Reaction mass of trisodium 2-(hydroxyphosphinato)succinate and pentasodium 1-(hydroxyphosphinato)butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate

Endpoint summary

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Effects on fertility

Additional information

There is no study available on fertility testing of ITC288 compiling all endpoints required in an OECD 421/422 study. However, effects of ITC288 on estrous cycle, seminology and histopathology of reproductive organs were monitored in a 90 day study via additional evaluations showing no dose response effects for the tested concentration of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg bw/day. The OECD414 study on ITC288 showed no significant effects for the same tested concentration both on maternal parameters and embryo-fetal development. As a conclusion on both endpoints the NOAEL is considered to be 1000 mg/kg bw/ day.

The fertility toxicity (sexual behaviour, survival of pups and post natal development is therefore not directly assessed on ITC288 but a read across approach based on HEDP results, a substance harbouring a comparable physico chemical and a comparable to more severe toxicological profile, is used to demonstrate an absence of significant effects on these two endpoints. Additional information on the Read across strategy is given in chapter 13.

Short description of key information:
No specific studies on reproduction are available. Data on effects on reproductive organs were assessed from the subchronic oral toxicity study (Parr2014) showing no significant effects on seminology, estrous cycle and histopathology of testis and oavaris. A developmental toxicity study (OECD414) was also presenting no effects (Bentz 2014).

The substance registered within this IUCLID dossier EC 701-079-0 is the same substance previous placed on the market as ITC 288/S EC 410-800-5.

Effects on developmental toxicity

Description of key information

The test item, ITC288 (batch No. B288P22E1), was administered by gavage, once daily, from Days 6 to 20 p.c., inclusive, to time-mated female Sprague-Dawley rats at dosages of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day. No effects were observed for these concentration the NOAEL for ITC288 is considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day.
On the basis of the results obtained in the available OECD 414 study:
The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for maternal parameters was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day, based on the absence of adverse effects on the dams at the dose-level.
The NOAEL for embryo-fetal development was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day, based on the absence of adverse effects on the offspring development at the dose-level.

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

developmental toxicity

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From 2014-02-27 to 2014-09-17

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study, OECD 414 compliant

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 414 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.31 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

2013-01-10

Limit test:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Purity of the test material is based on the phosphonate composition, with no direct measure of % sodium. ITC 288 is not the "Reaction mass of tetrasodium-phosphonoethane-1,2-dicarboxylate and hexasodium-phosphonobutane-1,2,3,4--tetracarboxylate" (EC 410-800-5) rather the substance "Reaction mass of trisodium-phosphonoethane-1,2-dicarboxylate and pentasodium-phosphonobutane-1,2,3,4--tetracarboxylate" (EC 701-079-0) as demonstrated by the manufacturing specs reported in Section 1.2, legal entity composition.

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Sprague-Dawley, RjHan: SD (Rats CD®).
- Source: Breeder: Janvier, le Genest-Saint-Isle, France
- Age at study initiation: at the beginning of the treatment period, the animals were 10-11 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: mean body weight of 251 g (range: 196 g to 305 g). The females were sexually mature and primigravid.
- Fasting period before study:
- Housing: The animals were individually housed in polycarbonate cages (Tecniplast 2154, 940 cm2) with stainless steel lids and containing autoclaved sawdust (SICSA, Alfortville, France). Individual housing was chosen in order to not jeopardize the gestation. Each cage contained an object for the environmental enrichment of the animal (rat hut). The cages were placed in numerical order on the racks.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): All animals had free access to SSNIFF R/M-H pelleted maintenance diet, batch No. 6730746 (SSNIFF Spezialdiäten GmbH, Soest, Germany) which was distributed weekly.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): The animals had free access to bottles containing tap water (filtered with a 0.22 μm filter).
- Acclimation period: the animals were acclimated to the conditions of the study for a period of 4 or 5 days before the beginning of the treatment period (arrival of the females on Days 1 or 2 p.c.).

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 ± 2°C
- Humidity (%): 50 ± 20%,
- Air changes (per hr): approximately 12 cycles/hour of filtered, non-recycled air.
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12h/12h

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

other: The vehicle was pH 7.2 sodium phosphate buffer 0.5M prepared using: . sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, batch BCBK7914V, . NaOH 1N, batch Nos. 14020004 and 13090001, . drinking water treated by reverse osmosis using ELIX 5 (Millipore SA).

Details on exposure:

PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
Calculation of correction factor: In this study, the dose-levels of the test item were expressed in terms of active ingredient. To obtain the test item amount to be weighed for dose formulation preparation, the amount of test item expressed in active ingredient was multiplied by a correction factor of 2.54.

Dose formulation preparation
The test item was administered as a solution in the vehicle. The test item was mixed with the required quantity of vehicle.
The test item dose formulations were prepared daily and delivered to the study room at room temperature and protected from light.

VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water):
- Concentration in vehicle:0, 20, 60 and 200 mg/mL (0, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg)
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 5 mL/kg

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

yes

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

The concentrations of the test item in samples of each control and test item dose formulation prepared for use on the first day and last week of treatment were determined.

The analytical method was developed at CiToxLAB France. It consisted of sampling 1 mL of dose formulation and diluting it appropriately with diluent to reach the nominal concentration of injection. The diluted samples were analyzed by Ion Chromatography (IC) with conductivity detection, bracketed by standard solutions and quantified by the mean response factors calculated for the standard solutions.

Results
Concentration of ITC288 in administered dose formulations
Group number Nominal concentrations (mg/mL) Measured concentrations Day 01 Measured concentrations End of treatment
(mg/mL) Bias (%) (mg/mL) Bias (%)
1 0 < 0,1 nc < 0,1 nc
2 20 20,2 1,1 20,4 2,0
3 60 59,2 -1,3 60,4 0,6
4 200 194 -3,0 204 1,9

Details on mating procedure:

The females were mated at the breeder's facilities. The day of confirmed mating (detection of a vaginal plug) was designated as Day 0 p.c..

Duration of treatment / exposure:

The dose formulations were administered daily from Day 6 to Day 20 p.c., inclusive

Frequency of treatment:

Once a day

Duration of test:

14 days

No. of animals per sex per dose:

24 mated females

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale:
The dose-levels were selected in agreement with the Sponsor, following the results of a preliminary prenatal study performed in the same species and strain (CiToxLAB France/Study No. 39997 RSR). In this study, four groups of five time-mated females received the test item as a solution in the vehicle (pH 7.2 sodium phosphate buffer 0.5M) at dose-levels of 100, 300, 750 or 1000 mg/kg/day. There were no significant effects at any dose-level, except transient and non-adverse lower mean body weight gain and mean food consumption at the beginning of the treatment period.

Maternal examinations:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
Morbidity and mortality: Twice a day
Clinical signs
From arrival, each animal was observed once a day as part of the routine examinations. From the start of the treatment period, each animal was observed at least once a day, at approximately the same time, for the recording of clinical signs.

BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: The body weight of each female was recorded on Days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 p.c.

FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study): Yes
- The quantity of food consumed by each female was recorded for the following intervals:
. Days 3-6, 6-9, 9-12, 12-15, 15-18 and 18-21 p.c..

WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study): No
- Time schedule for examinations:

POST-MORTEM EXAMINATIONS: Yes
- Sacrifice on gestation day #21
- Organs examined:
examination of principal thoracic and abdominal organs.
A gross evaluation of placentas

Ovaries and uterine content:

The ovaries and uterus of the females were examined to determine:
. number of corpora lutea,
. number and distribution of dead and live fetuses,
. number and distribution of early and late resorptions,
. number and distribution of uterine scars,
. number and distribution of implantation sites.

The following classification was used to record:
. uterine scar: uterine implantation without implant,
. early resorption: evidence of implant without recognizable embryo,
. late resorption: dead embryo or fetus with external degenerative changes,
. dead fetus: non live fetus with discernible digits.

For apparently non-pregnant females, the presence of implantation scars on the uterus was checked using the ammonium sulphide staining technique (Salewski, 1964).
A gross evaluation of placentas was also undertaken. The placenta weight was also recorded for each live fetus (except of placentas from fetuses No. C24486-5 to C24486-8 which were not found, their dam having started to deliver).

Fetal examinations:

The body weight of each fetus was recorded.

The sex of each fetus was determined at the time of hysterectomy by visual assessment of the anogenital distance and was confirmed by internal examination of sexual organs at detailed dissection of the soft tissues or at evisceration.

External examination
Each fetus was subjected to a detailed external examination, which included the observation of all visible structures, surfaces and orifices.

Soft tissue examination
As soon as possible after sacrifice, approximately half of the fetuses in each litter were subjected to a detailed dissection of the soft tissues, which included the observation of all organs and structures of the neck, thorax and abdomen. The fetuses were then eviscerated and fixed with Harrison's fluid for examination of the structures of the head.

Skeletal examination
The remaining fetuses per litter were eviscerated and fixed with ethyl alcohol. A detailed examination of the skeleton (bones and cartilages) was performed after staining with alizarin red S and alcian blue. This examination included the observation of all bones and cartilage structures of the skull, spine, rib cage, pelvis and limbs.

Photographs
Photographes of fetuses with rare malformations (not considered as raw data) were taken to document findings and kept with the study archives.

Statistics:

Mean values were compared by one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett test (mean values being considered as normally distributed and variances being considered as homogeneous).
Percentage values were compared by Fisher exact probability test (proportions).

Historical control data:

No

Details on maternal toxic effects:

Maternal toxic effects:no effects

Key result

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

ca. 1 000 mg/kg bw/day

Based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect level:

other: maternal toxicity

Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:

Embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:no effects

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

ca. 1 000 mg/kg bw/day

Based on:

other: No effects on offspring developmental

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: no effects on fetal development

Abnormalities:

not specified

Developmental effects observed:

not specified

Body weight (Figures 1 and 2, Tables 2 to 4, Appendices 6 to 8)

Dose-level (mg/kg/day)	0	100	300	1000
Body weight (g)
Day 6p.c.	251	250	252	252
Day 21p.c.	394	383	393	387
		(-3)	(0)	(-2)
Body weight change (g)
Days 6 - 9p.c.	16	15	14	12*
Days 15 -18p.c.	378	32**	37	36
Days 6 - 21p.c.	+143	+133	+141	+135
		(-7)	(-1)	(-6)

Statistically significantvs.controls: *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01; (): percentage differences from controls (%).

(): percentage differences from controls (%).

 

Mean carcass weights and mean net body weight changes

Dose-level (mg/kg/day)	0	100	300	1000
Carcass weight (g)	297.2	294.6	294.0	290.2
Net body weight change from day 6p.c.(g)21p.c.	46.2	44.5	42.4	39.3
		(-4)	(-8)	(-15)

(): percentage differences from controls (%).

 

Gravid uterus weight

Dose-level (mg/kg/day)	0	100	300	1000
Gravid uterus weight (g)	297.2	294.6	294.0	290.2

 

 

Macroscopicpost-mortemexamination

There were no test item-related macroscopic changes at necropsy

 

Hysterectomy data

Dose-level (mg/kg/day)	0	100	300	1000
Number of females with live fetuses at termination	20	24	22	24
Mean number ofcorpora lutea	15.6	14.4	14.9	14.6
Mean number of implantations	13.3	12.9	13.5	13.4
Mean pre-implantation loss (%)	12.7	10.0	9.1	7.7
Mean number of fetuses	12.5	11.5	12.9	12.9
Percentage of dead fetuses (%)	0	0	0	0
Mean number of implantation scars	0	0	0	0
Mean number of early resorptions	0.8	1.3	0.6	0.5
Mean number of late resorptions	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mean number of late resorptions	6.2	11.3	4.4	4.3
Percentage of females affected	50.0	66.7	36.4	37.5

There were no test item-related effects on mean hysterectomy data.

 

Fetal examinations

Dose-level (mg/kg/day)	0	100	300	1000
Mean percentage of male fetuses (%)	49.4	48.4	52.7	48.8
Mean fetal body weight (g), both sexes	5.73	5.59	5.58	5.45**
Variation fetal body weight from control (%)		(-2)	(-3)	(-5)
Mean fetal body weight (g), Males	5.84	5.76	5.71	5.55**
Mean fetal body weight (g), Females	5.61	5.44	5.44	5.35
Mean litter weight^a(g)	71.6	64.2	71.9	69.9
Variation Mean litter weight from control (%)		(-10)	(0)	(-2)
Mean placenta weight (g)	0.58	0.63	0.56	0.60
Mean fetal/placenta weight ratio^a	10.18	9.42	10.20	9.43

Statistically significantvs.controls: **: p<0.01; a: manually calculated, no statistics performed.

(): percentage differences from controls (%).

There were no effects on mean percentage of male fetuses (sex ratio).

There were no effects on mean placenta weight and on mean fetal/placental weight ratio at any dose-level.

External examination

There were no external variations.

Soft tissue examination

There were no soft tissue malformations.

 

Repartition of fetuses and litters with soft tissue variations

 

Dose-level (mg/kg/day)	0	100	300	1000
Number of litters	20	24	22	24
Number of fetuses	119	132	134	145
Dilated renal pelvis, L(F)	3 (3)	2 (3)	4 (4)	2 (3)
Dilated ureter, L(F)		1 (1)	1 (1)	1 (1)
Absent innominate artery, L(F)	1 (1)
Short innominate artery, L(F)			2 (2)
Liver: colored focus, L(F)	1 (1)

L (F): Litter (Fetal) incidences.

There were no test item treatment-related soft tissue variations.

 

Skeletal malformations in litters (fetuses)

 

Dose-level (mg/kg/day)	0	100	300	1000
Number of litters	20	24	22	24
Number of fetuses	131	144	149	164
Thoracic vertebra(e): absent hemicentrum (no cartilage) + fused sternebrae + fused ribs, L(F)		1 (1) (C24423-14)
Lumbar vertebra(e): absent, unossified arches + Sacral vertebrae: absent (no cartilage for the absent vertebrae), L (F)			1 (1) (C24460-5: had also constricted tail at external observation)
Sternoschisis + fused sternebrae, L (F)			1 (1) (C24450-9)
Total fetal skeletal malformations L(F)	0	1 (1)	2 (2)	0
Variations Total fetal skeletal variations, L (F)	19 (64)	23 (74)	19 (76)	19 (56)

L(F): Litter (Fetal) incidences.

One (100 mg/kg/day) and two fetuses (300 mg/kg/day) had multiple variations and malformation of the axial skeleton.

In the absence of dose-related effects and/or similar findings in other groups, a test item treatment-related effect was considered unlikely.

Conclusions:

The test item, ITC288 (batch No. B288P22E1), was administered by gavage, once daily, from Days 6 to 20 p.c., inclusive, to time-mated female Sprague-Dawley rats at dosages of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day.

On the basis of the results obtained in this study:
. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for maternal parameters was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day, based on the absence of adverse effects on the dams at the dose-level.
. The NOAEL for embryo-fetal development was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day, based on the absence of adverse effects on the offspring development at the dose-level.

Executive summary:

Objectives

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential toxic effects of the substance, ITC288, on the pregnant female rat and on embryonic and fetal development, following daily oral administration (gavage) to pregnant female rats from implantation to the day prior to the scheduled hysterectomy (Day 6 to Day 20 post-coitum (p.c.) inclusive) acording to the OECD 414 guideline.

The test item concentrations (100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg expressed as active ingredient) in the administered dose formulations analyzed were within the acceptance criteria.

Dams

At termination on Day 21 p.c., there were 20, 24, 22 and 24 dams with live fetuses at 0, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively.

• There were no premature deaths and no test item treatment-related clinical signs.
• There were no test item treatment-related effects on mean food consumption, mean body weight, mean body weight gain, mean gravid uterus weight and mean hysterectomy data.
• There were no toxicologically relevant effects on mean carcass weight and mean net body weight change. There were no test item treatment-related macroscopic findings at necropsy.

Fetuses

• There were no effects on sex ratio, mean placenta weight and mean fetal/placenta weights ratio. There were no toxicologically significant effects on mean fetal weight.
• There were no test item treatment-related variations or malformations at external, soft tissues and skeletal examinations.

Conclusion

The test item, ITC288 (batch No. B288P22E1), was administered by gavage, once daily, from Days 6 to 20 p.c., inclusive, to time-mated female Sprague-Dawley rats at dosages of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day.

On the basis of the results obtained in this study:

• The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for maternal parameters was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day, based on the absence of adverse effects on the dams at the dose-level.
• The NOAEL for embryo-fetal development was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day, based on the absence of adverse effects on the offspring development at the dose-level.

Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

1 000 mg/kg bw/day

Study duration:

subacute

Species:

rat

Quality of whole database:

One study was generated and this study is considered as realiable K1, following GLP and OECD414 protocol

Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Effect on developmental toxicity: via dermal route

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

One study evaluating the prenatal development endpoint is available. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential toxic effects of the substance, ITC288, on the pregnant female rat and on embryonic and fetal development, following daily oral administration (gavage) to pregnant female rats from implantation to the day prior to the scheduled hysterectomy (Day 6 to Day 20 post-coitum (p.c.) inclusive) acording to the OECD 414 guideline. The test item concentrations tested were 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg expressed as active ingredient. At termination on Day 21 p.c., there were 20, 24, 22 and 24 dams with live fetuses at 0, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively.There were no premature deaths and no test item treatment-related clinical signs, no test item treatment-related effects on mean food consumption, mean body weight, mean body weight gain, mean gravid uterus weight and mean hysterectomy data.There were no toxicologically relevant effects on mean carcass weight and mean net body weight change. There were no test item treatment-related macroscopic findings at necropsy. There were no effects on sex ratio, mean placenta weight and mean fetal/placenta weights ratio. There were no toxicologically significant effects on mean fetal weight. There were no test item treatment-related variations or malformations at external, soft tissues and skeletal examinations.

The test item, ITC288 (batch No. B288P22E1), was administered by gavage, once daily, from Days 6 to 20 p.c., inclusive, to time-mated female Sprague-Dawley rats at dosages of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day. Since no effects were observed for these concentration the NOAEL for ITC288 is considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day

Justification for selection of Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route:
The selected study is considered as realiable K1, following GLP and OECD414 protocol

Justification for classification or non-classification

Fertility:

ITC 288/S is not classified for fertility effects due to absence of identified effects.

Development:

Based on the available OECD 414 data, no effects were identified.

ITC 288/S is considered as not toxic to reproduction, therefore no classification is required according to the EU legislation (Directive 67/548/EEC and CLP regulation (1272/2008).