Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-)

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

Data is from OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 and the QMRF report has been attached.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Estimated data

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction was done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of the test material (IUPAC Name): Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-)
- Common Name: Acid Red 183
- Molecular formula: C16H13ClCrN4O9S2
- Molecular weight: 599.835 g/mol
- Smiles notation: N1(c2cc(ccc2)S(=O)(=O)[O-])C([C@@-](\N=N\c2c(c(cc(c2)Cl)S(=O)(=O)[O-])[O-])C(=N1)C)=O.[Cr].[Na+].[Na+].[OH-]
- InChl: 1S/C16H12ClN4O8S2.Cr.2Na.H2O/c1-8-14(19-18-12-5-9(17)6-13(15(12)22)31(27,28)29)16(23)21(20-8)10-3-2-4-11(7-10)30(24,25)26;;;;/h2-7,22H,1H3,(H,24,25,26)(H,27,28,29);;;;1H2/q-1;;2*+1;/p-4/b19-18+;;;;
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Hardness:

24 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

22°C

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Estimated data

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

129.015 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: Other details not known

Details on results:

No data available

Results with reference substance (positive control):

No data available

Reported statistics and error estimates:

No data available

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: EC50
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 6 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

((((((((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" or "e" or "f" )  and ("g" and ( not "h") )  )  and ("i" and ( not "j") )  )  and ("k" and ( not "l") )  )  and ("m" and ( not "n") )  )  and ("o" and ( not "p") )  )  and ("q" and ( not "r") )  )  and "s" )  and ("t" and ( not "u") )  )  and ("v" and ( not "w") )  )  and ("x" and "y" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Phenols (Acute toxicity) by US-EPA New Chemical Categories

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN1 AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Unsaturated heterocyclic azo by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 AND AN2 >> Michael addition to activated double bonds in heterocyclic ring systems AND AN2 >> Michael addition to activated double bonds in heterocyclic ring systems >> Pyrazolone and Pyrazolidine Derivatives AND AN2 >> Schiff base formation with carbonyl compounds (AN2) AND AN2 >> Schiff base formation with carbonyl compounds (AN2) >> Pyrazolone and Pyrazolidine Derivatives AND Schiff base formation AND Schiff base formation >> Schiff base on pyrazolones and pyrazolidinones AND Schiff base formation >> Schiff base on pyrazolones and pyrazolidinones >> Pyrazolones and Pyrazolidinones by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acylation AND Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group AND Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group >> Acetates AND SN2 AND SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom AND SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Alkyl diazo by Protein binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acid moiety AND Amides AND Hydrazines AND Phenol Amines AND Phenols by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acid moiety AND Amides AND Hydrazines AND Phenol Amines AND Phenols by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.4

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> DNA Intercalators with Carboxamide and Aminoalkylamine Side Chain OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR Radical OR Radical >> Generation of ROS by glutathione depletion (indirect) OR Radical >> Generation of ROS by glutathione depletion (indirect) >> Haloalkanes Containing Heteroatom OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitrophenols, Nitrophenyl Ethers and Nitrobenzoic Acids OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitrophenols, Nitrophenyl Ethers and Nitrobenzoic Acids OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related >> Epoxides and Aziridines OR SN2 >> Alkylation, nucleophilic substitution at sp3-carbon atom OR SN2 >> Alkylation, nucleophilic substitution at sp3-carbon atom >> Haloalkanes Containing Heteroatom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Haloalkanes Containing Heteroatom OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.4

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SHOULD NOT BE PROFILED by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Esters by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SHOULD NOT BE PROFILED by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Hydrazines by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SHOULD NOT BE PROFILED by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Hydroquinones OR Phenol Amines by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aryl AND Aryl halide AND Fused unsaturated heterocycles AND Overlapping groups AND Sulfonic acid AND Unsaturated heterocyclic fragment by Organic Functional groups (nested)

Domain logical expression index: "p"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aldehyde OR Aldimine by Organic Functional groups (nested)

Domain logical expression index: "q"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aryl AND Aryl halide AND Fused unsaturated heterocycles AND Overlapping groups AND Sulfonic acid AND Unsaturated heterocyclic fragment by Organic Functional groups (nested)

Domain logical expression index: "r"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Precursors quinoid compounds OR Steroids by Organic Functional groups (nested)

Domain logical expression index: "s"

Similarity boundary:Target: CC1C2C(N(c3cccc(S(O)(=O)=O)c3)N=1)=O[Cr]1(O)N2=Nc2cc(Cl)cc(S(O)(=O)=O)c2O1
Threshold=30%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization

Domain logical expression index: "t"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not categorized by Repeated dose (HESS)

Domain logical expression index: "u"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Chlorphentermine (Hepatotoxicity) Alert OR Nitrophenols/ Halophenols (Energy metabolism dysfuntion) Rank B OR Phenols (Mucous membrane irritation) Rank C by Repeated dose (HESS)

Domain logical expression index: "v"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aryl AND Aryl halide AND Fused unsaturated heterocycles AND Overlapping groups AND Sulfonic acid AND Unsaturated heterocyclic fragment by Organic Functional groups (nested)

Domain logical expression index: "w"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Ketone by Organic Functional groups (nested)

Domain logical expression index: "x"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of Water Solubility which is >= 204 mg/L

Domain logical expression index: "y"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of Water Solubility which is <= 8.82E003 mg/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

Based on the growth rate inhibition of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) by the chemical Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl -5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-) the EC50 was 129.0149 mg/l.

Executive summary:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, toxicity was predicted for Disodium [5-chloro-3- [[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-) (6408-31-7). Based on the growth rate inhibition of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) by the chemical Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl -5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene- 1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-) the EC50 was 129.0149 mg/l.

Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)] hydroxychromate(2-) is considered to be not toxic to aquatic environment and not classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.   

Description of key information

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, toxicity was predicted for Disodium [5-chloro-3- [[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-) (6408-31-7). Based on the growth rate inhibition of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) by the chemical Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl -5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene- 1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-) the EC50 was 129.0149 mg/l. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)] hydroxychromate(2-) is considered to be not toxic to aquatic environment and not classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.   

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

129.015 mg/L

Additional information

Various predicted data for the target compound Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]- 2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-) ]hydroxychromate(2-) (6408-31-7) and supporting weight of evidence studies for its closest read across substance with log Kow as the primary descriptor were reviewed for the toxicity on the algae and cyanobacteria end point which are summarized as below: 

 

In a prediction done by SSS (2017), Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, toxicity was predicted for Disodium [5-chloro-3- [[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato (4-)] hydroxychromate(2-) (6408-31-7). Based on the growth rate inhibition of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) by the chemical Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl -5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene- 1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-) the EC50 was 129.0149 mg/l. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene -1-sulphonato(4-)] hydroxychromate(2-) is considered to be not toxic to aquatic environment and not classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.   

 

 

In second prediction using prediction done using theEPI Suite ECOSAR version 1.10, the short term toxicity on green algae was predicted for test substance Disodium [5-chloro-3- [[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo- 1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-) (6408 -31 -7). On the basis of effects observed in a static freshwater system, the effect concentration EC50 value for the substance is estimated to be 510.661 mg/l for green algae for 96 hrs of duration. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5- dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]- 2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)] hydroxychromate(2-) can be considered as non-toxic to green algae at environmentally relevant concentrations and can be considered not-classified as per the CLP classification criteria. 

 

Similarly in a supporting weight of evidence study from ABITEC lab report 2017, for the read across chemical trisodium 2-({6-[(4-amino-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)(methyl)amino]-1- hydroxy-3-sulfonato-2-naphthyl}diazenyl)naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate (70616-89-6) which was structurally and functionally similar to the target chemical was used. Freshwater algal growth inhibition test was carried out on Desmodesmus subspicatus with the substance trisodium 2-({6-[(4-amino-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)(methyl) amino]-1-hydroxy- 3-sulfonato- 2-naphthyl}diazenyl)naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate according to OECD Guideline 201. The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving redbrown powder in OECD growth medium and tested at the limit concentration i.e 100 mg/l. Effects on the growth rate of the organism were studied after the exposure period of 72hrs with the positive reference control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7). Test performed in the six replicates. The inhibitory concentration for the test substance, trisodium 2-({6-[(4-amino-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)(methyl) amino]-1-hydroxy-3-sulfonato-2-naphthyl}diazenyl) naphthalene-1,5- disulfonate, in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined. At 100 mg/l inhibition was not observed in any replicates (0% inhibition was observed). This value indicates that the substance is likely to be non-hazardous to aquatic algae and can be consider as not classified as per the CLP criteria.

 

On the basis of above results for target chemical Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2- hydroxybenzene-1 -sulphonato(4-) hydroxychromate(2-) (6408-31-7) (from OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4, and EPIsuite, 2017) and for its read across substance from ABITEC report 2017, it can be concluded that the test substance Disodium [5-chloro-3-[[4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulphophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulphonato(4-)]hydroxychromate(2-) is not toxic and can be consider to be not classified as toxic as per the CLP classification criteria.