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Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Some information in this page has been claimed confidential.
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 06 May - 29 Aug 1996
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP-Guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 996
- Report date:
- 1996
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- September 1995
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 472 (Genetic Toxicology: Escherichia coli, Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- September 1995
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- his operon (S. typhimurium strains)
trp operon ( E. coli strains)
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1538
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- co-factor supplemented post-mitochondrial fraction (S9-mix), prepared from livers of male rats treated with Aroclor 1254
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 0, 10, 33, 100, 333 and 1000 µg/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: ethanol
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- - S9: sodium azide (1 μg/plate, TA1535 and TA100); 9-aminoacridine (75 µg/plate, TA 1537); 2-nitrofluorene (1 µg/plate, TA98 and TA 1538); methylmethanesulfonate (1000 µg/plate, WP2 uvrA); +S9: 2-aminoanthracene (1 μg/pate, all strains)
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- 2-nitrofluorene
- sodium azide
- methylmethanesulfonate
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
DURATION
- Exposure duration: 48 to 72 h
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): 48 to 72 h
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: inspection of the bacterial background lawn wit a dissecting microscope - Evaluation criteria:
- Revertant colonies were counted and the mean and standard deviation were calculated and compared to the controls.
All Salmonella tester strains must demonstrate the presence of the deep rough mutation and the deletion of the uvrA gene. Cultures of the TA98 and TA100 strains must demonstrate the presence of the pKM101 plasmid R-factor. All WP2 uvrA cultures must demonstrate the deletion of the uvrA gene. All cultures must demonstrate the characteristic mean number of spontaneous revertants in the vehicle controls. Tester strain titers must be above 30.000.000 cells/ml. The mean of each positive control must be at least three-fold increased to the controlls. A minimum of three non-toxic dose levels are recquired to evaluate assay data. - Statistics:
- Mean and standard deviation were calculated
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- other: Unacceptable vehicle control values for the tester strain TA1537 and TA 98 were repeated.
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1538
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Precipitation: >100 µg/plate
RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: Yes
COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA: Yes
- Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Test results of experiment 1:
With or without S9-Mix |
Test substance concentration (μg/plate) |
Mean number of revertant colonies per plate (average of 3 plates) |
|||||
Base-pair substitution type |
Frameshift type |
||||||
TA 1535 |
TA1537 |
TA98 |
TA100
|
TA 1538 |
WP2uvrA |
||
- |
Vehicle |
12 |
4 |
17 |
111 |
5 |
21 |
- |
10 |
3 |
4 |
15 |
115 |
6 |
16 |
- |
33 |
5 |
5 |
19 |
113 |
6 |
11 |
- |
100 |
9 |
4 |
19 |
98 |
7 |
12 |
- |
333 |
7 |
5 |
11 |
116 |
4 |
10 |
- |
1000 |
8 |
6 |
21 |
120 |
7 |
13 |
Positive controls - S9 |
Name |
SA |
9AA |
2NF |
SA |
2NF |
MMS |
Concentrations (μg/plate) |
1.0 |
75 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1000 |
|
Number of colonies/plate |
241 |
40 |
105 |
377 |
179 |
143 |
|
+ |
Vehicle |
14 |
5 |
18 |
133 |
7 |
11 |
+ |
10 |
9 |
5 |
27 |
114 |
12 |
16 |
+ |
33 |
9 |
3 |
21 |
113 |
8 |
13 |
+ |
100 |
8 |
7 |
26 |
108 |
9 |
13 |
+ |
333 |
9 |
4 |
27 |
115 |
6 |
8 |
+ |
1000 |
10 |
5 |
17 |
111 |
9 |
13 |
Positive controls + S9 |
Name |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
Concentrations (μg/plate) |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
10 |
|
Number of colonies/plate |
72 |
127 |
888 |
904 |
783 |
57 |
SA: sodium azide
9AA : 9-aminoacridine
MMS: methylmethanesulfonate
2-AA: 2-aminoanthracene
2NF: 2-nitrofluorene
Table 2: Test results of experiment 2/3:
With or without S9-Mix |
Test substance concentration (μg/plate) |
Mean number of revertant colonies per plate (average of 3 plates) |
|||||
Base-pair substitution type |
Frameshift type |
||||||
TA 1535 |
TA1537 |
TA98 |
TA100
|
TA 1538 |
WP2uvrA |
||
- |
Vehicle |
14 |
10 |
23 |
126 |
11 |
27 |
- |
10 |
7 |
13 |
16 |
117 |
7 |
27 |
- |
33 |
9 |
15 |
23 |
124 |
8 |
19 |
- |
100 |
5 |
13 |
22 |
120 |
6 |
18 |
- |
333 |
12 |
9 |
17 |
110 |
11 |
16 |
- |
1000 |
8 |
14 |
17 |
125 |
5 |
21 |
Positive controls - S9 |
Name |
SA |
9AA |
2NF |
SA |
2NF |
MMS |
Concentrations (μg/plate) |
1.0 |
75 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1000 |
|
Number of colonies/plate |
429 |
757 |
125 |
601 |
221 |
195 |
|
+ |
Vehicle |
8 |
5 |
19 |
147 |
14 |
24 |
+ |
10 |
9 |
7 |
17 |
142 |
16 |
30 |
+ |
33 |
10 |
5 |
19 |
136 |
18 |
25 |
+ |
100 |
10 |
5 |
20 |
132 |
13 |
31 |
+ |
333 |
10 |
4 |
17 |
138 |
12 |
19 |
+ |
1000 |
10 |
7 |
19 |
125 |
12 |
19 |
Positive controls + S9 |
Name |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
Concentrations (μg/plate) |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
10 |
|
Number of colonies/plate |
85 |
97 |
530 |
647 |
1041 |
88 |
SA: sodium azide
9AA : 9 -aminoacridine
MMS: methylmethanesulfonate
2-AA: 2 -aminoanthracene
2NF: 2 -nitrofluorene
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative
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