Registration Dossier

Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets

Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Manufacture, use & exposure

Uses at industrial sites

Documentsopen allclose all

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
lead oxide production
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
lead stabiliser production (wet process)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
lead stabiliser compound production (dry/melting process)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
mixing/blending of formulated stabiliser products
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, engineering
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 0: Other: Intermediate
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Reference
Name:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
other: solid: substance in alloy
Reference substance:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Production
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Name of activity / technique:
Maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 0: Other: Industrial use of Galvanized Products
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Reference
Name:
Lead
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
solid: bulk
Reference substance:
Lead
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition Manufacture (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and Shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: Repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, and engineering
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Use of lead metal in the production of a range of lead articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Sawing/Slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot, including the Tower and the Bleimeister processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition Manufacture (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Reference
Name:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
other: solid: substance in alloy
Reference substance:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
lead oxide production
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
lead stabiliser production (wet process)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Lead stabiliser compound production (dry/melting process)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Mixing/blending of formulated stabiliser products
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, engineering
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Intermediate
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 0: Other: Industrial use of Galvanized Products
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 17: Lubrication at high energy conditions in metal working operations
PROC 18: General greasing / lubrication at high kinetic energy conditions
Product category used:
PC 24: Lubricants, greases, release products
PC41: Oil and gas exploration or production products
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Use of molten lead as heat transfer fluid in closed process
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Production: lead is used in liquid/molten form in an enclosure (main crucible belt) 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. The molten lead bath is covered by a thick layer of mineral granulates (vermiculite), so its contact between ambient air and molten lead is avoided.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Name of activity / technique:
Maintenance: removal of the vermiculite insulation and the lead oxide solid layer. Drainage of the liquid/molten lead in open air and transfer to ancillary containers. Skimming of the ancillary crucible (lead after remelting. Filling of the crucible belt with liquid/molten lead in open air
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Casting/production of grids, oxide production, mixing, pasting, and curing operations; plate treatment; battery assembly and formation, plus internal logistics and cleaning/maintenance.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Milling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Sawing and slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9a: Widespread use of functional fluid (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9b: Widespread use of functional fluid (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance during lead battery production
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Battery Production
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 0: Other: Industrial use
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 27a: Production of metal powders (hot processes)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 27b: Production of metal powders (wet processes)
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Metal Powders
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: Repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, and engineering
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
lead oxide production
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
lead stabiliser production (wet process)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
lead stabiliser compound production (dry/melting process)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
mixing/blending of formulated stabiliser products
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, engineering
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Intermediate
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Lead battery production, involving plate manufacturing; plate treatment; assembly; battery formation; internal logistics; repair, cleaning, and maintenance.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning, and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw materials handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Wire Galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Cleaning and maintenance, quality control
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
melting and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
milling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
sawing and slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Production
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Name of activity / technique:
Maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Use of lead metal in lead oxide production
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Lead oxide production: production of “crude” oxide, further oxidation/calcination, grinding/milling, packaging
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Lead stabiliser production (wet process): loading of lead oxide into reaction vessels, slurry formation by addition of water, catalysts and acid compounds, centrifuge operation, drying process, bagging/drumming operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Lead stabiliser compound production (dry/melting process): loading of lead oxide into reaction vessels, feeding of molten acid compound to reaction vessels, process control, cooling and forming of tablets, flakes etc., drying process, bagging/drumming operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Mixing/blending of formulated stabiliser products: material loading (manual or automated handling), operation of mixing/blending equipment, packaging operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Internal logistics: storage (raw materials, finished goods) and shipment of finished goods
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Others: repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, engineering
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Intermediate
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: Reapir, cleaning and maintenance during lead sheet production
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 0: Other: Lead Sheet Production
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
SU 0: Other: Industrial use
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Reference
Name:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
other: solid: substance in alloy
Reference substance:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Sawing/Slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot, including the Tower and the Bleimeister processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition Manufacture (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9a: Widespread use of functional fluid (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9b: Widespread use of functional fluid (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance during lead battery production
Product category used:
PC 19: Intermediate
PC 0: Other: Battery Production
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 0: Other: Industrial use
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Sawing/Slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot, including the Tower and the Bleimeister processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition Manufacture (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Storage of ingots-slabs in warehouses and general industrial use
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Name of activity / technique:
Storage of ingots-slabs in warehouses and general industrial use
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC2: Formulation into mixture
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC3: Formulation into solid matrix
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC2: Formulation into mixture
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC3: Formulation into solid matrix
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 32: Polymer preparations and compounds
PC 0: Other: Use of lead metal in oxide and stabiliser production
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
SU 12: Manufacture of plastics products, including compounding and conversion
SU 0: Other: Industrial
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC11a: Widespread use of articles with low release (indoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 27a: Production of metal powders (hot processes)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 27b: Production of metal powders (wet processes)
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Metal Powders
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Items to be analysed are first added to a high temperature fusion mixture containing lead or lead monoxide, the material to be tested and fluxes such as sodium carbonate, borax, and silica to ultimately yield a borosilicate slag overlaying molten lead containing precious metals. The molten lead in the two-phase melt is then poured into a mold to cool and a precious metal-containing “lead button” formed.

In a subsequent cupellation step, lead button is subjected to extreme heat (approx. 1000 °C) which results in the melting and simultaneous oxidation of the lead – leaving behind a precious metal “button” which can then be analysed by a variety of different methods.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6b: Use of reactive processing aid at industrial site (no inclusion into or onto article)
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Name of activity / technique:
Items to be analysed are first added to a high temperature fusion mixture containing lead or lead monoxide, the material to be tested and fluxes such as sodium carbonate, borax, and silica to ultimately yield a borosilicate slag overlaying molten lead containing precious metals. The molten lead in the two-phase melt is then poured into a mold to cool and a precious metal-containing “lead button” formed.

In a subsequent cupellation step, lead button is subjected to extreme heat (approx. 1000 °C) which results in the melting and simultaneous oxidation of the lead – leaving behind a precious metal “button” which can then be analysed by a variety of different methods.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 15: Use as laboratory reagent
Product category used:
PC 21: Laboratory chemicals
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition Manufacture (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and Shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Lead is used in liquid/molten form (on its own or in an alloy) as a heat transfer fluid in industrial facilities where high temperature stability is required, for example nuclear and thermal solar plants. The molten metal, in an enclosure (main crucible belt) 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. The molten lead bath is covered by a thick layer of mineral granulates (vermiculite), so contact between ambient air and molten lead is avoided. Amount of lead in tank: about 45 tons. Losses (under the form of lead metal, oxides and other mineral compounds): equivalent of 2-5 tons/year.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Lead is used in liquid/molten form (on its own or in an alloy) as a heat transfer fluid in industrial facilities where high temperature stability is required, for example nuclear and thermal solar plants. The molten metal, in an enclosure (main crucible belt) 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. The molten lead bath is covered by a thick layer of mineral granulates (vermiculite), so contact between ambient air and molten lead is avoided.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Name of activity / technique:
Maintenance: Removal of the vermiculite insulation and the lead oxide solid layer. Drainage of the liquid/molten lead in open air and transfer to ancillary containers. Skimming of the ancillary crucible (lead after remelting. Filling of the crucible belt with liquid/molten lead in open air.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use as intermediate registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Lead metal is used as an intermdiate in the manufacture of lead oxides, in particular lead monoxide and lead tetroxide. Ingots of highly refined metallic lead (99.9 %) are used as raw material to make lead oxide. The oxidation products and the final products are powders.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
lead oxide production: production of “crude” oxide, further oxidation/calcination, grinding/milling, packaging
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
subsequent use of lead oxide in lead stabiliser production (wet process): loading of lead oxide into reaction vessels, slurry formation by addition of water, catalysts and acid compounds, centrifuge operation, drying process, bagging/drumming operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
subsequent use of lead oxide in lead stabiliser compound production (dry/melting process): loading of lead oxide into reaction vessels, feeding of molten acid compound to reaction vessels, process control, cooling and forming of tablets, flakes etc., drying process, bagging/drumming operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
mixing/blending of formulated stabiliser products: material loading (manual or automated handling), operation of mixing/blending equipment, packaging operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, engineering
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC11a: Widespread use of articles with low release (indoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 27a: Production of metal powders (hot processes)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 27b: Production of metal powders (wet processes)
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Metal Pow ders
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
PROC 0: Other: PROC 28: Cleaning and repair
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Scrap lead is reycled into new lead sheet by melting, refining, milling, sawing/slitting.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
melting and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
milling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
sawing and slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Production
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Name of activity / technique:
Maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Sawing/Slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot, including the Tower and the Bleimeister processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition Manufacture (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC11a: Widespread use of articles with low release (indoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 27a: Production of metal powders (hot processes)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 27b: Production of metal powders (wet processes)
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Metal Powders
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 32: Polymer preparations and compounds
PC 0: Other: Use of lead metal in lead oxide and stabiliser production
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
SU 12: Manufacture of plastics products, including compounding and conversion
SU 19: Building and construction work
SU 0: Other: Industrial use
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Sector of end use:
SU 0: Other: Use for adhesives, lubrication, soldering, moulding or processing aids in various industry sectors
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Lead metal is used as an intermdiate in the manufacture of lead oxides, in particular lead monoxide and lead tetroxide. Ingots of highly refined metallic lead (99.9 %) are used as raw material to make lead oxide. The oxidation products and the final products are powders.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
lead oxide production: production of “crude” oxide, further oxidation/calcination, grinding/milling, packaging
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
subsequent use of lead oxide in lead stabiliser production (wet process): loading of lead oxide into reaction vessels, slurry formation by addition of water, catalysts and acid compounds, centrifuge operation, drying process, bagging/drumming operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
subsequent use of lead oxide in lead stabiliser compound production (dry/melting process): loading of lead oxide into reaction vessels, feeding of molten acid compound to reaction vessels, process control, cooling and forming of tablets, flakes etc., drying process, bagging/drumming operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
mixing/blending of formulated stabiliser products: material loading (manual or automated handling), operation of mixing/blending equipment, packaging operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, engineering
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Casting, rolling, extrusion, and production of lead shot.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: cutting, winding, bending
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: punching, grinding, turning, milling, drilling, machining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: milling, rolling, drilling, turning, grinding
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition production (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and transport
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Items to be analysed are first added to a high temperature fusion mixture containing lead or lead monoxide, the material to be tested and fluxes such as sodium carbonate, borax, and silica to ultimately yield a borosilicate slag overlaying molten lead containing precious metals. The molten lead in the two-phase melt is then poured into a mold to cool and a precious metal-containing “lead button” formed.

In a subsequent cupellation step, lead button is subjected to extreme heat (approx. 1000 °C) which results in the melting and simultaneous oxidation of the lead – leaving behind a precious metal “button” which can then be analysed by a variety of different methods.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6b: Use of reactive processing aid at industrial site (no inclusion into or onto article)
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Name of activity / technique:
Items to be analysed are first added to a high temperature fusion mixture containing lead or lead monoxide, the material to be tested and fluxes such as sodium carbonate, borax, and silica to ultimately yield a borosilicate slag overlaying molten lead containing precious metals. The molten lead in the two-phase melt is then poured into a mold to cool and a precious metal-containing “lead button” formed.

In a subsequent cupellation step, lead button is subjected to extreme heat (approx. 1000 °C) which results in the melting and simultaneous oxidation of the lead – leaving behind a precious metal “button” which can then be analysed by a variety of different methods.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 15: Use as laboratory reagent
Product category used:
PC 21: Laboratory chemicals
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Pattern of exposure:
accidental / infrequent

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Production
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Name of activity / technique:
Maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Wire Galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Cleaning and maintenance, quality control
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: PROC 28: Cleaning and repair
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Casting, rolling, extrusion, and production of lead shot.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: cutting, winding, bending
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: punching, grinding, turning, milling, drilling, machining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: milling, rolling, drilling, turning, grinding
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition production (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and transport
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: PROC 28: Cleaning and maintenance during lead battery production
Product category used:
PC 19: Intermediate
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
melting and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
milling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
sawing and slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: parts of a fire extinguishing apparatus
Sector of end use:
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
The use involves raw material handling, galvanizing (baths containing molten zinc and lead), and cleaning/maintenance.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw materials handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Wire Galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Cleaning and maintenance, quality control
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Reference
Name:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
other: solid: substance in alloy
Reference substance:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Wire Galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Cleaning and maintenance, quality control
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
melting and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
milling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
sawing and slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Reference
Name:
Lead
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
solid: bulk
Reference substance:
Lead
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Solder
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Name of activity / technique:
Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw materials handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Wire Galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Cleaning and maintenance, quality control
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: Repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, and engineering
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Scrap lead is reycled into new lead sheet by melting, refining, milling, sawing/slitting.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
melting and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
milling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
sawing and slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
lead oxide production
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
lead stabiliser production (wet process)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
lead stabiliser compound production (dry/melting process)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
mixing/blending of formulated stabiliser products
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, engineering
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Intermediate
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Casting, rolling, extrusion, and production of lead shot.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: cutting, winding, bending, sawing, slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: milling, rolling, drilling, turning, grinding, punching, machining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition production (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and transport
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Casting/production of grids, oxide production, mixing, pasting, and curing operations; plate treatment; battery assembly and formation, plus internal logistics and cleaning/maintenance.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC2: Formulation into mixture
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC3: Formulation into solid matrix
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Lead is used in liquid/molten form (on its own or in an alloy) as a heat transfer fluid in industrial facilities where high temperature stability is required, for example nuclear and thermal solar plants. The molten metal, in an enclosure (main crucible belt) 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. The molten lead bath is covered by a thick layer of mineral granulates (vermiculite), so contact between ambient air and molten lead is avoided. Amount of lead in tank: about 45 tons. Losses (under the form of lead metal, oxides and other mineral compounds): equivalent of 2-5 tons/year.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Lead is used in liquid/molten form (on its own or in an alloy) as a heat transfer fluid in industrial facilities where high temperature stability is required, for example nuclear and thermal solar plants. The molten metal, in an enclosure (main crucible belt) 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. The molten lead bath is covered by a thick layer of mineral granulates (vermiculite), so contact between ambient air and molten lead is avoided.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Name of activity / technique:
Maintenance: Removal of the vermiculite insulation and the lead oxide solid layer. Drainage of the liquid/molten lead in open air and transfer to ancillary containers. Skimming of the ancillary crucible (lead after remelting. Filling of the crucible belt with liquid/molten lead in open air.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
melting and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
milling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
sawing and slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Casting, rolling, extrusion, and production of lead shot.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: cutting, winding, bending, sawing, slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: milling, rolling, drilling, turning, grinding, punching, machining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition production (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and transport
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Lead is used in liquid/molten form (on its own or in an alloy) as a heat transfer fluid in industrial facilities where high temperature stability is required, for example nuclear and thermal solar plants. The molten metal, in an enclosure (main crucible belt) 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. The molten lead bath is covered by a thick layer of mineral granulates (vermiculite), so contact between ambient air and molten lead is avoided. Amount of lead in tank: about 45 tons. Losses (under the form of lead metal, oxides and other mineral compounds): equivalent of 2-5 tons/year.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Lead is used in liquid/molten form (on its own or in an alloy) as a heat transfer fluid in industrial facilities where high temperature stability is required, for example nuclear and thermal solar plants. The molten metal, in an enclosure (main crucible belt) 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. The molten lead bath is covered by a thick layer of mineral granulates (vermiculite), so contact between ambient air and molten lead is avoided.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Name of activity / technique:
Maintenance: Removal of the vermiculite insulation and the lead oxide solid layer. Drainage of the liquid/molten lead in open air and transfer to ancillary containers. Skimming of the ancillary crucible (lead after remelting. Filling of the crucible belt with liquid/molten lead in open air.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
The use involves raw material handling, galvanizing (baths containing molten zinc and lead), and cleaning/maintenance.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw materials handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Wire Galvanizing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Cleaning and maintenance, quality control
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Items to be analysed are first added to a high temperature fusion mixture containing lead or lead monoxide, the material to be tested and fluxes such as sodium carbonate, borax, and silica to ultimately yield a borosilicate slag overlaying molten lead containing precious metals. The molten lead in the two-phase melt is then poured into a mold to cool and a precious metal-containing “lead button” formed.

In a subsequent cupellation step, lead button is subjected to extreme heat (approx. 1000 °C) which results in the melting and simultaneous oxidation of the lead – leaving behind a precious metal “button” which can then be analysed by a variety of different methods.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6b: Use of reactive processing aid at industrial site (no inclusion into or onto article)
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Name of activity / technique:
Items to be analysed are first added to a high temperature fusion mixture containing lead or lead monoxide, the material to be tested and fluxes such as sodium carbonate, borax, and silica to ultimately yield a borosilicate slag overlaying molten lead containing precious metals. The molten lead in the two-phase melt is then poured into a mold to cool and a precious metal-containing “lead button” formed.

In a subsequent cupellation step, lead button is subjected to extreme heat (approx. 1000 °C) which results in the melting and simultaneous oxidation of the lead – leaving behind a precious metal “button” which can then be analysed by a variety of different methods.
Process category (PROC):
PROC 15: Use as laboratory reagent
Product category used:
PC 21: Laboratory chemicals
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR
Pattern of exposure:
accidental / infrequent

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6b: Use of reactive processing aid at industrial site (no inclusion into or onto article)
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 15: Use as laboratory reagent
Product category used:
PC 21: Laboratory chemicals
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Pattern of exposure:
accidental / infrequent

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC2: Formulation into mixture
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC3: Formulation into solid matrix
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 32: Polymer preparations and compounds
PC 0: Other: Use of lead metal in oxide and stabiliser production
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
SU 12: Manufacture of plastics products, including compounding and conversion
SU 0: Other: Industrial
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 0: Other: Industrial use of Galvanized Products
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Reference
Name:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
other: solid: substance in alloy
Reference substance:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Milling/Rolling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Sawing/Slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot, including the Tower and the Bleimeister processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition Manufacture (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9a: Widespread use of functional fluid (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9b: Widespread use of functional fluid (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Battery Production
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 0: Other: Industrial use
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: PROC 28: Cleaning and maintenance
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Use of secondary lead materials in lead sheet production
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling: delivery, sorting, furnace loading
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting and refining: melting, drossing and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Milling operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Sawing and slitting operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and shipment: internal logistics, storage, shipment of finished goods
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Others: repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: parts of a construction equipment
Sector of end use:
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9a: Widespread use of functional fluid (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9b: Widespread use of functional fluid (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance during lead battery production
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: Battery Production
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 0: Other: Industrial use
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting and refining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Milling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Sawing and slitting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC7: Use of functional fluid at industrial site
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 16: Heat transfer fluids
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: extrusion
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: cutting, winding, bending
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: punching, grinding, turning, milling, drilling, machining
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Production of article: milling, rolling, drilling, turning, grinding
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Production of lead shot
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Name of activity / technique:
Ammunition production (i.e. assembly of ammunition)
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Addition of coating metal to bath
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip coating
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Storage and transport
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
SU 20: Health services
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: PROC 28: Cleaning and repair
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 5: Mixing or blending in batch processes
Process category (PROC):
PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities
Process category (PROC):
PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Product category used:
PC 19: Intermediate
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Lead metal is used as an intermdiate in the manufacture of lead oxides, in particular lead monoxide and lead tetroxide. Ingots of highly refined metallic lead (99.9 %) are used as raw material to make lead oxide. The oxidation products and the final products are powders.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
lead oxide production: production of “crude” oxide, further oxidation/calcination, grinding/milling, packaging
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
subsequent use of lead oxide in lead stabiliser production (wet process): loading of lead oxide into reaction vessels, slurry formation by addition of water, catalysts and acid compounds, centrifuge operation, drying process, bagging/drumming operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
subsequent use of lead oxide in lead stabiliser compound production (dry/melting process): loading of lead oxide into reaction vessels, feeding of molten acid compound to reaction vessels, process control, cooling and forming of tablets, flakes etc., drying process, bagging/drumming operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
mixing/blending of formulated stabiliser products: material loading (manual or automated handling), operation of mixing/blending equipment, packaging operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
repair, cleaning, and maintenance, quality control, engineering
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 8: Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Plate manufacturing: Casting/production of grids, oxide production, mixing, pasting, and curing operations
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Plate manufacturing: Casting/production of grids, oxide production, mixing, pasting, and curing operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Plate treatment: jar/tank formation, plate washing, drying, cutting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Assembly: stacking, assembly, welding and joining operations
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Battery formation: acid filling, formation (wet batteries), finishing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Internal logistics: storage of raw materials and finished goods, intra-facility transport, shipment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Others: cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC1: Manufacture of the substance
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Process category (PROC):
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Process category (PROC):
PROC 0: Other: Reapir, cleaning and maintenance during lead sheet production
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 0: Other: Lead Sheet Production
Sector of end use:
SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 19: Building and construction work
SU 0: Other: Industrial use
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Name of activity / technique:
Use of lead in the production of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel (including wire galvanizing)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Hot dip galvanizing: periodic alloying additions of lead to the molten zinc bath (batch galvanizing).
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Wire Galvanizing: Lead wire passed through a bath of molten zinc
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Others: Cleaning and maintenance, quality control
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Reference
Name:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
other: solid: substance in alloy
Reference substance:
lead metal massives (high purity grade)
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
ERC6a: Use of intermediate
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Plate manufacturing
Process category (PROC):
PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Plate treatment
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Assembly
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Battery formation
Process category (PROC):
PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
Internal logistics
Process category (PROC):
PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Name of activity / technique:
cleaning and maintenance
Process category (PROC):
PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Sector of end use:
SU 16: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workersopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Melting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Refining and casting
Process category (PROC):
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Name of activity / technique:
Soldering/Manufacture of Solder
Process category (PROC):
PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals
Product category used:
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
yes

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Process category (PROC):
PROC 13: Treatment of articles by dipping and pouring
PROC 23: Open processing and transfer operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature
Product category used:
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Sector of end use:
SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
as such
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environment
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article
Contributing activity / technique for workers
Name of activity / technique:
Raw material handling
Process category (PROC):
PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles
Product category used:
PC 0: Other: parts of a construction equipment
Sector of end use:
SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment
Substance supplied to that use in form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant for this use:
no