Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 231-850-2 | CAS number: 7759-02-6
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
A reliable, nominal 48h-EC50 of 125 mg Sr/L has been reported by Biesinger and Christensen (1972), using the cladoceran Daphnia magna as test organism.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 262 mg/L
Additional information
Read-across statement:
In the aqueous and terrestrial environment, strontium sulfate dissolves in (pore) water releasing strontium cations and sulfate anions.
Sulfate:Sulfates are of low environmental toxicity (OECD SIDS for Na2SO4) as sulfate is essential to all living organisms and their intracellular and extracellular concentrations are actively regulated.
Strontium: No or few ecotoxicological data are available for strontium sulfate itself. For the assessment of the environmental fate and behaviour of strontium substances, a read-across approach is applied based on all information available for inorganic strontium compounds. This is based on the common assumption that after emission of metal compounds into the environment, the moiety of toxicological concern is the potentially bioavailable metal ion (i.e., Sr2+).This assumption is considered valid as the ecotoxicity is only affected by the strontium-ion and not by the counter (sulfate) ion.The speciation and chemistry of strontium is rather simple.
As reactive electropositive metal, strontium is easily oxidized to the stable and colourless Sr2+ion in most of its compounds, the chemical behaviour resembling that of calcium and/or barium (Wennig and Kirsch, 1988). In the environment, the element only occurs in one valence state (Sr2+), does not form strong organic or inorganic complexes and is commonly present in solution as Sr2+(Lollar, 2005). Consequently, the transport, fate, and toxicity of strontium in the environment are largely controlled by solubility of different Sr-salts (e. g., SrCO3, Sr(NO3)2, SrSO4, …).
These findings are sufficient justification for the implementation of a read-across strategy with ecotoxicity results obtained in tests that were conducted with different strontium compounds that generate free Sr2+-ions in solution, and this for all relevant environmental endpoints that were considered.
In sum, the environmental hazard assessment is based on strontium.
References:Wennig, R.; Kirsch, N. (1988): Chapter 57 Strontium, In: Seiler, U. G. et al.(eds), Handb. Tox. Inorg. Comp. NY, 631-638
Summary: The reported 48h-EC50 of 125 mg Sr/L by Biesinger and Christensen (1972) for Daphnia magna is based on nominal test concentrations, using the soluble SrCl2 as test substance. The followed test procedure in this 1972 -study was well described and test conditions (e.g., test medium composition) were properly identified. Re-calculation from strontium to strontium sulfate resulted in an EC50 (48h) 262.0 mg SrSO4/L.
No reliable data were identified for the marine compartment.
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