N,N-dimethylglycinium chloride

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 (2017) with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrates was predicted for target substance 2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride (CAS no. 2491 -06 -7). EC50 value was estimated to be 638 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 h duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance 2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride is considered to be non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 (2017) with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic algae and cyanobacteria was predicted for target substance2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride(CAS no. 2491 -06 -7). EC50 value was estimated to be 182 mg/l for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for 72 h duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochlorideis considered to be non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Additional information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Predicted data for the target chemical2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride (CAS No. 2491-06-7) and various supporting weight of evidence studies for its closest read across substances with logKow as the primary descriptorwere reviewed to summarize the following information:

 

Short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrate of target chemical2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride(CAS No. 2491-06-7) is predicted using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances (2017). On the basis of effects observed in a static freshwater system, the effect concentration EC50 value for the substance is estimated to be 638 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hr duration.Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochlorideis considered to be non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

In a weight of evidencestudy from peer reviewed journal (Tipton L. Randall et.al; 1980) of the read across chemical Carboxylic acid (CAS no. 64-18-6),short term toxicity to Daphnia magna study was carried out for 48 hrs. The study was based on the effects of the read across compound Carboxylic acid on Daphnia magnain a static fresh water system at a temperature of 22⁰C, pH7.7 with a water hardness of 154.5 mg/l as CaCO3, alkalinity of 137.7 mg/l as CaCO3, Ca/mg ratio of 32.7:19.7 mg/l, Na: 2.4 mg/l and K: 1.3 mg/l, respectively. The original stock of daphnia was obtained from the EPA laboratory in Duluth, Minn. Cultures of test organism have been maintained in EPA laboratory for about 2 years. Dilution water from a local spring fed pond was used as a culture media and for toxicity tests. First instar (12 ± 12 hours old) Daphnia were used for all tests. The tests were conducted in duplicate for 48 hrs at 22⁰C in a constant temperature chamber. Test chemical concentrations were nominal. The 48 hr EC50 value or toxic substance concentration that produces the effect of immobilization on 50% of the test populations after 48 hours, and their 95% confidence limits were determined. Based on effect on immobilization of the test organism Daphnia magna, the 48 hr EC50 value was determined to be 151.2 mg/l with a 95% C. I. of 138-165.6 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance Carboxylic acid can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Another short term toxicity to Artemia salina (Brine shrimp) study was carried out for 24 hrs for the same read across chemical Carboxylic acid (CAS no. 64-18-6) (Kenneth S. Price et. al; 1974). First range finding study was performed and then the study for determining the LC50 value was carried out. Test chemical concentration used for the range finding study were 100, 1000 and 10,000 mg/l and 100, 180, 320, 560 and 1000 mg/l, respectively for the determination of Tlm. The study was based on the effects of the read across compound Carboxylic acid on Artemia salina (12 mm in length) in a static fresh water system at a temperature of 24.5⁰C. For the range finding study, shrimp eggs were placed in the hatching device approx. 48 hrs in advance of the time that test shrimp would be required. After shrimp hatching was complete, the shrimp were collected and diluted to provide a suspension of shrimp with a titer of 30 to 50 shrimp/ml. Appropriate volume of a 1% solution of a chemical were placed 150 ml, wide mouth bottles. Artificial seawater was added to provide a total volume of 100 ml. The brine shrimp suspension (1 ml) was pipette into each bottles containing test chemical and into bottles containing only seawater (controls). The bottles were then loosely capped and incubated at ambient temperature of 24.5⁰C for 24 hrs. At the end of 24 hrs incubation period, the number of live and dead shrimp were noted by viewing the shrimp in the bottle aided by a colony counter. Brine shrimp have branch-like swimming appendages, phyllopodia, which also serve as gills. These appendages flutter very rapidly when the organism is healthy and the flutter rate decreases when the shrimp are distressed. No movement of the phyllopodia indicates death. Another sign of distress at near lethal concentrations was the clinging together of two or more shrimps. The result obtained in the screening tests were used to establish the dosage concentrations to be used for determining the TLm. By plotting the %survival versus the test dosage concentration, a straight line plot is obtained. The concentration at which this line cross 50% survival is reported as the Tlm. Based on effect on mortality of the test organism Artemia salina, the 24 hr LC50 value was determined to be 410 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance Carboxylic acid can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

For the read across chemical 1,4-Butanedioic acid (CAS no. 110-15-6), short term toxicity to Daphnia magna study was carried out for 48 hrs (Tipton L. Randall et.al; 1980). The study was based on the effects of the read across compound 1,4-Butanedioic acid on Daphnia magna in a static fresh water system at a temperature of 22⁰C, pH7.7 with a water hardness of 154.5 mg/l as CaCO3, alkalinity of 137.7 mg/l as CaCO3, Ca/mg ratio of 32.7:19.7 mg/l, Na: 2.4 mg/l and K: 1.3 mg/l, respectively. The original stock of daphnia was obtained from the EPA laboratory in Duluth, Minn. Cultures of test organism have been maintained in EPA laboratory for about 2 years. Dilution water from a local spring fed pond was used as a culture media and for toxicity tests. First instar (12 ± 12 hours old) Daphnia were used for all tests. The tests were conducted in duplicate for 48 hrs at 22⁰Cin a constant temperature chamber. Test chemical concentrations were nominal. The 48 hr EC50 value or toxic substance concentration that produces the effect of immobilization on 50% of the test populations after 48 hours, and their 95% confidence limits were determined. Based on effect on immobilization of the test organism Daphnia magna, the 48 hr EC50 value was determined to be 374.2 mg/l with a 95% C. I. of 350-400 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 1,4-Butanedioic acid can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

In a supporting weight of evidence study from authoritative database (ECOTOX database; 2017) of the read across chemical 3-(N',N'-dimethylhydrazinecarbonyl)propanoic acid (CAS no. 1596-84-5),short term toxicity to Daphnia magna (Water flea) study was carried out for 48 hrs. The study was based on the effects of the test compound 3 -(N',N'-dimethylhydrazinecarbonyl) propanoic acid (CAS no. 1596 -84 -5) on Daphnia magna in a static fresh water system. Daphnia magna (Water flea) was used as a test organism. Based on effect on intoxication of the test organism Daphnia magna, the 48 hr EC50 value was determined to be 101 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 3 -(N',N'-dimethylhydrazinecarbonyl)propanoic acid can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Thus, based on the overall reported results for target chemical2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride(OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3, 2017) and for its read across substance (fromauthoritative database ECOTOX and peer reviewed journals),it can be concluded that the test substance2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloridecan be considered as non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be notclassified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Predicted data for the target chemical2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride (CAS No. 2491-06-7) and various supporting weight of evidence studies for its closest read across substances with logKow as the primary descriptorwere reviewed for toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria endpoint to summarize the following information:

 

Short term toxicity on aquatic algae and cyanobacteria of target chemical2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride (CAS No. 2491-06-7) is predicted using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances (2017).On the basis of effects observed in a static freshwater system, the effect concentration EC50 value for the substance is estimated to be 182 mg/l for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for 72 duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochlorideis considered to be non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

In a weight of evidencestudy from authoritative database (J-CHECK, 2017) of the read across chemical 2,2-dimethyl propionic acid (CAS no. 75-98-9), short term toxicity to green algae study was carried out for 72 hrs. The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test). The study was based on the effects of the read across compound 2,2-dimethyl propionic acid on green algae in a static fresh water system. Based on effect on growth rate of the test organism green algae, the 72 hr EC50 and NOEC value was determined to be 66 and 47 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 2,2-dimethyl propionic acid can be considered as toxic to aquatic organisms. Since the chemical is readily biodegradable in nature, chemical 2,2-dimethyl propionic acid considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Another short term toxicity to Selenastrum capricornutum (algae) study was carried out for 96 hrs (HSDB, 2017). The study was based on the effects of the read across compound 2,2-dimethyl propionic acid (CAS no. 75-98-9) on Selenastrum capricornutum in a static fresh water system at a temperature of 24 ± 2⁰C and pH of 7.4, respectively. Based on the effect on biomass of the test organism Selenastrum capricornutum, the 96 hr EC50 value was determined to be 75 mg/l. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 2,2 -dimethyl propionic acid can be considered as toxic to aquatic organisms. Since the chemical is readily biodegradable in nature, chemical 2,2 -dimethyl propionic acid considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

For the same read across chemical 2,2-dimethyl propionic acid (CAS no. 75-98-9) from secondary source (High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program; 2017),short term toxicity to Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata (green algae) study was carried out for 72 hrs. The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test).The study was based on the effects of the read across compound 2,2-dimethyl propionic acid on Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata in a static fresh water system at a temperature of 23.4⁰C and pH of 7.1 – 7.6, respectively under continuous light. Test chemical concentrations used for the study were 62, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/l (nominal concentrations) and 54.8, 128, 246, 488 and 979 mg/l (mean measured concentrations), respectively. The test material was not detected in the control. Individual test treatment solutions were prepared as Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs). Test material was added to algal media in 2.0 L aspirator bottles. The vessels were mixed on magnetic stir plates with teflon coated stir bars for 23 hrs at room temperature. After mixing the solutions were allowed to settle for one hour and the aqueous portion of the WAF was removed from the bottom of the mixing vessel via the port and used for testing. Erlenmeyer flask with approximately 60 ml of treatment solution was inoculated with algae. Test vessels were sealed with foam stoppers. Four replicates were prepared for each treatment level. The initial algal density was 1.0 × 104cells/ml. All test replicates were placed on a shaker table at 100 oscillations per minute during the study. Samples were taken daily for cell counts. Biomass was calculated as the area under the growth curve. Test treatments were analyzed by GC-FID on Day 0 and at termination. Statistical analysis involves the use of Proc regression procedure of SAS, Anova procedure of SAS for NOEC. Based on effect on growth rate of the test organism Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata, the 72 hr EC50 and NOEC value was determined to be 979 and 246 mg/l, respectively and on the basis of biomass, the 72 hr EC50 and NOEC value was determined to be 878 and 246 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 2,2-dimethyl propionic acid can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Thus, based on the overall reported results for target chemical2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride(OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3, 2017) and for its read across substance (fromauthoritative database J-CHECK, HSDB and secondary source),it can be concluded that the test substance2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloridecan be considered as non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be notclassified as per the CLP classification criteria.

On the basis of above mentioned available information for short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates and toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria,test substance 2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be notclassified as per the CLP classification criteria.