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EC number: 500-213-3 | CAS number: 68439-50-9 1 - 2.5 moles ethoxylated
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- effects on growth of green algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 01 Mar - 26 Mar 2021
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2006, corrected 2011
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: all concentrations
- Sampling method: sampling at 0h (fresh solutions) and aftter 24, 48 and 72 h (aged solutions)
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: The samples were mixed with 10 mL acetonitrile and stored deep-frozen (≤ - 18 °C) until analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution was prepared by adding the necessary amount of test item to a volumetric flask. Test medium was added and the solution was homogenised by stirring on a magnetic stirrer for 1 hour. The solution was observed to be clear and transparent; frothing was observed. Test item concentrations were prepared by dilution with test medium. All lower concentrations of test item solutions were observed to be clear and transparent. Algae were added to each solution individually, targeting nominal cell densities of 0.5 × 104 cells per mL in each solution. - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: SAG 61.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): purchased from MBM Sciencebridge GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
- Method of cultivation: The algae are grown semi-continuously in sterile cultures in the laboratory. Old medium is periodically replaced by fresh mineral solution in order to keep the algae in an exponential growth state.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 to 4 days
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 22.4 – 23.3 °C
- pH:
- 7.52 - 8.42
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test item concentrations: 0.0954, 0.305, 0.977, 3.13, 10.0 mg/L
Geometric mean measured test item concentrations: 0.0239, 0.0366, 0.0489, 0.282, 5.60 mg/L (based on 2 representative constituents) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flasks (glass), nominal volume 100 mL
- Type (delete if not applicable): covered by aluminium caps
- Fill volume: ~50 mL
- Initial cells density: 0.5 × E*4 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 65.05 × E*4 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes acc. to AAP-Medium (according to Annex 3 of OECD 201)
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH at test start and test end; temperature continously
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod:continous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: 95.0 µEm-2s-1 (mean light intensity)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: cell densities were determined by a fluorimeter at time points. 0, 24, 48 and 72 h
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.0100, 0.100, 1.00 and 10.0 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: EC50 (72h): >1.00 - < 10.0 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.034 mg/L
- 95% CI:
- >= 0.031 - <= 0.036
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: based on two representative constituents
- Remarks:
- C12EO2 and C12EO3
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.044 mg/L
- 95% CI:
- >= 0.043 - <= 0.047
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: based on two representative constituents
- Remarks:
- based on two representative constituents
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.037 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: based on two representative constituents
- Remarks:
- C12EO2 and C12EO3
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - ErC50 (72 h): 1.55 mg/L (NOErC(72 h): 0.320 mg/L)
- Other: test performed Jan 2021 - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The NOEC and LOEC were determined by using a multiple comparison method (Williams' test, left sided, for growth rate, Jonckheere-Terpstra test, left sided, for yield). The EC10, 20, 50-values for growth rate and yield were determined by probit analysis using linear maximum likelihood regression and Weibull analysis using linear maximum likelihood regression, respectively.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- please see table 1 at "Any other information on results incl. tables"
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 22 - 25 JAN 2008
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- ISO/IEC 17025
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution was prepared y sterile filtration (0.45µm). Preparation of water accommodated fractions - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: green algae
- Strain: 86.81 SAG
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Collection of Algal Cultures, Institute of Freshwater Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Method of cultivation: 250 mL flask containing 100 mL sterile OECD medium inoculated with cell material from axenic slope culture - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 22 ± 2°C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test substance concentrations: 0.250, 0.500, 1.00, 2.00, 4.00 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 ml galss beakers
- Fill volume: 100 ml
- Initial cells density: 0.5-0.85 µg dw/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: high pressure sodium lamp. 5000-6000 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: every 24 h by spectrophotometer
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.5
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline:
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 1, 10 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 96% growth inhibition at 100 mg/L, 96% at 10 mg/L and 43% at 1 mg/L - Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.778 mg/L
- 95% CI:
- >= 0.707 - <= 0.853
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.416 mg/L
- 95% CI:
- >= 0.321 - <= 0.487
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.516 mg/L
- 95% CI:
- >= 0.495 - <= 0.54
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.312 mg/L
- 95% CI:
- >= 0.266 - <= 0.344
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- yield
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- please see table 1 at "Any other information on results incl. tables"
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 15 - 18 JUN 1993
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: 92/69/EWG
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stokc solution was prepared by adding 0.1 g test substance to 1 l distilled water. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: SAG 86.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): i-house culture, originally obtained from Institut für Wasser-, Boden- und Lufthygiene, berlin, Germany
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 d - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- pH:
- 8.6 - 8.8 (start)
8.3 - 8.8 (end) - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test substance concentrations: 17, 30, 50, 90, 150, 250 µg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beakers
- Initial cells density: 2*E04 cells/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 5
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 8
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes (acc. to guideline 92/69/EWG)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light intensity and quality: ca. 8000 lux, white
- Salinity (for marine algae):
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h, fluorometric - Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.12 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.05 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.088 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.036 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 09 - 13 DEC 2002
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- significant methodological deficiencies
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1984
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 23 ± 2°C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test substance concentration: 2 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beakers (250 ml)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes/no
- Detailed composition if non-standard medium was used:
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: continous illumination
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: counting chamber (at 24 ,48 and 72 h) - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1: Validity criteria for OECD 201 (2006)
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
The biomass in the control cultures should have increased exponentially by a factor of at least 16 within the 72-hour test period. |
110.25 |
yes |
The mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rates (days 0-1, 1-2 and 2-3, for 72-hour tests) in the control cultures must not exceed 35% |
8% |
yes |
The coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates during the whole test period in replicate control cultures must not exceed 7% in tests with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Desmodesmus subspicatus. For other less frequently tested species, the value should not exceed 10%. |
1.5% |
yes |
Table 2: Percentage inhibition of growth rate
Nominal conc. |
% Inhibition of growth rate |
||
[mg/L] |
0 h – 24 h |
0 h – 48 h |
0 h – 72 h |
Control |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0954 |
-4.2 |
-2.7 |
-1.4 |
0.305 |
13.2 |
16.8 |
5.8 |
0.977 |
118.2 |
104.5 |
72.9 * |
3.13 |
≥ 1001) |
214.0 |
162.5 * |
10.0 |
≥ 1001) |
≥ 1001) |
163.2 * |
* Statistically significant different to the control (left-sided, p≤0.05)
1)Due to cell numbers of zero the value was not calculable but was equal to or above 100
Table 1: Validity criteria for OECD 201 (2006)
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
The biomass in the control cultures should have increased exponentially by a factor of at least 16 within the 72-hour test period. |
>16 |
yes |
The mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rates (days 0-1, 1-2 and 2-3, for 72-hour tests) in the control cultures must not exceed 35% |
24.3% |
yes |
The coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates during the whole test period in replicate control cultures must not exceed 7% in tests with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Desmodesmus subspicatus. For other less frequently tested species, the value should not exceed 10%. |
2.4% |
yes |
Table 2: Algal cell growth
Nominal concentration |
Mean inibition [%] |
Control |
0 |
0.250 |
1.23 |
0.500 |
17.7 |
1.00 |
70.6 |
2.00 |
79.9 |
4.00 |
99.4 |
Test concentration |
Cell density [× 104/mL] |
|||
Incubation period [h] |
||||
0 |
24 |
48 |
72 |
|
0 |
2 |
5 |
19 |
57 |
17 |
2 |
5 |
18 |
53 |
30 |
2 |
5 |
19 |
57 |
50 |
2 |
5 |
19 |
54 |
90 |
2 |
4 |
14 |
45 |
150 |
2 |
4 |
10 |
32 |
250 |
2 |
3 |
9 |
27 |
Description of key information
ErC50 (72 h): 0.034 mg/L (meas. geom.mean; OECD 201)
ErC10 (72 h): 0.0445 mg/L (meas. geom.mean; OECD 201)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
One key study on the toxicity of Alcohols, C12-14, ethoxylated to aquatic algae is available. The study design followed OECD guideline 201. Green algae of the species Raphidocelis subcapitata were used as test organisms. The algae were exposed to nominal test substance concentrations of 0.0954, 0.305, 0.977, 3.13, and 10.0 mg/L. The test concentrations were analytically verified by HPLC/MS-MS. The geometric mean measured test item concentrations were 0.0239, 0.0366, 0.0489, 0.282, and 5.60 mg/L (based 2 representative constituents). An ErC10 (72 h) of 0.034 mg/L (geom. mean) was determined at based on the algal growth rate. The ErC50 (72 h) was 0.0446 mg/L (geom. mean) .
Comparable results were determined in five available supporting studies. All studies were conducted according to OECD guideline 201 and were performed without analytical dose verification. The determined ErC50 (72 h) values range from >0.25 - 0.52 mg/L (nominal) (NOEC (72 h) 0.0365 - 0.63 mg/L).
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