Alcohols, C12-14

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

QSAR prediction: US EPA accepted QSAR method for chemicals properties assessment.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: QSAR

Principles of method if other than guideline:

EPI Suite v 4.1/ECOSARv1.00

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

not applicable to QSAR models

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

other: Fishes species

Details on test organisms:

no further information

Test type:

other: QSAR model

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

not applicable. QSAR model

Test temperature:

not applicable. QSAR model

pH:

not applicable. QSAR model

Dissolved oxygen:

not applicable. QSAR model

Salinity:

not applicable. QSAR model

Details on test conditions:

CAS Number:80206-82-2
SMILES : CCCCCCCCCCCCO
CHEM : Alcohols, C12-14
MOL FOR: C12 H26 O1
MOL WT : 186.34
Log Kow: 4.77 (KowWin estimate)
Wat Sol: 4 mg/L (experimental database)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

0.525 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: (Q)SAR prediction

Remarks on result:

other: non-toxic at the limit of solubility, as determined by (Q)SAR

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

131.25 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: (Q)SAR prediction

Remarks on result:

other: Predicted, at an water solubility loading rates of 1000 mg/L

Details on results:

A 96 h LC50 value of 0.525 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance on the mortality of the fish taxonomic group. This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.
A reliable 96 h LC50 value of 131.25 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance towards fish taxonomic group.Therefore the test substance has been predicted to be non toxic at the limit of solubility, so the LC50 is 0.525 mg/L. Predicted to be non-toxic at the limit of solubility.
The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database).This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

A 96 h LC50 value of 0.525 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance on the mortality of the fish taxonomic group. This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

US EPA accepted QSAR method for chemicals properties assessment.

Conclusions:

A 96 h LC50 value of 0.525 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance on the mortality of the fish taxonomic group. This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.
A reliable 96 h LC50 value of 131.25 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance towards fish taxonomic group.Therefore the test substance has been predicted to be non toxic at the limit of solubility, so the LC50 is 0.525 mg/L. Predicted to be non-toxic at the limit of solubility.
The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database).This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.

Executive summary:

The ECOSAR QSAR model predicts that the 96hr LC50 for freshwater fish would to be 0.525 mg/l .This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS. The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database). This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

QSAR prediction: US EPA accepted QSAR method for chemicals properties assessment.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: QSAR

Principles of method if other than guideline:

EPI Suite v 4.1/ECOSARv1.00

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

not applicable to QSAR models

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

other: Fishes species

Details on test organisms:

no further information

Test type:

other: QSAR model

Water media type:

saltwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

not applicable. QSAR model

Test temperature:

not applicable. QSAR model

pH:

not applicable. QSAR model

Dissolved oxygen:

not applicable. QSAR model

Salinity:

not applicable. QSAR model

Details on test conditions:

CAS Number:80206-82-2
SMILES : CCCCCCCCCCCCO
CHEM : Alcohols, C12-14
MOL FOR: C12 H26 O1
MOL WT : 186.34
Log Kow: 4.77 (KowWin estimate)
Wat Sol: 4 mg/L (experimental database)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

0.591 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: (Q)SAR prediction

Remarks on result:

other: non-toxic at the limit of solubility, as determined by (Q)SAR

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

147.75 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: (Q)SAR prediction

Remarks on result:

other: Predicted, at an water solubility loading rates of 1000 mg/L

Details on results:

A 96 h LC50 value of 0.591 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance on the mortality of the fish taxonomic group. This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.
A reliable 96 h LC50 value of 147.75 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance towards fish taxonomic group.Therefore the test substance has been predicted to be non toxic at the limit of solubility, so the LC50 is 0.591 mg/L. Predicted to be non-toxic at the limit of solubility.
The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database).This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

A 96 h LC50 value of 0.591 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance on the mortality of the fish taxonomic group. This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

US EPA accepted QSAR method for chemicals properties assessment.

Conclusions:

A 96 h LC50 value of 0.591 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance on the mortality of the fish taxonomic group. This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.
A reliable 96 h LC50 value of 147.75 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance towards fish taxonomic group.Therefore the test substance has been predicted to be non toxic at the limit of solubility, so the LC50 is 0.591 mg/L. Predicted to be non-toxic at the limit of solubility.
The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database).This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.

Executive summary:

The ECOSAR QSAR model predicts that the 96hr LC50 for marinewater fish would to be 0.591 mg/l .This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS. The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database). This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge; bioassays (group L); determination of the effect of substances in water on fish-fish test (L15). Test method corresponds to OECD Guideline 203.

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus

Details on test organisms:

Species: Leuciscus idus (Fish, fresh water)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

none reported

Test temperature:

21.4 - 23.8C

pH:

pH mean: 6.6-7.5

Dissolved oxygen:

65-100% saturation

Salinity:

Not Applicable

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Concentrations: 0, 3000, 5000, 10000 mg/l
Renewal of test solution: daily
Exposure vessel type: 5 L aquarium

Details on test conditions:

Number of replicates: 1
Fish per replicate: 10
Test temperature: 21.4 - 23.8C
Dissolved oxygen: 65-100% saturation
pH mean: 6.6-7.5
Adjustment of pH: not reported
Photoperiod: not reported
DURATION OF THE TEST: 48 h
TEST PARAMETER: mortality

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 5 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: non-toxic at the limit of solubility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

3 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

> 10 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

RESULTS: EXPOSED
LC0 = 3000 mg/l
LC50 > 5000 mg/l
LC100 > 10000 mg/l
Based on nominal concentrations
RESULTS: CONTROL
Number/% showing adverse effects: Not reported

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

A 48 h LC50 >5000 mg/L has been determined for the effects of Alcohols, C12-14 on the mortality of the freshwater fish Leuciscus idus . However this result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.

Executive summary:

A 48 h LC50 >5000 mg/L has been determined for the effects of Alcohols, C12-14 on the mortality of the freshwater fish Leuciscus idus . However this result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

other: published data

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM

- Common name: rainbow trout

- Strain: Oncorhynchus mykiss

- Source: Donnington fish Farm, Upper Swell, Gloucestershire, UK

- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 4.5 cm (SD = 0.2)

- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 1.2 g (SD = 0.26)

- Feeding during test: no the animals were starved from 24 h prior to the study initiation


ACCLIMATION

- Acclimation period: 7 days

- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): yes

- Type and amount of food: commercial trout pellets

- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): 2% mortality

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

none reported

Hardness:

none reported

Test temperature:

none reported

pH:

range: 7.4-7.9

Dissolved oxygen:

none reported

Salinity:

Not Applicable

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: non-toxic at the limit of solubility

Details on results:

Five acute toxicity tests were conducted with hexadecanol using four different preparation methods. None of the tests resulted in significant mortality due to the action of hexadecanol. Although the deaths in the control (typicaly 10-30%) complicate the interpretation, the data demonstrate that the 96 hour LC50 was greater than the highest concentration tested (10 mg/L). This is about 1000 times the water solubility of hexadecanol.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

A 96 h LC50 >10 mg/L has been determined for the effects of hexadecanol on the mortality of the freshwater fish Brachydanio rerio (new name: Danio rerio). However this result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.

Executive summary:

Five acute toxicity tests were conducted with hexadecanol using four different preparation methods. None of the tests resulted in significant mortality due to the action of hexadecanol. Although the deaths in the control (typicaly 10-30%) complicate the interpretation, the data demonstrate that the 96 hour LC50 was greater than the highest concentration tested (10 mg/L). This is about 1000 times the water solubility of hexadecanol.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

other: published data

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

Dodecan-1-ol (C12) is supporting substance for Alcohols,C12-C14 and the main component.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: US EPA 1975

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Sampling method: Concentrations of chemicals in water were measured in each tank throughout the test in all exposure treatments, although analysis details (methods and results) were not reported.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION

- Method: the test substance was tested at a level below the limit of solubility, no details on the method of dispersion were provided

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM

- Common name: fathead minnow

- Source: Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth culture

- Age at study initiation (mean): 30d

- Weight at study initiation (mean): 0.12 g

- Feeding during test: none


ACCLIMATION

- Acclimation period: not reported

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

None

Hardness:

56.3 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

25 ± 1°C

pH:

7.5

Dissolved oxygen:

>60%

Salinity:

N.A.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Five concentrations were tested in order to obtain 0 to 100% mortality, the values were not reported.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM

- Type of flow-through: proportional diluter

- No. of organisms per vessel: <30 fish per concentration

- No. of vessels per control: 2

- No. of vessels per concentration: 2


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS

- Source/preparation of dilution water: Lake Superior

- Alkalinity: 42.2 mg/L

- Intervals of water quality measurement: daily


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality was recorded at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96h

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

1.01 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

not specified

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: non-toxic at the limit of solubility

Details on results:

- Mortality of control: The mortality values in the control are not reported; however fish mortalities were monitored daily.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The LC50 was calculated using the trimmed Spearman-Karber method (Hamilton et al. 1977) on a PDP-11/70 computer.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

A reliable 96h LC50 of 1.01 mg/L has been determined for the effects of the test substance on mortality of the fish Pimephales promelas.This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.
Dodecan-1-ol (C12) is supporting substance for Alcohols,C12-C14 and the main component.

Executive summary:

A reliable 96h LC50 of 1.01 mg/L has been determined for the effects of the test substance on mortality of the fish Pimephales promelas.This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.

Dodecan-1-ol (C12) is supporting substance for Alcohols,C12-C14 and the main component.

Description of key information

A reliable 96 h LC50 value of 131.25 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance towards freshwater fish taxonomic group.Therefore the test substance has been predicted to be non toxic at the limit of solubility, so the LC50 is 0.525 mg/L. Predicted to be non-toxic at the limit of solubility. This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.
The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l  at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database).This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.
A reliable 96 h LC50 value of 147.75 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance towards fish taxonomic group.Therefore the test substance has been predicted to be non toxic at the limit of solubility, so the LC50 is 0.591 mg/L. Predicted to be non-toxic at the limit of solubility.
This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.
The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l  at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database).This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.
A reliable 48 h LC50 >5000 mg/L has been determined for the effects of Alcohols, C12-14 on the mortality of the freshwater fish Leuciscus idus . However this result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

131.25 mg/L

Marine water fish

Marine water fish

Effect concentration:

147.75 mg/L

Additional information

A reliable 96 h LC50 value of 131.25 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance towards freshwater fish taxonomic group.Therefore the test substance has been predicted to be non toxic at the limit of solubility, so the LC50 is 0.525 mg/L. Predicted to be non-toxic at the limit of solubility. This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.

The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database).This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.

A reliable 96 h LC50 value of 147.75 mg/L has been calculated for the effects of the test substance towards fish taxonomic group.Therefore the test substance has been predicted to be non toxic at the limit of solubility, so the LC50 is 0.591 mg/L. Predicted to be non-toxic at the limit of solubility.

This result signifies that the test substance is not expected to be toxic at the limit of solubility.This result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.

The water solubility of the Alcohols, C12-14 is 4.0 mg/l at 1000 mg/L loading rate at 25 degC (experimental database).This is about 250 times the water solubility of the test substance.

A reliable 48 h LC50 >5000 mg/L has been determined for the effects of Alcohols, C12-14 on the mortality of the freshwater fish Leuciscus idus . However this result is above the LoS (limit of solubility), therefore the substance is non-toxic at the limit of LoS and LC50 is >LoS.