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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Eye irritation

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
eye irritation, other
Remarks:
in vivo study
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Between 16 January 2017 and 26 January 2017
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Remarks:
Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results. The study report was conclusive, done to a valid guideline and the study was conducted under GLP conditions.

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2017
Report date:
2017

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Disodium 4,8-diamino-1,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2,6-disulphonate
EC Number:
220-678-3
EC Name:
Disodium 4,8-diamino-1,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2,6-disulphonate
Cas Number:
2861-02-1
Molecular formula:
C14H10N2O10S2.2Na
IUPAC Name:
disodium 4,8-diamino-1,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2,6-disulfonate

Test animals / tissue source

Species:
rabbit
Strain:
New Zealand White
Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
Animal Information
Two New Zealand White (Hsdlf:NZW) strain rabbits were supplied by Envigo RMS (UK) Limited, Leicestershire, UK. At the start of the study the animals weighed 2.20 or 3.09 kg and were 12 to 52 weeks old. After an acclimatization period of at least 5 days each animal was given a number unique within the study which was written with a black indelible marker pen on the inner surface of the ear and on the cage label.
Animal Care and Husbandry
The animals were individually housed in suspended cages. Free access to mains drinking water and food (2930C Teklad Global Rabbit diet supplied by Envigo RMS (UK) Limited, Oxon, UK) was allowed throughout the study. The diet and drinking water were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.
The temperature and relative humidity were set to achieve limits of 17 to 23 °C and 30 to 70% respectively. The rate of air exchange was at least fifteen changes per hour and the lighting was controlled by a time switch to give 12 hours continuous light and 12 hours darkness.
The animals were provided with environmental enrichment items which were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.

Test system

Vehicle:
unchanged (no vehicle)
Controls:
other: The left eye remained untreated and was used for control purposes.
Amount / concentration applied:
0.1 mL of the test item, which was found to weigh approximately 76 mg
Duration of treatment / exposure:
Up to 1 hour
Observation period (in vivo):
72 hours
Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
2 rabbits
Details on study design:
Immediately before the start of the test, both eyes of the provisionally selected test rabbits were examined for evidence of ocular irritation or defect with the aid of a light source from a standard ophthalmoscope. Only animals free of ocular damage were used.
Initially, a single rabbit was treated. A subcutaneous injection of buprenorphine 0.01 mg/kg was administered 60 minutes prior to test item application to provide a therapeutic level of systemic analgesia. Five minutes prior to test item application, a pre dose anesthesia of ocular anesthetic (two drops of 0.5% proxymetacaine hydrochloride) was applied to each eye.
A volume of 0.1 mL of the test item, which was found to weigh approximately 76 mg (as measured by gently compacting the required volume into an adapted syringe) was placed into the conjunctival sac of the right eye, formed by gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The upper and lower eyelids were held together for about one second immediately after treatment, to prevent loss of the test item, and then released. The left eye remained untreated and was used for control purposes. Immediately after administration of the test item, an assessment of the initial pain reaction was made according to the six point scale shown in Annex 2.
Eight hours after test item application, a subcutaneous injection of post dose analgesia, buprenorphine 0.01 mg/kg and meloxicam 0.5 mg/kg, was administered to provide a continued therapeutic level of systemic analgesia. The treated animal was checked for signs of pain and suffering approximately 12 hours later. No further analgesia was required.
After consideration of the ocular responses produced in the first treated animal, a second animal was similarly treated.
Assessment of ocular damage/irritation was made approximately 1 hour and 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment, according to the numerical evaluation (Draize, J.H, 1977) given in Annex 3.
Any other ocular effects were also noted. Examination of the eye was facilitated by the use of the light source from a standard ophthalmoscope.
Any clinical signs of toxicity, if present, were also recorded.
Individual body weights were recorded on Day 0 (the day of dosing) and at the end of the observation period.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Resultsopen allclose all
Irritation parameter:
cornea opacity score
Basis:
animal: 75685 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0
Max. score:
4
Reversibility:
other: No effects observed
Irritation parameter:
cornea opacity score
Basis:
animal: 75673 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0
Max. score:
4
Reversibility:
other: No effects observed
Irritation parameter:
iris score
Basis:
animal: 75685 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0.3
Max. score:
2
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 48 hours
Irritation parameter:
iris score
Basis:
animal: 75673 Female
Time point:
other: Mean at 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0
Max. score:
2
Reversibility:
other: No effects observed
Irritation parameter:
other: redness
Basis:
animal: 75685 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0.7
Max. score:
3
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 7 hours
Irritation parameter:
other: redness
Basis:
animal: 75673 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0.7
Max. score:
3
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 72 hours
Irritation parameter:
chemosis score
Basis:
animal: 75685 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0.3
Max. score:
4
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 48 hours
Irritation parameter:
chemosis score
Basis:
animal: 75673 Female
Time point:
other: mean at 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0.3
Max. score:
4
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 48 hours
Irritant / corrosive response data:
Ocular Reactions
Individual and mean scores for ocular irritation are given in Appendix 1.
Blue colored staining of the fur around the treated eye was noted in both animals at all observations.
No corneal or iridial effects were noted during the study.
Moderate conjunctival irritation was noted in both treated eyes 1 hour after treatment with minimal conjunctival irritation noted at the 24 and 48-Hour observations.
Both treated eyes appeared normal at the 72-Hour observation.
Other effects:
Body Weight
Individual body weights and body weight change are given in Appendix 2.
Animals showed body weight loss or no gain in body weight during the study.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Appendix 1     Eye Irritation Scores

Individual Scores for Eye Irritation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conjunctivae

 

Rabbit Number and Sex

IPR

Evaluation interval

Corneal Opacity

Area of Corneal Opacity

Iris

Redness

Chemosis

Discharge

75685Female

0

1 Hour

0

0

0

2

1

1Sf

75673Female

0

 

0

0

0

2

1

2Sf

75685Female

 

24 Hour

0

0

0

1

1

1Sf

75673Female

 

 

0

0

0

1

1

0Sf

75685Female

 

48 Hour

0

0

0

1

0

0Sf

75673Female

 

 

0

0

0

1

0

0Sf

75685Female

 

72 Hour

0

0

0

0

0

0Sf

75673Female

 

 

0

0

0

0

0

0Sf


IPR=Initial pain reaction

Sf =       Blue colored staining of the fur around the treated eye

Mean Values after 24, 48 and 72 Hours

 

 

 

 

Conjunctivae

Rabbit Number
and Sex

Number of available data points

Corneal Opacity

Iris

Redness

Chemosis

75685Female

3

0.0

0.0

0.7

0.3

75673Female

3

0.0

0.0

0.7

0.3

Assessment According to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008

 

 

 

Conjunctivae

Evaluated Intervals

Corneal Opacity

Iris

Redness

Chemosis

24 Hours

Not classified

Not classified

Not classified

Not classified

48 Hours

Not classified

Not classified

Not classified

Not classified

72 Hours

Not classified

Not classified

Not classified

Not classified

Appendix 2     Individual Body Weights and Body Weight Change

 

Individual Body Weight (kg)

 

Rabbit Number
and Sex

Day 0

Day 3

Body Weight Change (kg)

75685Female

2.20

2.20

0.00

75673Female

3.09

3.05

-0.04

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:
other: does not meet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008.
Conclusions:
According to the findings in this study, the test item does not meet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008.
Executive summary:

The primary eye irritation potential of the test item was investigated according to a method compatible with OECD test guideline No. 405 and Method B5. The test item was applied by instillation of 0.1 mL into the right eye of each of two young adult New Zealand White rabbits. Scoring of irritation effects was performed approximately 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after test item instillation. 

The mean score was calculated separately for each animal across three scoring times (24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation) for corneal opacity, iritis, redness and chemosis of the conjunctivae. The individual mean scores for corneal opacity and iritis were 0.0 for both animals. The individual mean scores for the conjunctivae were 0.7 for reddening and 0.3 for chemosis for both animals. 

The instillation of the test item into the eye resulted in conjunctival irritation. These effects were reversible and were no longer evident 72 hours after treatment in both animals (end of the observation period). No abnormal findings were observed in the cornea of any animal at any of the examinations. No corrosion was observed at any of the measuring intervals. No clinical signs of toxicity were observed.

Thus, the test item did not induce significant or irreversible damage to the rabbit eye.

According to the findings in this study, the test item does notmeet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008.