Pivalic acid

Guidance on Safe Use

First-aid measures

Eye contact : Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Check for and remove any contact lenses. Continue to rinse for at least 10 minutes. Get medical attention.

Inhalation : Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. If it is suspected that fumes are still present, the rescuer should wear an appropriate mask or self-contained breathing apparatus. If not breathing, if breathing is irregular or if respiratory arrest occurs, provide artificial respiration or oxygen by trained personnel. It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Get medical attention if adverse health effects persist or are severe. If necessary, call a poison center or physician. If unconscious, place in recovery position and get medical attention immediately. Maintain an open airway. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.

Skin contact : Flush contaminated skin with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Continue to rinse for at least 10 minutes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Clean shoes thoroughly before reuse.

Ingestion : Wash out mouth with water. Remove dentures if any. Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. If material has been swallowed and the exposed person is conscious, give small quantities of water to drink. Stop if the exposed person feels sick as vomiting may be dangerous. Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. If vomiting occurs, the head should be kept low so that vomit does not enter the lungs. Get medical attention. If necessary, call a poison center or physician. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If unconscious, place in recovery position and get medical attention immediately. Maintain an open airway. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.

Protection of first aid personnel : No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. If it is suspected that fumes are still present, the rescuer should wear an appropriate mask or self-contained breathing apparatus. It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed

 Potential acute health effects

Eye contact       :       Causes serious eye irritation.

Inhalation       :       Harmful if inhaled.

Skin contact       :       Causes skin irritation.

Ingestion       :       Harmful if swallowed.

 Over-exposure signs/symptoms

Eye contact       :       Adverse symptoms may include the following:

pain or irritation

watering

redness

Inhalation       :       No specific data.

Skin contact       :       Adverse symptoms may include the following:

irritation

redness

Ingestion       :       No specific data.

4.3 Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed

Notes to physician       :       Treat symptomatically. Contact poison treatment specialist immediately if large quantities have been ingested or inhaled.

Specific treatments       :       No specific treatment.

Fire-fighting measures

Extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media       :       Use water spray or mist, dry chemical, foam or CO2.

Unsuitable extinguishing media       :       Do not use water jet.

Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture

Hazards from the substance or mixture       :       Combustible solid that burns. Fine dust clouds may form explosive mixtures with air.

Hazardous thermal decomposition products       :       Decomposition products may include the following materials:

carbon dioxide

carbon monoxide

Advice for firefighters

Special protective actions for fire-fighters : Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the incident if there is a fire. No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training.

Special protective equipment for fire-fighters : Fire-fighters should wear appropriate protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece operated in positive pressure mode. Clothing for fire-fighters (including helmets, protective boots and gloves) conforming to European standard EN 469 will provide a basic level of protection for chemical incidents.

Additional information : Organic powders when finely divided over a range of concentrations regardless of particulate size or shape and suspended in air or some other oxidizing medium may form explosive dust-air mixtures and result in a fire or dust explosion (including secondary explosions).  The ATEX Directive defines combustible powders as less than 500 microns in diameter.  When processed with flammable liquids/vapors/mists, ignitable (hybrid) mixtures may be formed with combustible dusts.   Ignitable mixtures will increase the rate of explosion pressure rise and the MIE will be lower than the pure dust in air mixture.  The Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) of the vapor/dust mixture will be lower than the individual LELs for the vapors/mists or dusts.  See NFPA 77 for additional guidance.

Accidental release measures

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

For non-emergency personnel       :       No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. Evacuate surrounding areas. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from entering. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Minimize airborne dust and eliminate all fire/ignition sources. Clean up spill as soon as possible using procedures described below. Avoid breathing dust. Provide adequate ventilation. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Put on appropriate personal protective equipment.

For emergency responders       :       If specialised clothing is required to deal with the spillage, take note of any information in Section 8 on suitable and unsuitable materials. See also the information in "For non-emergency personnel".

Environmental precautions       :       Avoid dispersal of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers. Inform the relevant authorities if the product has caused environmental pollution (sewers, waterways, soil or air).

Methods and material for containment and cleaning up

Small spill       :       Move containers from spill area. Do not use air hoses for cleaning. Minimize dry sweeping to avoid generation of dust clouds. Vacuum dust-accumulating surfaces and remove to a chemical disposal area. Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Vacuums with explosion-proof motors should be used. Dispose of via a licensed waste disposal contractor.

Large spill       :       Move containers from spill area. Approach release from upwind. Prevent entry into sewers, water courses, basements or confined areas. Avoid creating dusty conditions and prevent wind dispersal. Do not use air hoses for cleaning. Minimize dry sweeping to avoid generation of dust clouds. Vacuum dust-accumulating surfaces and remove to a chemical disposal area. Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Vacuums with explosion-proof motors should be used. Dispose of via a licensed waste disposal contractor. Note: see section 1 of SDS for emergency contact information and section 13 of SDS for waste disposal.

Handling and storage

Precautions for safe handling

Protective measures       :       Put on appropriate personal protective equipment (see section 8 of SDS).Do not ingest.Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing.Avoid the creation of dust when handling and avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame).Prevent dust accumulation.Use only with adequate ventilation.Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate.Keep in the original container or an approved alternative made from a compatible material, kept tightly closed when not in use.Electrical equipment and lighting should be protected to appropriate standards to prevent dust coming into contact with hot surfaces, sparks or other ignition sources.Take precautionary measures against electrostatic discharges.To avoid fire or explosion, dissipate static electricity during transfer by grounding and bonding containers and equipment before transferring material.Empty containers retain product residue and can be hazardous.Do not reuse container.

COMBUSTIBLE DUST HANDLING PROCEDURES:

Combustible dusts at sufficient concentrations can form explosive mixtures with air.  High dust concentrations should be avoided.  Follow US NFPA Standard 654, "Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids," UK HSE Guidance HSG 103, approved Codes of Practice (ACOPS) established for Explosive Atmospheres under the ATEX Directive 1999/92/EC for worker protection and ATEX Directive 94/9/EC that regulates equipment and protection systems used in potentially explosive atmospheres or other national guidance on safe handling of combustible dusts.  Train workers in the recognition and prevention of hazards associated with combustible dust in the plant.

Minimize airborne dust and eliminate all ignition sources.  Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, and flame.  Establish good housekeeping practices. Remove dust accumulations on a regular basis by vacuuming or gentle sweeping to avoid creating dust clouds.  Use continuous suction at points of dust generation to capture and minimize the accumulation of dusts.  Particular attention should be given to overhead and hidden horizontal surfaces to minimize the probability of a "secondary" explosion. According to NFPA Standard 654, dust layers 1/32 in.(0.8 mm) thick can be sufficient to warrant immediate cleaning of the area.

Control sources of static electricity. This product or the package itself can accumulate static charges, and static discharge can be a source of ignition.  Solids handling systems must be designed in accordance with applicable NFPA standards (including 654 and 77) and other national guidance.  Do not empty directly into flammable solvents or in the presence of flammable vapors.  The operator, the packaging container and all equipment must be grounded with electrical bonding and grounding systems.  Plastic bags and plastics cannot be grounded, and antistatic bags do not completely protect against development of static charges.

Advice on general occupational hygiene       :       Eating, drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where this material is handled, stored and processed. Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking. Remove contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering eating areas. See also Section 8 for additional information on hygiene measures.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Store in accordance with local regulations. Store in a segregated and approved area. Store in original container protected from direct sunlight in a dry, cool and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials (see section 10 of SDS) and food and drink. Eliminate all ignition sources. Separate from oxidizing materials. Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks and flame. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Do not store in unlabeled containers. Use appropriate containment to avoid environmental contamination.

Transport information

Shipping

SpecialProvisions

Shipping

Remarks

Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

Shipping

Remarks

Shipping

Remarks

SpecialProvisions

Exposure controls / personal protection

This substance is handled under Strictly Controlled Conditions in accordance with REACH regulation Article 17(3) for on-site isolated intermediates and, in case the substance is transported to other sites for further processing, the substance should be handled at these sites under the Strictly Controlled Conditions as specified in REACH regulation Article 18(4). Site documentation to support safe handling arrangements including the selection of engineering, administrative and personal protective equipment controls in accordance with risk-based management systems is available at each Manufacturing site.

Written confirmation of application of Strictly Controlled Conditions has been received from every affected Distributor and Downstream Manufacturer/User of the Registrant’s intermediate.