2,2'-[(1-methylethylidene)bis[(2,6-dibromo-4,1-phenylene)oxymethylene]]bisoxirane

Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: short-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 207 (Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

/

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

/

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

- Method of mixing into soil (if used): Test soil was prepared on Day 0 by premixing the appropriate amount of test substance with an aliquot of dry artificial soil (Appendix 3). The soil and test substance were mixed then deionized water was added to the dry artificial soil to achieve a moisture content of approximately 34% by weight. Test soil components were mixed for a total of 25 minutes in order to achieve a homogeneous mixture.

- Controls:Negative control soil was prepared in the same manner as the treated soil but without the addition of test substance and without the initial dry mix step.

Test organisms (species):

Eisenia fetida

Animal group:

annelids

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name:earthworm
- Source: University of Maryland, Queenstown, Maryland
- Age at test initiation (mean and range, SD): clitellate adults
- Weight at test initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.35 (0.35-0.36) g

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 24h
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): conditioned in artificial soil
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed):/

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

artificial soil

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

14 d

Post exposure observation period:

/

Test temperature:

19.3-20.8°C (mean: 20.1 +/- 0.32)

pH:

6.9 +/- 0.07

Moisture:

203 +/- 0.14

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size):one-liter glass beaker
- Amount of soil or substrate:750g
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group:4
- No. of replicates per control:4
- No. of replicates per vehicle control:/

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
The artificial soil was prepared in bulk by blending 70% sand, 20% kaolin clay and 10% spghnum peat

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 24h
- Light intensity: 663 +/- 80.5 lux (range: 512-793)

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- weight at beginning and end
- burrowing behaviour: day 0, 7, 14
- Mortality
- behavioral or pathological signs

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Test concentrations:62.5; 125; 250; 500; 1000 mg/kg dry soil

Nominal and measured concentrations:

62.5; 125; 250; 500; 1000 mg/kg dry soil

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

chloroacetamide

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Details on results:

- Mortality at end of exposure period:no mortalities
- Total mass of adults at beginning of test:
- Changes in body weigth of live adults (% of initial weight) at end of exposure period: no treatment related effects
- No. of offspring produced:/
- No. of unhatched cocoons:/
- Morphological abnormalities:/
- Behavioural abnormalities: normal, except of one earthworm in the 125mg/kg group that had reduced reaction to a mechanical stimulus on Day 7. All earthworms appeared normal on Day 14.
- Other biological observations:/

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? yes
- Relevant effect levels:LC50 = 24.5 mg a.i./kg dry soil
- Other:

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Final body weights and the change in body weight (initial – final) among earthworms in the treatment groups was not statistically significant (p0.05) at any concentration tested when compared to the control group. The final body weights and change values were normally distributed and all body weight data analyzed had homogeneous variances (p < 0.01).

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 14-day LC50 estimation for earthworms exposed to Brominated Epoxy having Epoxy Equivalent of 400 gr/eq in an artificial soil substrate was determined to be greater than 1000 mg/kg dry soil. The no-observed-effect-concentration was 1000 mg/kg dry soil, the highest concentration tested. F-2200 which is the main component (ca. 70%) with the smallest molecular size is considered as worst case scenario. Nevertheless, no toxicity observed up to a level of 1000 mg/kg dry soil.

Executive summary:

TITLE: Brominated Epoxy Having Epoxy Equivalent of 400 gr/eq: An Acute Toxicity Study with the Earthworm in an Artificial Soil Substrate

TEST ORGANISM: Earthworm (Eisenia fetida)

AGE OF TEST ORGANISM: Adult (with clitellum)

NOMINAL TEST CONCENTRATIONS: Negative Control, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil

RESULTS: 14-Day LC50: >1000 mg/kg dry soil.

No Observed Effect Concentration: 1000 mg/kg dry soil, the highest concentration tested

F-2200 which is the main component (ca. 70%) with the smallest molecular size is considered as worst case scenario. Nevertheless, no toxicity observed up to a level of  1000 mg/kg dry soil.

Description of key information

The 14-day LC50 estimation for earthworms exposed to Brominated Epoxy having Epoxy

Equivalent of 400 gr/eq in an artificial soil substrate was determined to be greater than 1000 mg/kg dry soil. The no-observed-effect-concentration was 1000 mg/kg dry soil, the highest concentration tested. F-2200 which is the main component (ca. 70%) with the smallest molecular size is considered as worst case scenario. Nevertheless, no toxicity observed up to a level of  1000 mg/kg dry soil.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for soil macroorganisms:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw