2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Acceptable publication which meets basic scientific principles (standardized test procedure, test results in tabular form)

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Range-Finding Toxicity Data: List VI

Author:

Smyth HF et al.

Year:

1962

Bibliographic source:

Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 23(4): 95-107

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Range-Finding Toxicity Data: List VIII

Author:

Carpenter C.P. et al.

Year:

1974

Bibliographic source:

Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 28: 313-319

Reference 3

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

Health Effect Assessments of the Basic Acrylates.

Author:

Tyler TR et al. (eds)

Year:

1993

Bibliographic source:

CRC Press, Boca Raton Ann Arbor London, Tokyo, p. 17

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Range-finding test according to the method described by Carpenter CP and Smyth HF, Jr. (1946) and Smyth HF Jr. et al. (1962).

Carpenter CP and Smyth HF, Jr. (1946). Chemical Burns of the Rabbit Cornea. Am. J. Ophth. 29: 1363
Smyth HF Jr. et al. (1962). Range-finding toxicity data: List VI. Amer. Ind. Hyg. Ass. J. 23: 95-107

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Acrylic acid

EC Number:

201-177-9

EC Name:

Acrylic acid

Cas Number:

79-10-7

Molecular formula:

C3H4O2

IUPAC Name:

acrylic acid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Acrylic acid, glacial
- Analytical purity: no data

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

not specified

Test system

Vehicle:

other: propylene glycol or water

Controls:

not specified

Duration of treatment / exposure:

18 - 24 hr

Observation period (in vivo):

18 - 24 hr

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

usually 5

Details on study design:

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): no


SCORING SYSTEM:
System for numerical scoring of injury to the rabbit eye:

Symptom visible before fluorescein staining: Points Maximum
- Cornea dull 2
- Cornea opaque, < 50% of area 4
- Cornea opaque, > 50% of area 6 6
- Keratoconus 6
- Iritis, slight internal congestion 1
- Iritis, marked internal congestion 2 2

Symptom visible before fluorescein staining:
- Necrosis on < 5% of cornea 1
- Necrosis on 5-12% of cornea 2
- Necrosis on 13-37% of cornea 3
- Necrosis on 38-62% of cornea 4
- Necrosis on 63-87% of cornea 5
- Necrosis on 88-100% of cornea 6 6
- Total 20

Grades of injury:
- Grade 1: 0.5 mL undiluted gives injury of 0-1 points
- Grade 5: 0.005 mL undiluted gives injury of up to 5 points
- Grade 10: excess of 1% solution gives injury > 5 points


TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: fluorescein


TEST PROCEDURE
Test conditions and method according to Carpenter CP and Smyth HF, Jr. (1946):
Eye injury in rabbits was recorded in a 10-grade ordinal series and was based upon the degree of corneal necrosis that resulted from instillation of various volumes and concentrations of chemical. The test was performed on normal rabbit eyes without grossly visible injuries. 0.005 mL of the undiluted chemical were applied to the center of the cornea while the lids were retracted. About one minute later, the lids were released again. 18 to 24 hours later, the eye was examined in strong diffuse daylight, then stained with fluorescein, and the injury scored. Guided by the result, additional applications were made with varying dilutions and volumes until the chemical could be assigned to a grade.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Remarks on result:

other: no quantitative results provided

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Corneal injury in rabbits: 9/10 (= corrosive)
Excess of 1 % solution gives injury of up to 5 points (5 % gives over 5.0)

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

corrosive

Conclusions:

Acrylic acid is corrosive to the rabbit's eye in vivo.