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EC number: 211-162-9 | CAS number: 631-61-8
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other: Supporting study:
In the first experiment, one subject felt a little unconfortable during the infusion, with a slight feeling of nausea and tennitus and vomiting. The symptoms disappeared immediately after the infusion was discontinued. The slight symptoms of discomfort were practically independent of the total amount of ammonium salt infused, since they were even less frequent after the higher ammonia dose.
It was observed that the susceptibility to ammonia could be considerably decreased by infusing the ammonium salts together with amino acids. When the acetate was given with 8.8 g of L-arginine, both subjects felt nauseated, but no with 17.6 g of this amino acid.
In the two experiments in which 160 meq of ammonium acetate, one subject reached a blood concentration of 2.3 µg of ammonia N per milliliter, and the other a concentration of 3.1 µg/mL. Neither blood pH nor P(CO2) was appreciably changed.
Additional information
Supporting study: Experimental data:
The toxicity of ammonium acetate was studied in humans after an intravenous infusion. In the first experiment, 80-160 meq of ammonium acetate (1.12 and 2.24 g of N, respectively), dissolved in 1 liter of a solution containing 5% of glucose and 5% of fructose (Invertos), were infused intravenously within 3 hours. In the second experiment, 200 meq of ammonium acetate (2.8 g of N) were infused during about 4 hours twice in two subjects, together with 8.8 and 17.6 g of L-arginine, supposed to protect against the toxic symptoms.
The plasma ammonia concentration was determined before the start of the infusion, at the end of the infusion, and thirty minutes later. The pH of arterial blood wa measured before and immediately after the infusion.
In the first experiment, one subject felt a little unconfortable during the infusion, with a slight feeling of nausea and tennitus and inappreciable vomiting. The symptoms disappeared immediately after the infusion was discontinued. The slight symptoms of discomfort were practically independent of the total amount of ammonium salt infused, since they were even less frequent after the higher ammonia dose.
It was observed that the susceptibility to ammonia could be considerably decreased by infusing the ammonium salts together with amino acids. When the acetate was given with 8.8 g of L-arginine, both subjects felt nauseated, but no with 17.6 g of this amino acid.
In the two experiments in which 160 meq of ammonium acetate, one subject reached a blood concentration of 2.3 µg of ammonia N per milliliter, and the other a concentration of 3.1 µg/mL. Neither blood pH nor P(CO2) was appreciably changed.
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