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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Reference
Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
November 1997 - December 1997
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Remarks:
The study was conducted according to OECD guideline 301 F
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Melting point: no melting point/range (Decomposition at temperatures > 200 °C)
- Boiling point: no boiling point (decomposition before boiling)
- Vapour pressure: <1 * 10-12 hPa at 25°C (calculation)
- Water solubility: 125.76 g/L at 20°C
- log Pow: <-2
- pKa: = 7,00+/-0,04

Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Activated sludge from the municipal sewage treatment plant in Reutlingen
- Pretreatment: washed 2 times with dechlorinated tap water and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 1 minute. 1 9 of the wet centrifugate corresponds to approx. 60 mg suspended solids. Using a flask volume of 250 mL one has to introduce 0,1 9 of the centrifugate per flask (corresponds to 24 mg suspended solids per Iitre).
- Concentration of sludge: 24 mg suspended solids per litre
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
167.7 mg/L
Based on:
other: organic part in test concentration
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
other: ThSB/BSB
Details on study design:
TEST CONDITIONS
- dilution water: Demineralized water is aerated for 1 day with oil-free compressed air. Before usage the water is allowed to stand for 0.5 hours at 20°C. This water is used as dilution water or as mineral water after adding the mineral stock solution.
- mineral water: the following stock solutions were prepared (1 Liter of the medium contains 10 mL of solution 1 and 1 mL of solution 2-4 with dilution water= deionized water):
solution 1: KH2PO4 8.5 g/L
K2HPO4 21.75 g/L
Na2HPO4 * 2H2O 33.4 g/L
NH4CL 0.5 g/L
solution 2: CaCl2 * 2 H2O 27.5 g/L
solution 3: MgSO4 * 7 H2O 22.5 g/L
solution 4: FeCl3 * 6 H2O 0.25 g/L

- Test temperature: 22 +/- 2°C
- pH: The pH in the flasks 1-2 was at 7.3 at the beginning of the test. The pH was not corrected. At the end of the test the PH was at 7.6 .
- pH adjusted: no
- Aeration of dilution water: aerated for 1 day with oil-free compressed air.

TEST ARTICLE:
The test article is a weil soluble powder with strongly reducing properties.This would lead to strong abiotic oxygen demand compared to the BOD. Therefore the tests solutions were made up in the test flasks and were allowed to oxidise under controlled conditions. This pre-oxidation, which probably happened also while weighing the test article into the test flasks (contact with air), was carried out without inoculum. A total amount of 300 mg/L results in 167,7 mg/L organic rest. After 10 days of incubation, the parallel flasks with test article show a beginning deviation in the
BOD, which grew to 60 % deViation by the end of incubation (desired value: <= 20 %). The biodegradation rate in the flask with the higher values would be > 110 %, which is probably due to a leak in the system. For the test article reduces HgCl2 the sterilisation was carried out with SodiumAzid
(NaN3).

TEST SYSTEM
- Number of culture flasks/concentration:
Flasks:
1 Test artlcle in mineral medium + inoculum
2 Test artlcle in mineral medium + inoculum
3 Mineral medium + inoculum (blank)
4 Mineral medium + inoculum (blank)
5 Reference substance in mineral medium + inoculum
6 Test article in dilution water, sterilised with 6 mL NaN3/L medium (C NaN3 = 10 g/L; abiotic control)

- Method used to create aerobic conditions: electrolytic oxygen supply
- Measuring equipment: BOD-digi (J.Otto GmbH), electrolytic oxygen supply with automatic data registration and temperature regulation.
- Test performed in closed system with elecroltytic oxygen supply an automatic data registration


STATISTICAL METHODS:
Calculation: the oxygen uptake (mg) by the test article at a defined time (corrected for blank values at the same time) has to be devided by the amount of the test article
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Remarks:
c = 100 mg/L
Preliminary study:
no preliminary study was performed.
Test performance:
no unusual observations during test, no other information affecting results.
Parameter:
other: BOD
Value:
70.9
Sampling time:
28 d
Parameter:
BOD5*100/COD
Value:
79.9 other: %
Results with reference substance:
test concentration: 100 mg/L
Theoretical Oxygen demand (ThOD): 1.67 mgO2/mg substance
ThOD in flask 5: 167 mgO2/L
BOD in flask 5 after 28 days: 1.52 mgO2/mg substance or
Biodegradation after 14 Days (88.4%) and after 28 days (90.8%)

Assuming that the sulphur-proportion is transferred to the highest oxidation-level in the pre-treatment phase, and that in the biotic treatment the organic carbon-proportion is transferred to CO2 and the hydrogen-proportion, to H20, the application of 300 mg/L of the technical product leads to an organic proportion of 167,7 mg/L (considering the chemical formula, defined by the study sponsor). This organic proportion leads to a ThOD of 40,2 mg/L In the biotic treatment according to·the Manometric Respiration

Test (OECD 301 F) 70,9 % of this ThOD are consumed after 28 days.

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
The organic proportion of the substance is readily biodegradable.
Executive summary:

The organic proportion of the substance is 71% biodegradable in the Manometric Respiration test during 28 days.

The organic proportion of the tsubstance is readily biodegradable.

Description of key information

The organic proportion of the substance is 71% biodegradable according to OECD 301 F (Manometric Respiration test, during 28 days).
The organic proportion of the test substance is readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
readily biodegradable

Additional information