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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 500-204-4 | CAS number: 68334-05-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well documented publication which meets basic scientific principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The percutaneous absorption of some anionic surfactants
- Author:
- Howes, D.
- Year:
- 1 975
- Bibliographic source:
- J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 26:47-63
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- In vitro penetration study of several fatty acids through rat skin.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Decanoic acid
- EC Number:
- 206-376-4
- EC Name:
- Decanoic acid
- Cas Number:
- 334-48-5
- IUPAC Name:
- decanoic acid
- Reference substance name:
- dodecanoic acid
- IUPAC Name:
- dodecanoic acid
- Reference substance name:
- tetradecanoic acid
- IUPAC Name:
- tetradecanoic acid
- Reference substance name:
- hexadecanoic acid
- IUPAC Name:
- hexadecanoic acid
- Reference substance name:
- octadecanoic acid
- IUPAC Name:
- octadecanoic acid
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Constituent 3
Constituent 4
Constituent 5
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 100-120 g
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- open
- Vehicle:
- other: The test materials were applied as soap solutions (sodium salts).
- Duration of exposure:
- 24 h
- Doses:
- - Nominal doses: 300 µg C10:0, 325 µg C12:0, 375 µg C14:0, 425 µg C16:0 and 450 µg C18:0/4.9 cm² skin
- Dose volume: 0.051 ml/cm² - No. of animals per group:
- not specified
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on in vitro test system (if applicable):
- SKIN PREPARATION
- Source of skin: rat dorsal skin
- Type of skin: full thickness skin
- Preparative technique: Dorsal skin was clipped 24 h before cervical dislocation. The skin was excised and mounted in 2.5 cm penetration cells similar to those described by Ainsworth (J Soc Cosmet Chem 11:69 (1960)).
PRINCIPLES OF ASSAY
- Diffusion cell: similar to those described by Ainsworth (J Soc Cosmet Chem 11:69 (1960)).
- Receptor fluid: saline
- Occlusion: no
Results and discussion
Percutaneous absorptionopen allclose all
- Dose:
- 61.22 µg C10:0/cm²
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 14 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24 h
- Remarks:
- 8.6 ± 3.4 µg C10:0/cm² absorbed (n=3)
- Dose:
- 66.33 µg C12:0/cm²
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 10.9 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24 h
- Remarks:
- 7.2 ± 3.7 µg C12:0/cm² absorbed (n=3)
- Dose:
- 76.53 µg C14:0/cm²
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- ca. 9 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24 h
- Remarks:
- 6.9 ± 3.0 µg C14:0/cm² absorbed (n=3)
- Dose:
- 86.73 µg C16:0/cm²
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- 0.2 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24 h
- Remarks:
- 0.2 ± 0.1 µg C16:0/cm² absorbed (n=3)
- Dose:
- 91.84 µg C18:0/cm²
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- < 0.1 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24 h
- Remarks:
- < 0.1 µg C18:0/cm² absorbed (n=3)
- Conversion factor human vs. animal skin:
- no data
Any other information on results incl. tables
The results show no measurable penetration of the C18:0 soap through rat skin up to 24 h after application, but 0.2 µg/cm² of the C16:0 soap had penetrated at 24 h. Some 7.5 µg of the C10:0, C12:0 and C14:0 soaps had penetrated per cm² at 24 h but the results were not significantly different for the three soaps. For the three soaps which penetrated the skin there was a lag time of 1 h before any measurable penetration occurred, but after this the rate of penetration steadily increased. At the
end of the experiment,i .e. 24 h after application, between 60 and 70% of the applied [14C] soaps were rinsed from the skin and 30-40% was associated with the skin.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The in vitro penetration of C10, C12, C14, C16 and C18 fatty acids (as sodium salt solutions) through rat skin decreases with increasing chain length. At 86.73 µg C16/cm² and 91.84 µg C18/cm², about 0.23% and less than 0.1% of the C16 and C18 soap solutions is absoberd after 24 h exposure, respectively.
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