Aluminium lanthanum trioxide

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

3 (not reliable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Age, light conditions, analytical method not specified; loading rate and variation of water characteristics not assessable

Justification for type of information:

The solubility of aluminium lanthanum trioxide (AlLaO3) in environmental media is expected to be low since dissolution of AlLaO3 in water resulted in La concentrations < 0.01 mg/L and Al concentrations < 0.03 mg/L after 34 days. Solubility in water is considered a worst-case for environmental media due to its low ionic strength and the absence of complexing ions. The ecotoxicological moieties of concern are aluminium and lanthanum ions.
Thus, in the assessment of aquatic toxicity, data available for different aluminium and lanthanum substances are read-across since aluminium and lanthanum ions are the common ecotoxicological moieties of concern.

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Nutrient inactivation as a lake restoration procedure - laboratory investigations

Author:

Peterson, S.A. et al.

Year:

1974

Bibliographic source:

EPA-660/3-74-032

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater

Version / remarks:

Thirteenth Edition. American Public Health Association.1971.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The effect of aluminium in the form of sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) on the mortality of the chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) was tested in a static acute toxicity test. Fish were exposed for a total of 216 h (extended from originally 96 h) to a series of 4 test concentrations, whereupon the mortality was assessed daily.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Remarks:

Not specified in publication

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Aluminium sodium dioxide

EC Number:

215-100-1

EC Name:

Aluminium sodium dioxide

Cas Number:

1302-42-7

Molecular formula:

NaAlO2

IUPAC Name:

sodium;dioxoalumanuide

Details on test material:

Quality: Reagent grade or better

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Concentrations were measured at test initiation (0 h) and at test termination (96 h).

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus tschawytscha

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Chinook salmon
- Source: Local fish hatcheries at Eagle Creek, Fall Creek and Roaring River
- Age at study initiation: not specified
- Length at study initiation: 12-15 cm
- Weight at study initiation: not specified

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 14 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Same as test (Carbon-filtered tap water; 10 °C)
- Type and amount of food during acclimation: Commercial fish food; in amounts such that a minimal residue remained the following day
- Feeding frequency during acclimation: Daily (No feeding 2 days prior to test initiation)

FEEDING DURING TEST
- Yes, not specified.

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

216 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

The exposure duration was extended from originally 96 h to 216 h.

Test conditions

Hardness:

28 mg/L

Test temperature:

10 °C

pH:

7.0 ± 0.2

Dissolved oxygen:

8-9 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0 (control), 5, 10, 20, 40 mg Al/L
Measured at test initiation: < 0.02 (control), 0.03, 0.07, 0.04, < 0.02 mg Al/L
Measured at test termination: < 0.02 (control), < 0.02, 0.05, < 0.02, < 0.02 mg Al/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 20 L wide-mouth, soft-glass containers
- Fill volume: 15 L carbon-filtered tap water

- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2 (only 1 at highest concentration); only 9 instead of 10 organisms at 10 mg Al/L
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Biomass loading rate: 5 fish/L

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: Adjustment to pH 7.0 ± 0.2 with reagent grade sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Photoperiod: Not specified

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
- Mortality; daily

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

40 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

216 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

40 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

No mortality was observed for the control and for all test concentrations after 96 h. Only 1 fish, whose caudal film had been chewed by the others, died in the 40 mg/L concentration at 120 hours.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Table 1: Dissolved aluminium concentrations, sodium aluminate fish bioassay

Added Aluminium Concentration	Aluminium concentration at 0 hours (mg/L)	Aluminium concentration at 96 hours (mg/L)
0.0 (Control)	< 0.02	< 0.02
5.0	0.03	< 0.02
10.0	0.07	0.05
20.0	0.04	< 0.02
40.0	< 0.02	< 0.02

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

no

Remarks:

Measured concentrations < 80 % of nominal concentrations; Variation of water characteristics not assessable

Conclusions:

In a static acute toxicity test according to the test guideline "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater" (13th edition, APHA, 1971), Chinook salmon (length: 12-15 cm; age not specified) were exposed to aluminium in the form of sodium aluminate in carbon-filtered tap water for a duration of 216 h. No mortality could be observed after 96 h and the extended exposure duration of 216 h for any of the test concentrations. The measured concentration of dissolved aluminium did not increase with increasing concentrations of added sodium aluminate (analytical method not specified).