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EC number: 277-040-2 | CAS number: 72927-99-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1992
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Method B-21
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not available
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- Not available
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- Not available
- Test organisms (species):
- other:
- Details on inoculum:
- Not available
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- No data
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not available
- Hardness:
- Not available
- Test temperature:
- 22.2 °C
- pH:
- 6.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not available
- Salinity:
- Not available
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Not available
- Details on test conditions:
- Not available
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 320 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: non toxic
- Details on results:
- No data
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- 3,5-Dichlorophenol IC50 (3 h) = 11.0 mg/L
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- IC50 : >320 mg/L
- Executive summary:
IC50 : >320 mg/L
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1984
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not available
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- Not available
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- Not available
- Test organisms (species):
- other:
- Details on inoculum:
- Not available
- Test type:
- other: Suspension test
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- No data
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not available
- Hardness:
- Not available
- Test temperature:
- Not available
- pH:
- Not available
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not available
- Salinity:
- Not available
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Not available
- Details on test conditions:
- Not available
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- other: BST
- Effect conc.:
- > 300 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: non toxic
- Details on results:
- No data
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No data
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Toxicity to activated sludge: > 300 mg/L
- Executive summary:
Toxicity to activated sludge: > 300 mg/L
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1992
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Guidelines followed
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- Not available
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- Not available
- Test organisms (species):
- other:
- Details on inoculum:
- Not available
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- No data
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not available
- Hardness:
- Not available
- Test temperature:
- Not available
- pH:
- Not available
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not available
- Salinity:
- Not available
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Not available
- Details on test conditions:
- Not available
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 320 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: non toxic
- Details on results:
- No data
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not available
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- IC50 : > 320 mg/L
- Executive summary:
IC50 : > 320 mg/L
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1975
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not available
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- No data
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- No data
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- Bacteria:
Bacteria used have to be isolated from sewage sludge. The original German document provided as an annex to this paper lists a number of gram positive and gram negative bacteria that need to be screened.
Bacterial pre-cultures:
Once per week a pre-culture is prepared taking one inoculation loop of bacteria from an agar plate (BHI-agar) to be cultivated in Nutrient-Broth medium. Each day one inoculation loop from this pre-culture is used to inoculate 5 ml of Nutrient-Broth which is then cultured at 22 °C.
Active sewage sludge or activated sludge:
This is taken from the aerated compartment of an Husmann apparatus and has to be prepared freshly on a weekly basis. - Test type:
- other: suspension test
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- No data
- Post exposure observation period:
- No data
- Hardness:
- No data
- Test temperature:
- 25 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- No data
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No data
- Salinity:
- No data
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- No data
- Details on test conditions:
- Suspension Test:
Test tubes are inoculated with one drop of the bacteria sewage sludge suspension and incubated for 12-24 hours at 25 ± 2 °C in an incubator
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
Tested are 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 ppm of a test substance. In special cases 1, 3.2, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 ppm are used (as indicated in the short report). A dilution scheme is attached to the original German version of the method description. 0.2 ml of the dilution is mixed with 15 ml of liquid nutrient agar (tempered to 45 °C) and plated on sterile petri dishes (agar incorporation test). Solvent and growth controls have to be used in parallel. In case of the suspension test 0.1 ml of dilutions are mixed with 4.5 ml of Nutrient broth in a test tube. - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: BST
- Effect conc.:
- > 300 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Details on results:
- No data
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No data
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- BST >300 mg/l
- Executive summary:
BST >300 mg/l
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1982
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not available
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- No data
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- No data
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- Bacteria:
Bacteria used have to be isolated from sewage sludge. The original German document provided as an annex to this paper lists a number of gram positive and gram negative bacteria that need to be screened.
Bacterial pre-cultures:
Once per week a pre-culture is prepared taking one inoculation loop of bacteria from an agar plate (BHI-agar) to be cultivated in Nutrient-Broth medium. Each day one inoculation loop from this pre-culture is used to inoculate 5 ml of Nutrient-Broth which is then cultured at 22 °C.
Active sewage sludge or activated sludge:
This is taken from the aerated compartment of an Husmann apparatus and has to be prepared freshly on a weekly basis. - Test type:
- other: suspension test
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- No data
- Post exposure observation period:
- No data
- Hardness:
- No data
- Test temperature:
- 25 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- No data
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No data
- Salinity:
- No data
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- No data
- Details on test conditions:
- Suspension Test:
Test tubes are inoculated with one drop of the bacteria sewage sludge suspension and incubated for 12-24 hours at 25 ± 2 °C in an incubator
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
Tested are 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 ppm of a test substance. In special cases 1, 3.2, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 ppm are used (as indicated in the short report). A dilution scheme is attached to the original German version of the method description. 0.2 ml of the dilution is mixed with 15 ml of liquid nutrient agar (tempered to 45 °C) and plated on sterile petri dishes (agar incorporation test). Solvent and growth controls have to be used in parallel. In case of the suspension test 0.1 ml of dilutions are mixed with 4.5 ml of Nutrient broth in a test tube. - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: BST
- Effect conc.:
- > 300 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Details on results:
- No data
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No data
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- BST >300 mg/l
- Executive summary:
BST >300 mg/l
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1983
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Method B-10
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- No data
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- No data
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- Bacteria:
Bacteria used have to be isolated from sewage sludge. The original German document provided as an annex to this paper lists a number of gram positive and gram negative bacteria that need to be screened.
Bacterial pre-cultures:
Once per week a pre-culture is prepared taking one inoculation loop of bacteria from an agar plate (BHI-agar) to be cultivated in Nutrient-Broth medium. Each day one inoculation loop from this pre-culture is used to inoculate 5 ml of Nutrient-Broth which is then cultured at 22 °C.
Active sewage sludge or activated sludge:
This is taken from the aerated compartment of an Husmann apparatus and has to be prepared freshly on a weekly basis. - Test type:
- other: suspension test
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- No data
- Post exposure observation period:
- No data
- Hardness:
- No data
- Test temperature:
- 25 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- No data
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No data
- Salinity:
- No data
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- No data
- Details on test conditions:
- Suspension Test:
Test tubes are inoculated with one drop of the bacteria sewage sludge suspension and incubated for 12-24 hours at 25 ± 2 °C in an incubator
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
Tested are 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 ppm of a test substance. In special cases 1, 3.2, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 ppm are used (as indicated in the short report). A dilution scheme is attached to the original German version of the method description. 0.2 ml of the dilution is mixed with 15 ml of liquid nutrient agar (tempered to 45 °C) and plated on sterile petri dishes (agar incorporation test). Solvent and growth controls have to be used in parallel. In case of the suspension test 0.1 ml of dilutions are mixed with 4.5 ml of Nutrient broth in a test tube. - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: BST
- Effect conc.:
- > 300 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Details on results:
- No data
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No data
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- BST >300 mg/l
- Executive summary:
BST >300 mg/l
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1984
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Method B-10
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not available
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- No data
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- No data
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- Bacteria:
Bacteria used have to be isolated from sewage sludge. The original German document provided as an annex to this paper lists a number of gram positive and gram negative bacteria that need to be screened.
Bacterial pre-cultures:
Once per week a pre-culture is prepared taking one inoculation loop of bacteria from an agar plate (BHI-agar) to be cultivated in Nutrient-Broth medium. Each day one inoculation loop from this pre-culture is used to inoculate 5 ml of Nutrient-Broth which is then cultured at 22 °C.
Active sewage sludge or activated sludge:
This is taken from the aerated compartment of an Husmann apparatus and has to be prepared freshly on a weekly basis. - Test type:
- other: suspension test
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- No data
- Post exposure observation period:
- No data
- Hardness:
- No data
- Test temperature:
- 25 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- No data
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No data
- Salinity:
- No data
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- No data
- Details on test conditions:
- Suspension Test:
Test tubes are inoculated with one drop of the bacteria sewage sludge suspension and incubated for 12-24 hours at 25 ± 2 °C in an incubator
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
Tested are 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 ppm of a test substance. In special cases 1, 3.2, 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 ppm are used (as indicated in the short report). A dilution scheme is attached to the original German version of the method description. 0.2 ml of the dilution is mixed with 15 ml of liquid nutrient agar (tempered to 45 °C) and plated on sterile petri dishes (agar incorporation test). Solvent and growth controls have to be used in parallel. In case of the suspension test 0.1 ml of dilutions are mixed with 4.5 ml of Nutrient broth in a test tube. - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: BST
- Effect conc.:
- > 300 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Details on results:
- No data
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No data
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No data
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- BST >300 mg/l
- Executive summary:
BST >300 mg/l
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
This read-across is based on the hypothesis that the source and the target substance have very similar physicochemical and (eco)toxicological properties because their chemical structures are nearly identical. An analogue approach has thus been employed. The target substance is the meta-isomer of the dye Reactive Blue 049, where the sulphonate group is bound at the meta-position of the aminobenzene moiety. The source chemical is the reaction mass of both the meta-isomer and the para-isomer of Reactive Blue 049.
The presence of sulphonate groups make both dyes highly water soluble and therefore less critical for human health and environmental issues. Based on their chemical similarity, similar properties are expected in both humans and the environment.
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S)
Source: Reactive Blue 49 meta/para (CAS# 72214-18-7 / EC# 276-481-8)
Target: Reactive Blue 49 meta (CAS# 72927-99-2 / EC# 277-040-2)
3. ANALOGUE APPROACH JUSTIFICATION
see attachment under 4.2 Melting point / freezing point - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 300 mg/L
- Conclusions:
- The weight-of-evidence approach used for the source substance describes seven internal Huntsman studies. Only basic data is given. The reported BST is the lowest concentration which clearly inhibits bacterial growth, based on visible opacity of the test after 24 hours.
solution. In five studies, the BST is reported to be >300 mg/L. In the two other studies, the 3h-IC50 is reported to be >320 mg/L.
The structurally related target substance will show the same behaviour and therefore it can be anticipated that the IC50 will be >300 mg/L
Referenceopen allclose all
None
None
None
No data
No data
No data
No data
Description of key information
IC50 > 300 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 300 mg/L
Additional information
The weight-of-evidence approach used for the source substance describes seven internal Huntsman studies. Only basic data is given. The reported BST is the lowest concentration which clearly inhibits bacterial growth, based on visible opacity of the test
solution after 24 hours. In five studies, the BST is reported to be >300 mg/L. In the two other studies, the 3h-IC50 is reported to be >320 mg/L.
The structurally related target substance will show the same behaviour and therefore it can be anticipated that the IC50 will be >300 mg/L.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.