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EC number: 701-219-0 | CAS number: 15174-47-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1998
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Comparable to OECD Guideline 471. Deficiencies were: Salmonella strains TA1535 and TA98 not tested (guideline recommends testing both); TA1537, TA97 and TA97a not tested (guideline recommends testing at least one of these)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The effectiveness of Salmonella strains TA100, TA102 and TA104 for detecting mutagenicity of some aldehydes and peroxides
- Author:
- Diilon, D., Combes, R., and Zeiger, E.
- Year:
- 1 998
- Bibliographic source:
- Mutagenesis vol.13 no.1 pp.19-26, 1998
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- guideline also recommends testing TA1535, TA98 and at least one of TA1537, TA97 and TA97a; 2-aminoanthracene not recommended as sole indicator of S-9 activity
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- (E)-2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-enal
- Cas Number:
- 15174-47-7
- IUPAC Name:
- (E)-2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-enal
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Test material is described using the generic CAS 101-39-3, however the name is given as α-Methyl-trans-cinnamaldehyde (sourced from Aldrich).
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA100, TA102, TA104
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Aroclor 1254-induced rat and mouse liver fractions (S9)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- No metabolic activation: 10 to 1000 μg/plate (TA 100 and TA102); 100 to 10,000 μg/plate (TA104)
With metabolic activation (mouse S9): 10 to 10,000 μg/plate (TA100); 100 to 10,000 μg/plate (TA102); 10 to 1000 μg/plate (TA104)
With metabolic activation (rat S9): 10 to 1000 μg/plate (TA100 and TA104); 10 to 10,000 μg/plate (TA102) - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: no data
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: no data
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- dose of 0 μg/plate tested [no further details given]
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- with S9 (all strains)
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- dose of 0 μg/plate tested [no further details given]
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- without S9 (TA100)
- Positive control substance:
- other: methylmethanesulphonate
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- dose of 0 μg/plate tested [no further details given]
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- without S9 (TA102)
- Positive control substance:
- mitomycin C
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- dose of 0 μg/plate tested [no further details given]
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- without S9 (TA104)
- Positive control substance:
- other: formaldehyde or crotonaldehyde
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: preincubation
DURATION
- Preincubation period: performed to the protocol of Maron and Ames (1983) [20 min at 37 °C or 30 min at 30 °C]
- Exposure duration: performed to the protocol of Maron and Ames (1983) [48 h]
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3 plates/dose
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: other: thinning of the background lawn and/or a reduction in the number of colonies on the plates - Evaluation criteria:
- Responses were judged mutagenic (+) when there was a reproducible, dose-related response and weakly mutagenic (+w) when reproducible low-level increases were obtained or when both positive and equivocal responses were seen in repeat trials. Responses were judged equivocal (?) when the increases in revertants were not reproducible or were seen only at a single dose.
- Statistics:
- The significance of mean revertant counts at individual dose levels was assessed using Dunnett’s t-test and dose-response effects were analyzed by two methods, Wahrendorf ranking and linear regression (Mahon et al., 1989). The latter was used to obtain slope of the responses and both methods were only applied in the absence of a decline in revertant count at high dose levels. These analyses were used for guidance, but did not dictate the summary responses.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA 100, TA102, TA104
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- other: highest dose (1000 or 10,000 μg/plate, depending on strain) apparently "limited by toxicity"
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not specified
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Effects of pH: no data available
- Effects of osmolality: no data available
- Evaporation from medium: no data available
- Water solubility: no data available
- Precipitation: no data available
- Other confounding effects: no data available
RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: no data available
COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA: no data available
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CYTOTOXICITY: no data available
OTHER: Test compound produced "inconsistent equivocal responses" in TA100 with mouse and rat S9, but was not considered mutagenic
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Mutagenicity of α-Methyl-trans-cinnamaldehyde | ||||
α-Methyl-trans-cinnamaldehyde
|
| TA100 | TA102 | TA104 |
-S9 | - | - | - | |
+S9 | - | - | - |
- non-mutagenic
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results: negative
In a limited Ames test, similar to that recommended by OECD Guideline 471, α-methyl-trans-cinnamaldehyde showed no consistent evidence of mutagenic activity in three strains of Salmonella typhimurium, with or without S9. - Executive summary:
A publication briefly describes a bacterial reverse mutagenicity (Ames) assay, in a preincubation test conducted using a protocol similar to OECD Guideline 471.
Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100, TA102 and TA104 were tested with α-methyl-trans-cinnamaldehyde at up to 1,000 or 10,000 μg/plate (depending on strain, and apparently "limited by toxicity") in the presence or absence of a rat or mouse liver metabolic activation fraction (S9). Known mutagens were also tested as positive controls. Three plates were prepared for each concentration and incubated, after which the number of revertant colonies per plate was counted.
No reproducible, dose-related mutagenic response was observed. Under the conditions of this assay (which did not test the guideline recommended set of five S. typhimurium strains), α-methyl-trans-cinnamaldehyde showed no convincing evidence of mutagenic activity in S. typhimurium, with or without S9.
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