to the negative controls, or differed only insignificantly. No inhibition of growth was noted as well. At 500 µg per plate, the substance started to precipitate.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Negative. Evidence of mutagenic activity of MACROLEX Grün G was not seen. No biologically relevant increase in the mutant count, in comparison with the negative controls, was observed.
- Executive summary:
MACROLEX Grün G was initially screened with one plate per dose using the Salmonella/microsome plate incorporation test for point mutagenic effects in doses of up to and including 5000 µg per plate on five Salmonella typhimurium LT2 mutants. These comprised the histidine-auxotrophic strains TA 1535, TA 100, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 102. The independent repeat was performed as preincubation for 20 minutes at 37°C. Other conditions remained unchanged.
Doses up to and including 5000 µg per plate did not cause any bacteriotoxic effects: Total bacteria counts remained unchanged and no inhibition of growth was observed. Substance precipitation occurred at the dose 500 µg per plate and above.
Evidence of mutagenic activity of MACROLEX Grün G was not seen. No biologically relevant increase in the mutant count, in comparison with the negative controls, was observed.
The positive controls sodium azide, nitrofurantoin, 4-nitro-1,2-phenylene diamine, cumene hydroperoxide and 2-aminoanthracene had a marked mutagenic effect, as was seen by a biologically relevant increase in mutant colonies compared to the corresponding negative controls.
Therefore, MACROLEX Grün G was considered to be negative (non-mutagenic) without and with S9 mix in the plate incorporation as well as in the preincubation modification of the Salmonella/microsome test.
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