Ethyl chloroacetate

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Publication not peer reviewed

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1946

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

No data provided on the method.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Ethyl chloroacetate

EC Number:

203-294-0

EC Name:

Ethyl chloroacetate

Cas Number:

105-39-5

Molecular formula:

C4H7ClO2

IUPAC Name:

ethyl 2-chloroacetate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Ethyl chloroacetate
- Physical state: liquid

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

other: only data: albino

Test system

Vehicle:

other: propylene glycol or water

Controls:

not specified

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit):0.005 mL undiluted substance, 1% solution and 5 % solution.
Guided by the result and the table of injury grades below, additional applications are made until the chemical can be assigned to one of the grades we recognize.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

24 h

Observation period (in vivo):

24 h

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

5 animals per dose

Details on study design:

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): No

SCORING SYSTEM:
System for numerical scoring of injury to the rabbit eye:
Symptom Visible Before Fluorescein Staining Max
Cornea dull 2
Cornea opaque, less than half of area 4
Cornea opaque, more than half of area 6 6
Keratoconus 6
Iritis, slight internal congestion 1
Iritis, marked internal congestion 2 2
Symptom Visible After Fluorescein Staining
(if necrosis is diffuse assign points corresponding to half observed area)
Necrosis on less tban 5 % of cornea 1
Necrosis on 5 to 12% 2
Necrosis On 13 to 37% 3
Necrosis on 38 to 62 % 4
Necrosis on 63 to 87% 5
Necrosis on SS to 100% 6 6
Total 20

Grades of injury employed for rating the relative damage produced by chemicals in the eye:
Grade 1. 0.5 mL undiluted gives injury of 0 to 1.0 points
Grade 2. 0.5 mL undiluted gives injury of over 1.0 up to 5.0 points.
Grade 3. 0.1 mL undiluted glves lnJury of up to 5.0 points (0.5 mL gives over 5.0).
Grade 4. 0.02 mL undiluted gives injury of up to 5.0 points (0.1 mL gives over 5.0).
Grade 5. 0.005 mL undiluted gives injury of up to 5.0 points (0.02 mL gives over 5.0).
Grade 6. Excess of 40% solution gives injury of up to 5.0 points (0.005 mL gives over 5.0).
Grade 7. Excess of 15% solution gives injury of up to 5.0 points (40 % gives over 5.0).
Grade 8. Excess of 5% solution gives injury of up to 5.0 points (15 % gives over 5.0).
Grade 9. Excess of 1% solution gives injury of up to 5.0 points (5 % gives over 5.0).
Grade 10. Excess of 1% solution gives injury of over 5.0 points.


TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE:
Eighteen to 24 hours after the application, the eye is examined in strong diffuse daylight, then stained with a 5-percent aqueous solution of fluorescein, and the injury scored.

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

Ethyl chloroacetate is arranged as Grade 9 (0.005 mL undiluted substance and a 5% solution yield scores of over 5.0, a 1% solution not over 5.0) according to the injury grade.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

highly irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: other: Described in Details on study design

Conclusions:

Ethyl chloroacetate is arranged as Grade 9 (0.005 mL undiluted substance and a 5% solution yield scores of over 5.0, a 1% solution not over 5.0) according to the injury grade observed. So it is considered as highly irritant.

Executive summary:

The irritant effect of ethyl chloroacetate on the eyes was examined in a tests on albino rabbits. The test substance showed a strong irritant effect (step 9 on a scale of 10 indicating increasing irritant effect). The authors pointed out that ethyl chloroacetate is also known for its strong irritant effect on the human eye.