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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 29 Feb - 02 Mar 2007
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Water Accomodated Fraction (WAF): A concentration of 100 mg/L of the test substance was moderately stirred in algal medium for 24 h at
room temperature. After this incubation time, the undissolved materials were removed by sterile filtration (0.45 µm) to obtain a sterile test substance solution for the algal growth test. The resulting water accommodated fraction was used in the test. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: 86.81 SAG
- Source: obtained from the collection of Algal Cultures, Institute of Freshwater Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Age of inoculum (at test initiation): Exponentially growing liquid preculture were used to inoculate sterile test flasks.
- Method of cultivation: 250 mL flask containing 100 mL of sterile OECD medium inoculated with cell material from axenic slope culture, continuous
illumination from warm white fluorescent tubes (8500 - 9000 lux), temperature: 22 ± 0.2 °C thermocontrolled room, periodically conducted
reference test with potassium dichromate. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- not stated
- Test temperature:
- 22 ± 0.2 °C
- pH:
- 8.0 ± 0.2
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flask
- Material: glass; Size: 250 mL; Fill volume: 100 mL
- Initial cells density: 10000 - 20000/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration: 3
- No. of vessels per control: 5
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: OECD medium
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Temperature was determined in a control flask at the start and at the end of the test. The pH was determined in 1 control flask after sterilization before the test and in all test vessels at the end of the test. Observations of mis-shapen cells and cell-debris were made after 24, 48 and 72 h test duration.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: continuous
- Light intensity and quality: warm white fluorescent tubes (8500-9000 lux)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Algal growth was recorded after 24, 48 and 72 h test duration.
- Determination of cell concentrations: using a spectrophotometer (680 nm wavelength). Aliquots of 5 mL were removed from each test
substance served as controls. The starting cell density was determined using a counting chamber. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: EL50 (24-72h)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: EL0 (24-72h)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: EL50 (24-72h)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: EL0 (24-72h)
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control: yes
- Observation of abnormalities: no - Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 29 Feb - 02 Mar 2007
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Water Accomodated Fraction (WAF): A concentration of 100 mg/L of the test substance was moderately stirred in algal medium for 24 h at
room temperature. After this incubation time, the undissolved materials were removed by sterile filtration (0.45 µm) to obtain a sterile test substance solution for the algal growth test. The resulting water accommodated fraction was used in the test. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: 86.81 SAG
- Source: obtained from the collection of Algal Cultures, Institute of Freshwater Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Age of inoculum (at test initiation): Exponentially growing liquid preculture were used to inoculate sterile test flasks.
- Method of cultivation: 250 mL flask containing 100 mL of sterile OECD medium inoculated with cell material from axenic slope culture, continuous
illumination from warm white fluorescent tubes (8500 - 9000 lux), temperature: 22 ± 0.2 °C thermocontrolled room, periodically conducted
reference test with potassium dichromate. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- not stated
- Test temperature:
- 22 ± 0.2 °C
- pH:
- 8.0 ± 0.2
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flask
- Material: glass; Size: 250 mL; Fill volume: 100 mL
- Initial cells density: 10000 - 20000/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration: 3
- No. of vessels per control: 5
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: OECD medium
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Temperature was determined in a control flask at the start and at the end of the test. The pH was determined in 1 control flask after sterilization before the test and in all test vessels at the end of the test. Observations of mis-shapen cells and cell-debris were made after 24, 48 and 72 h test duration.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: continuous
- Light intensity and quality: warm white fluorescent tubes (8500-9000 lux)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Algal growth was recorded after 24, 48 and 72 h test duration.
- Determination of cell concentrations: using a spectrophotometer (680 nm wavelength). Aliquots of 5 mL were removed from each test
substance served as controls. The starting cell density was determined using a counting chamber. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: EL50 (24-72h)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: EL0 (24-72h)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: EL50 (24-72h)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: EL0 (24-72h)
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control: yes
- Observation of abnormalities: no
Referenceopen allclose all
At the WAF loading rate of 100 mg/L no inhibition with respect to algal growth rate and algal cell growth (area under growth curve) compared to the untreated controls were observed. The no-observed-effect concentration for growth rates (ErL0) and biomass production (EbL0) with respect to the loading rate was ≥ 100 mg/L. The EL50 -value was conducted as EL50 (24 -72 h). But the EL50 can also be stated as EL50 (72 h) > 100 mg/L for the algal growth rate and algal cell growth.
Table 1: Cell concentration (A680) in individual test cultures after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure to the test material. ((b) = Mean absorbance (A680))
Nominal concentration [mg/L] |
Code |
Cell concentration (A680) |
|||
0 h (b) |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
||
Control |
A B C D E |
0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 |
0.033 0.038 0.038 0.036 0.040 |
0.228 0.222 0.208 0.212 0.233 |
0.685 0.733 0.676 0.624 0.694 |
100 |
A B C |
0.008 0.008 0.008 |
0.040 0.038 0.044 |
0.224 0.207 0.207 |
0.700 0.631 0.675 |
At the WAF loading rate of 100 mg/L no inhibition with respect to algal growth rate and algal cell growth (area under growth curve) compared to the untreated controls were observed. The no-observed-effect concentration for growth rates (ErL0) and biomass production (EbL0) with respect to the loading rate was ≥ 100 mg/L. The EL50 -value was conducted as EL50 (24 -72 h). But the EL50 can also be stated as EL50 (72 h) > 100 mg/L for the algal growth rate and algal cell growth.
Table 1: Cell concentration (A680) in individual test cultures after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure to the test material. ((b) = Mean absorbance (A680))
Nominal concentration [mg/L] |
Code |
Cell concentration (A680) |
|||
0 h (b) |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
||
Control |
A B C D E |
0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 |
0.033 0.038 0.038 0.036 0.040 |
0.228 0.222 0.208 0.212 0.233 |
0.685 0.733 0.676 0.624 0.694 |
100 |
A B C |
0.008 0.008 0.008 |
0.040 0.038 0.044 |
0.224 0.207 0.207 |
0.700 0.631 0.675 |
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Since no studies investigating the short-term toxicity of Pentaerythritol, mixed esters with linear and branched fatty acids to aquatic algae are available, in accordance to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5 a read-across to the structurally related source substance Decanoic acid, ester with 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol octanoate (CAS 11138-60-6) was conducted. The target substance is characterized as a tetraester of pentaerythritol and linear and branched fatty acids. The source substance Fatty acids, C8-10 (even numbered), di-and triesters with propylidynetrimethanol (CAS 11138-60-6) is a triester of trimethylolpropane and C8-C10 fatty acids (even numbered).
This read-across is justified in detail in the overall summary (IUCLID Section 6.1) and within the analogue justification in IUCLID Section 13.
A study with the source substance Fatty acids, C8-10 (even numbered), di-and triesters with propylidynetrimethanol (CAS 11138-60-6) was performed according to OECD 201 (non-GLP) is available investigating the toxicity to aquatic algae (Häner, 2007). Desmodesmus subspicatus was exposed to a nominal loading rate of 100 mg/L for 72 h (Water Accommodated Fraction). No effects were observed on growth and biomass after 72 h of incubation resulting in an EL50 (72 h) > 100 mg/L (nominal) and an EL0 (72 h)≥1000 mg/L (nominal).
Based on the available results from structurally related source substances (in accordance to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5) which are characterized by a similar ecotoxicological profile and comparable structure, it can be concluded that Pentaerythritol, mixed esters with linear and branched fatty acids will not exhibit effects on aquatic algae up to the limit of water solubility.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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