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EC number: 231-639-5 | CAS number: 7664-93-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-guideline study
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The toxicity of H2SO4 aerosols to CD-1 mice and Fischer-344 rats.
- Author:
- Runkle BK & Hahn FF
- Year:
- 1 976
- Bibliographic source:
- Annual Report of the Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (p435-439)
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Surviving animals were observed for 21 days and not the guideline required 14 days.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The study protocol is broadly compliant with OECD 403, with the exception that exposure was for 1, 2, 4, or 8 hours and that the surviving animals were observed for 21 rather than 14 days.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- : study pre-dates GLP.
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sulphuric acid
- EC Number:
- 231-639-5
- EC Name:
- Sulphuric acid
- Cas Number:
- 7664-93-9
- Molecular formula:
- H2O4S
- IUPAC Name:
- sulfuric acid
- Details on test material:
- Aerosols of sulphuric acid were generated by mixing sulphur trioxide vapour with humid air.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Fischer 344
- Sex:
- male/female
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: aerosols of sulphuric acid were generated by mixing sulphur trioxide vapour with humid air.
- Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- >= 1 - <= 8 h
- Concentrations:
- 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/m3 air; 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/l
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Four/sex/dose
- Control animals:
- no
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 375 mg/m³ air
Any other information on results incl. tables
A relationship between increased mortality and higher test material concentrations (c) and also with exposure time (t) was observed in both species tested, but rat mortality increased more rapidly than mouse mortality for both variables. Mortality was not proportional to ct; and the LC50 values are dependent on the exposure time. The LC50 (4h) was ~375 mg/m3, while the LC50 (8h) was ~425 mg/m3. These values are based on total deaths occurring in the 21 days after exposure. It is suggested that the fibrosis occurring in the rat may cause malfunction of the epiglottis and subsequently result in foreign body aspiration and subsequent pneumonia.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- toxic
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- Although the LC50 values from the inhalation toxicity study theoretically trigger Classification with (R23) 'Toxic by inhalation', classification is not proposed. The effects of sulphuric acid following inhalation are entirely due to local irritation of the respiratory tract: there is no evidence for the systemic toxicity of sulphuric acid in any study as effects are limited to the site of contact. Classification for acute inhalation toxicity is not considered to be appropriate.
- Executive summary:
Groups of F344 rats (5/sex) were exposed (whole body) to aerosols of sulphuric acid (generated by combining sulphur trioxide and humid air) at a number of concentrations and exposure times between 1-8 hours. Histopathology of the respiratory tract revealed ulceration of the nasal turbinates, trachea and larynx immediately following exposure; laryngeal fibrosis and inhalation pneumonia were seen in decedents at 1 -2 weeks following exposure. A clear relationship between mortality and Ct is not apparent from the results of this study; the 4 -hour LC50 value (relevant for classification purposes) was found to be approximately 375 mg/m3 (0.375 mg/l).
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