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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Justification for type of information:
REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH

1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
This read-across is based on the hypothesis that the source and the target substance have very similar physicochemical and (eco)toxicological properties because their chemical structures are nearly identical. An analogue approach has thus been employed. The target substance is the meta-isomer of the dye Reactive Blue 049, where the sulphonate group is bound at the meta-position of the aminobenzene moiety. The source chemical is the reaction mass of both the meta-isomer and the para-isomer of Reactive Blue 049.
The presence of sulphonate groups make both dyes highly water soluble and therefore less critical for human health and environmental issues. Based on their chemical similarity, similar properties are expected in both humans and the environment.

2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S)
Source: Reactive Blue 49 meta/para (CAS# 72214-18-7 / EC# 276-481-8)
Target: Reactive Blue 49 meta (CAS# 72927-99-2 / EC# 277-040-2)

3. ANALOGUE APPROACH JUSTIFICATION
see attachment under 4.2 Melting point / freezing point
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Parameter:
% degradation (DOC removal)
Value:
19
Sampling time:
28 d
Parameter:
COD
Value:
905 mg O2/g test mat.
Parameter:
BOD5
Value:
12 mg O2/g test mat.
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
Percent biodegradation after 28 days: 19% for the structural analogue, COD: 905 mg O2/g and BOD5: 12 mg O2/g read-across substance. Not inherently or readily biodegradable.
Executive summary:

Percent biodegradation after 28 days: 19% for the structural analogue, COD: 905 mg O2/g and BOD5: 12 mg O2/g read-across substance. Read-across substance is neither inherently nor readily biodegradable. The structurally related target substance will show similar behaviour.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
1992
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)
Deviations:
no
Principles of method if other than guideline:
guidelines followed
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Not available
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
153 mg/L
Based on:
DOC
Details on study design:
Not available
Preliminary study:
Not available
Test performance:
Not available
Parameter:
% degradation (DOC removal)
Value:
19
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
Not available
Results with reference substance:
Not available

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:
no
Interpretation of results:
not inherently biodegradable
Conclusions:
Percent biodegradation after 28 days : 19%
Executive summary:

Percent biodegradation after 28 days : 19 %

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
1992
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Basic data given, acceptable for assessment
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.9 (Biodegradation: Zahn-Wellens Test)
Deviations:
no
Principles of method if other than guideline:
guidelines followed
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None
Oxygen conditions:
not specified
Inoculum or test system:
not specified
Details on inoculum:
Not available
Details on study design:
Not available
Preliminary study:
Not available
Test performance:
Not available
Parameter:
other: COD
Remarks on result:
not measured/tested
Remarks:
This test was used to determine the COD.
Details on results:
Not available
Parameter:
COD
Value:
905 mg O2/g test mat.
Results with reference substance:
Not available

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:
no
Interpretation of results:
not inherently biodegradable
Conclusions:
COD: 905 mg O2/g test mat.
Executive summary:

COD : 905 mg O2/g test mat.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
1992
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Data from handbook or collection of data.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: EG C.8
Deviations:
no
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Other guideline followed
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Not available
Details on study design:
Not available
Preliminary study:
Not available
Test performance:
Not available
Parameter:
other: BOD5
Remarks on result:
not measured/tested
Remarks:
This test was used to determine the BOD5.
Details on results:
Not available
Parameter:
BOD5
Value:
12 mg O2/g test mat.
Results with reference substance:
Not available

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:
no
Interpretation of results:
other: not readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
BOD5 (5d) : 12mg/02 g
Executive summary:

BOD5 (5d) : 12mg/02 g

Description of key information

The substance is a reactive dye and as such the substance should not be considered to be biodegradable at all.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

The target substance is a reactive dye and as such the substance should not be considered to be biodegradable at all. The weight-of-evidence approach describes experimental techniques and results obtained in inherent biodegradation studies of the structural analogue substance. The most reliable study was performed according to OECD Guideline for testing chemicals No.302B, inherent biodegradation of the read-across substance after 28 d was 18.9 %, confirming that the substance should not be considered as inherently or readily biodegradable under the conditions of this test. In addition determination of BOD and COD values and calculation of the BOD5/COD quotient resulted in a value close to zero. Based on this estimation the read-across substance is regarded to be not biodegradable at all. Therefore, the target substance is also considered to be not biodegradable what is expected for a reactive dye.