Sulfuric acid, mono-C12-14-alkyl esters, magnesium salts

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

Refer to the Category Approach Justification document provided in IUCLID6 Section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.88 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks on result:

other:

Remarks:

Source, key, 151-21-3, 1996a

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other:

Remarks:

Source, key, 151-21-3, 1996a

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

other: IC20

Effect conc.:

0.94 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: 0.70 - 1.05

Remarks:

Source, key, 151-21-3, 1996a

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

< 0.05 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other:

Remarks:

Source, key, 1191-50-0, 1996b

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

< 0.05 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks on result:

other:

Remarks:

Source, key, 1191-50-0, 1996b

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

other: IC20

Effect conc.:

0.18 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: 0.04-0.32 mg/L

Remarks:

Source, key, 1191-50-0, 1996b

Reference 2

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

March 16 - 23, 1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA-600/489/001: Short term methods for measuring the chronic toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater organisms. Deviations, reliability and validity evaluated against USEPA OPPTS 850.1300 (Daphnid Chronic Toxicity Test).

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: Samples were taken from all exposure concentrations on days 1, 4 and 7.
- Sampling method: 50 mL of sample water was removed from each of the replicate stream channels and combined to yield a 100 mL sample for each test concentration. Each sample was treated to three successive MBAS extractions using HPLC grade chloroform. Extracted material was combined and brought to 50 mL with fresh chloroform.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Not available

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Test material stock solutions were prepared by diluting surfactants in distilled water. Stock mixtures of the test substance were made up in 4-L batches and placed on magnetic stirrers.
- Controls: in dilution water (without test substance)
- Evidence of undissolved material: none

Test organisms (species):

Ceriodaphnia dubia

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Ceriodaphnia dubia
- Strain/clone: Not available
- Justification for species other than prescribed by test guideline: Not applicable
- Source: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University In-house breeding culture
- Age of parental stock: Not available
- Feeding during test: Yes
- Food type: trialgal diet containing equal portions of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlamydomonas vulgaris and Selenastrum capricornutum
- Amount: Not available
- Frequency: daily at each renewal

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Not available
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Not available
- Type and amount of food: trialgal diet containing equal portions of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlamydomonas vulgaris and Selenastrum capricornutum.
- Feeding frequency: Not available
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Not available

METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: not provided

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

7 d

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable

Hardness:

Not available

Test temperature:

24.9 - 25.3 ºC

pH:

Not available

Dissolved oxygen:

Not available

Salinity:

Not applicable

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentrations were 0, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0 and 2.50 mg/L
Measured concentrations were 0, 0.05, 0.25, 0.39, 1.73 and 2.53 mg/L
The measured concentrations were 50, 100, 78, 173 and 101% of the nominal concentrations, respectively. Results are based on measured concentrations.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: open
- Material: Test chamber is a 35 mL disposable polystyrene cup fitted with 120-µM Nitex mesh on opposite sides
- Aeration: no (test was flow-through)
- Type of flow-through: peristaltic
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): 360 mL/h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10
- Biomass loading rate: 1 daphnid/35 mL


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted water as described by Lauth et al (1990)
- Total organic carbon: Not available
- Particulate matter: Not available
- Metals: Not available
- Pesticides: Not available
- Chlorine: Not available
- Alkalinity: Not available
- Ca/mg ratio: Not available
- Conductivity: Not available
- Salinity: Not available
- Culture medium different from test medium: Not available
- Intervals of water quality measurement: days 1,4 and 7 for each exposure concentration


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: Not available
- Photoperiod: 16 h light / 8 h dark
- Light intensity: 150 - 400 foot candles


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality and number of young were assessed daily


RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0-6.38 mg/L (see section 6.1.3., acute test, for details)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes, the results of the acute toxicity test was used to establish test concentrations for the chronic test.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

< 0.05 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

< 0.05 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

other: IC20

Effect conc.:

0.18 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: 0.04 - 0.32

Details on results:

- Mortality of parent animals: See section below (Remarks on results including tables and figures)
- No. of offspring produced per day per female: See section below (Remarks on results including tables and figures)
- Body length and weight of parent animals: Not available
- Type and number of morphological abnormalities: Not available
- Type and number of behavioural abnormalities: Not available
- Number of males and females (parental): Not available
- Time to first brood release or time to hatch: Not available
- Egg development time: Not available
- Brood size: not available
- Time to sexual maturity: Not available
- Type and magnitude of biochemical changes: Not available
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

One-way analysis of variance was used to determine the NOEC and LOEC effect concentrations. The EC20 was determined using a nonlinear regression approach as described by Bruce and Versteeg (1992). All analyses of variance were conducted using Minitab (1993).

Chronic Effects of C14AS on Ceriodaphnia dubia (7 days; study 66165)

Actual Concentration (mg/L)	% Mortality	Neonates per Female	S.D.
0	0	25.3	4.5
0.05	0	20.5*	3.2
0.25	0	19.4*	2.0
0.39	0	15.9*	3.4
1.73	0	6.4*	3.1
2.5360	60	0*	0

*indicates a significant difference from control

C14AS = C14 -alkyl sulfate

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

80% or greater survival in controls, 15 or more young per surviving female

Conclusions:

The 7-day NOEC of C14AS (C14-alkyl sulfate) to Ceriodaphnia dubia was <0.05 mg/L, based on measured concentrations of test substance.

Executive summary:

In a 7-day chronic toxicity study, Ceriodaphnia dubia were exposed to C14AS (C14-alkyl sulfate) at nominal concentrations of 0, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0 and 2.50 mg/L, and measured concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.25, 0.39, 1.73, and 2.53 mg/L under flow-through conditions. The 7-day NOEC based on measured concentrations was <0.05 mg/L, based on the most sensitive endpoint (reproduction). The toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the validity critieria as stated in the study protocol.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Long-term (40d; multigeneration) toxicity test with Daphnia magna

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: A stock solution of the test item was prepared in distilled water. Several concentrations of the test pollutant were prepared by pipetting the appropriate volume of test pollutant stock solution into 500 ml of water and vigorously mixing the solution on a magnetic stirrer.
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): none

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: obtained from cultures maintained at EG & G Bionomics, Wareham, Massachusetts, USA
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): <24 hours
- Food type and amount: combination of Strike fish food prepared in water suspension (5 mg/mL) and unicellular green algae Selenastrum capricornutum concentrated to 10E7 cells/mL; ad libitum

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same
- Type and amount of food: same as culture daphnids

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

40 d

Hardness:

175 ± 15 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

not specified

pH:

8.1 ± 0.2

Dissolved oxygen:

not specified

Salinity:

Conductivity: 600 ± 100 µmhos/cm

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 2 L jars containing 1 L of test solution
- Aeration: yes
- Renewal rate of test solution: 3 times per week
- No. of organisms per vessel: 15
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted well water (deionized with an anion-cation resin bed to remove solubilised metals
- Alkalinity: 115 ± 10 mg/L as CaCO3

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: survival of parental animals and offspring was recorded

After 10 days <24 h old offspring from first generation exposed to toxicant for another 10 day mortality study, 3 tests were conducted (4 generations)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

40 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

2 - 4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: parental survival through 4 consecutive generations (10 d per generation); mean value of 3 tests

Details on results:

Daphnids exposed to nominal concentrations of sodium lauryl sulphate for four consecutive generations exhibited what appeared to be cumulative toxicity from one generation to the next. This test was performed three times in order to substantiate this observation. All daphnids exposed to 8.0 mg/L of sodium lauryl sulphate died during the first generation exposure. A portion of the daphnids exposed to 6.0 mg/L also died, but this reduction in survival was not statistically significant (ANOVA, p = 0.05). Survival of daphnids exposed to 2.0 and 4.0 mg/L of sodium lauryl sulphate was
comparable with survival of control daphnids during the first generation exposure. Survival of second generation daphnids exposed to 4.0 and 6.0mg/L of sodium lauryl sulphate was significantly reduced as compared with survival of control daphnids. All daphnids exposed to 6.0 mg/L of sodium lauryl sulphate died during this generation's exposure. Survival of daphnids exposed to 2.0 mg/L of sodium lauryl sulphate was comparable with control survival. All daphnids exposed to 4.0 mg/L died during the third generation exposure in two of the three tests conducted. Only four offspring were produced by second generation daphnids exposed to 4.0 mg/L in test 3, and all of these offspring survived the third generation exposure. Survival of third generation daphnids exposed to 2.0 mg/L was comparable with survival of control daphnids. Survival of fourth generation daphnids exposed to 4.0 mg/L in test 3 was significantly reduced compared with survival of control daphnids. Survival of fourth generation daphnids exposed to 2.0mg/L was comparable with survival of control daphnids.
No adverse effects of sodium lauryl sulphate on reproduction were observed at any treatments containing surviving daphnids for the entire four generation exposure

Survival through 4 consecutive generations in %

Generation No.	Control	2.0 mg/L	4.0 mg/L	6.0 mg/L	8.0 mg/l
1	100	100	97	77	0
2	100	100	33	0	-
3	97	100	33	-	-
4	98	100	40	-	-

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Conclusions:

A NOEC value of 2 mg/L was determied in a long-term toxicity test (40d; multigeneration) investigating the toxicity of sodium dodecyl sulfate to Daphnia magna.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)

Version / remarks:

Cited as OECD Guide-line 202, part 2 (Daphnia sp., Reproduction Test)

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISMS - Age: young females

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

5.7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

not specified

Conc. based on:

not specified

Basis for effect:

reproduction

95% confidence limits: 4.5 - 6.5 mg/l

Reference 5

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Dec. 3 - 10, 1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA-600/489/001: Short term methods for measuring the chronic toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater organisms. Deviations, reliability, and validity evaluated against USEPA OPPTS 850.1300 (Daphnid Chronic Toxicity Test).

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: Samples were taken from all exposure concentrations on days 1, 4 and 7.
- Sampling method: 50 mL of sample water was removed from each of the replicate stream channels and combined to yield a 100 mL sample for each test concentration. Each sample was treated to three successive MBAS extractions using HPLC grade chloroform. Extracted material was combined and brought to 50 mL with fresh chloroform.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Not available

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Test material stock solutions were prepared by diluting surfactants in distilled water. Stock mixtures of the test substance were made up in 4-L batches and placed on magnetic stirrers.
- Controls: in dilution water (no test substance present)
- Evidence of undissolved material: none

Test organisms (species):

Ceriodaphnia dubia

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Ceriodaphnia dubia
- Strain/clone: Not available
- Justification for species other than prescribed by test guideline: Not applicable
- Source: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University In-house breeding culture
- Age of parental stock: Not available
- Feeding during test: Yes
- Food type: trialgal diet containing equal portions of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlamydomonas vulgaris and Selenastrum capricornutum
- Amount: Not available
- Frequency: daily at each renewal


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Not available
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Not available
- Type and amount of food: trialgal diet containing equal portions of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlamydomonas vulgaris and Selenastrum capricornutum.
- Feeding frequency: Not available
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Not available


METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: not provided

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

7 d

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable

Hardness:

114-205 mg CaCO3/L
Alkalinity: 67.3-80.7 mg CaCO3/L

Test temperature:

24.9 - 25.3 ºC

pH:

7.4-8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

6.4-7.5 mg/L

Salinity:

306-576 µmhos/cm (conductivity)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentrations were 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg/L
Measured concentrations were 0, 0.14, 0.88, 1.20, 4.73, and 8.35 mg/L
The measured concentrations were 28, 88, 60, 118 and 104 % of the nominal concentrations, respectively. Results are based on measured concentrations.

 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 4
 
 

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: open
- Material: Test chamber is a 35 mL disposable polystyrene cup fitted with 120-µM Nitex mesh on opposite sides
- Aeration: no (test was flow-through)
- Type of flow-through: peristaltic
- Renewal rate of test solution: 360 mL/h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10
- Biomass loading rate: 1 daphnid/35 mL


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted water as described by Lauth et al (1990)
- Total organic carbon: Not available
- Particulate matter: Not available
- Metals: Not available
- Pesticides: Not available
- Chlorine: Not available
- Alkalinity: Not available
- Ca/mg ratio: Not available
- Conductivity: Not available
- Salinity: Not available
- Culture medium different from test medium: Not available
- Intervals of water quality measurement: days 1,4 and 7 for each exposure concentration


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: Not available
- Photoperiod: 16 h light / 8 h dark
- Light intensity: 150 - 400 foot candles


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality and number of young were assessed daily


RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0-101 mg/L (see section 6.1.3., acute test, for details)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes, the results of the acute toxicity test was used to establish test concentrations for the chronic test.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.88 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

other: IC20

Effect conc.:

0.94 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: 0.70 - 1.05

Details on results:

- Mortality of parent animals: See section below (remarks on results including tables and figures)
- No. of offspring produced per day per female: See section below (remarks on results including tables and figures)
- Body length and weight of parent animals: Not available
- Type and number of morphological abnormalities: Not available
- Type and number of behavioural abnormalities: Not available
- Number of males and females (parental): Not available
- Time to first brood release or time to hatch: Not available
- Egg development time: Not available
- Brood size: not available
- Time to sexual maturity: Not available
- Type and magnitude of biochemical changes: Not available
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: none

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

One-way analysis of variance was used to determine the NOEC and LOEC effect concentrations. The EC20 was determined using a nonlinear regression approach as described by Bruce and Versteeg (1992). All analyses of variance were conducted using Minitab (1993).

Chronic Effects of C12AS on Ceriodaphnia dubia (7 days; study 66165)

Actual Concentration (mg/L)	% Mortality	Neonates per Female	S.D.
0	0	16.7	2
0.14	10	23.2	7.5
0.88	0	18	4.6
1.2	10	7.9*	8.3
4.73	100	0*	0
8.35	100	0*	0

*indicates a significant difference from control

C12AS = C12 -alkyl sulfate.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

90% or greater survival in controls, 15 or more young per surviving female

Conclusions:

The 7-day NOEC of C12AS (C12-alkyl sulfate) to Ceriodaphnia dubia was 0.88 mg/L, based on measured concentrations of test substance.

Executive summary:

In a 7-day chronic toxicity study, Ceriodaphnia dubia were exposed to C12-AS (C12-alkyl sulfate) at nominal concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg/L, and measured concentrations of 0, 0.14, 0.88, 1.20, 4.73, and 8.35 mg/L under flow-through conditions. The 7-day NOEC based on measured concentrations was 0.88 mg/L, based on the most sensitive endpoint (reproduction). The toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the validity critieria as stated in the study protocol.

Description of key information

7d NOEC (Ceriodaphnia dubia, reproduction) = 0.12 mg/L

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.12 mg/L

Additional information

Since no reliable chronic tests involving aquatic invertebrates are available for C12-14AS Mg (CAS 90583-23-6), a read-across to structurally related category members was conducted in accordance to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5. Read-across data from the following alkyl sulfates were used: C12AS Na (CAS 151-21-3), C14AS Na (CAS 1191-50-0) and C12-14AS Na (CAS 85586-07-8). Toxicity of alkyl sulfates is dependent on the carbon chain length and the influence of the counter ion can be neglected. For the PNEC calculation, the NOEC value derived based on the NOECs available for the pure homologues C12AS Na and C14AS Na was used.

A non-GLP, 7-day reproduction toxicity test with Ceriodaphnia dubia performed according to EPA-600/489/001 guideline is available for C12AS Na (CAS 151-21-3; Lauth 1996a). Daphnids were exposed under flow-through conditions to five test concentrations up to 8 mg/L. Analytical verification of test concentrations proved that nominal values were in agreement with the measured ones. Mortality and reproduction were evaluated daily. The NOEC value determined after 7 days of exposure to test substance was 0.88 mg/L (measured concentration). This value together with the NOEC for C14AS Na presented below was further used for the derivation of the NOEC of C12-14AS Mg (CAS 90583-23-6).

The result of Lauth (1996a) is supported by a publication from LeBlanc (1982). In this non-GLP, 40-day test Daphnia magna was exposed to C12AS Na (CAS 151-21-3) up to 8 mg/L (nominal concentration) over four consecutive generations under semi-static conditions. No special guideline was followed. Offspring daphnids of less than 24 hours of age were collected after 10 days of exposure and further exposed for another 10 days. This procedure was repeated three times. The overall NOEC ranged from 2 to 4 mg/L (nominal concentrations, analytics not performed).

A non-GLP study with C14AS Na (CAS 1191-50-0) was carried according to the EPA-600/489/001 guidance under flow-through conditions (Lauth 1996b). Ceriodaphnia dubia was exposed to the test substance up to 2.53 mg/L (measured concentrations) for 7 days. The 7-day NOEC for both reproduction and mortality was below 0.05 mg a.i./L (measured concentration). This value together with the C12AS Na NOEC was further used for the derivation of the NOEC of C12-14AS Mg (CAS 90583-23-6).

One non-GLP study performed according to OECD Guideline 211 is available for C12-14AS Na (CAS 85586-07-8; Verge 2000). Daphnia magna were exposed to the test substance for 21 days under semi-static conditions. No analytical measurements are available. The 21-day EC50 value was calculated to be 5.7 mg/L.

Due to structural and physico-chemical property similarities with the tested category member these results can also be used to determine the long term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates of C12-14AS Mg (CAS 90583-23-6). For the PNEC calculation, chronic data available for the pure homologues C12AS Na (CAS 151-21-3) and C14AS Na (CAS 1191-50-0) were used. The composition of C12-14AS Mg (CAS 990583-23-6) used for the NOEC calculation was based on the normalized mean values of provided ranges: C12: 65%, C14: 35%. Using the additivity formula stipulated in the EC Regulation 1272/2008, the NOEC value for C12-14AS Mg (CAS 90583-23-6) is 0.12 mg/L. Since the result of Daphnia reproduction testing was the lowest chronic aquatic effect value, the NOEC of 0.12 mg/L was used for the PNEC freshwater calculation.