Lead, bullion

Additional physico-chemical information

Administrative data

Endpoint:

other: representative mineralogy

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: non GLP but other quality assurance

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Report date:

2010

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Chemistry /elemental analysis was determined using ICP (inductively Coupled Plasma spectroscopy). Metal speciation/metal mineralogy was assessed from Sequential extraction/metal analysis and mineralogical analysis (XRD and microscopes equipped with EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometry) and WDS (Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry) analysers. The interpretation of the overall results was performed by expert (with profound knowledge of metal particularities).

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

other quality assurance

Other quality assurance:

ISO/IEC 17025 (General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

lead bullion

IUPAC Name:

lead bullion

Results and discussion

Results:

The studied Lead bullion sample 09TT08076 contains 70% lead, 23% tin, 0.9% antimony and traces of other elements.
The studied Lead bullion sample 09TT09772 contains 85% lead, 0.7% tin, 0.2% cadmium and traces of other elements.
The studied Lead bullion sample 09TT11171 contains 92% lead, 1.5% tin, 1% copper, 0.7% cadmium, 0.4% antimony, 0.2% zinc, 0.15% arsenic and traces of other elements.

The studied Lead bullion sample 09TT08076 consists mainly of metallic lead (84.8%) and metallic tin (14.2%). The studied Lead bullion sample by 09TT09772 consists mainly of metallic lead (98.5%), metallic antimony (0.7%), antimony tin –alloy (0.4%), antimony cadmium zinc –alloy (0.4%) and lead oxide (0.07%). The studied Lead bullion sample 09TT11171 consists mainly of antimony copper –alloy (Cu11Sb3, 45%), koutekite (Cu5As2, 23%) and metallic lead (15%). Other notable phases are metallic copper (5%), sorosite (4%) and chalcocite (3%).

Any other information on results incl. tables

Chemical composition of studied sample

Lab code

09TT08076

09TT09772

09TT11171

09TT08076

09TT09772

09TT11171

Sample

Bullion Lead

Lead Bullion

Lead Bullion

Bullion Lead

Lead Bullion

Lead Bullion

Sample code

OR17

OR26

OR33

OR17

OR26

OR33

As

P1

%

<0,004

<0,004

<0,004

Ag

KEM

%

0,034

0,011

<0,002

P2

%

<0,008

<0,009

<0,01

B

KEM

%

na

Na

Na

P3

%

<0,020

<0,005

<0,012

Bi

TOT

%

<0,066

0,013

<0,010

P4

%

<0,010

0,0055

0,1

Cd

TOT

%

<0,003

0,18

0,672

Sum

<0,003

0,01

0,11

Co

TOT

%

<0,003

<0,002

<0,004

TOT

%

<0,003

0,018

0,15

Mo

TOT

%

<0,003

<0,002

<0,004

Cu

P1

%

<0,0028

<0,004

<0,004

Sb

TOT

%

0,914

0,071

0,363

P2

%

<0,020

<0,009

<0,01

Se

TOT

%

<0,003

<0,006

0,021

P3

%

<0,010

0,005

0,15

Sn

TOT

%

22,8

0,66

1,5

P4

%

<0,004

0,0045

0,89

Te

TOT

%

<0,013

<0,02

<0,020

Sum

<0,004

0,0095

1,04

Zn

TOT

%

<0,013

0,057

0,24

TOT

%

0,010

0,024

0,95

Fe

P1

%

<0,004

<0,004

<0,004

SiO2

KEM

%

0,007

0,086

0,25

P2

%

<0,008

0,109

<0,01

Al2O3

TOT

%

<0,005

<0,004

<0,003

P3

%

<0,020

0,012

0,006

CaO

TOT

%

<0,004

0,005

0,004

P4

%

<0,010

<0,002

0,004

Cr2O3

TOT

%

<0,004

<0,003

<0,003

Sum

<0,004

0,121

0,01

K2O

TOT

%

<0,079

<0,02

<0,05

TOT

%

0,003

0,0073

0,018

MgO

TOT

%

<0,004

<0,003

<0,003

Ni

P1

%

<0,008

<0,004

<0,004

MnO

TOT

%

<0,003

<0,003

<0,001

P2

%

<0,020

<0,009

<0,01

Na2O

TOT

%

<0,034

<0,03

0,029

P3

%

<0,010

<0,005

<0,005

SO42-

KEM

%

<0,010

0,0074

<0,02

P4

%

<0,004

<0,002

0,02

Sum

<0,003

<0,009

0,02

S

Leco

%

0,02

<0,01

0,06

TOT

%

<0,003

0,0075

0,0017

C

Leco

%

0,02

0,01

0,04

Pb

P1

%

<0,008

0,015

0,017

Satmagan

%

0

0

0

P2

%

0,084

0,064

0,16

P3

%

0,127

0,055

0,18

P4

%

72

61,2

93,1

Sum

72,21

61,33

93,46

TOT

%

70

85,3

92,1

 

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Good quality study that assessed full chemistry and mineralogy of three representative samples of lead bullion. The mineralogy (and the distribution pattern for each key element, i.e. % from Total into the various mineralogical forms/species present into the UVCB) of the reference samples can be used to derive the classification of lead bullion samples (mixture toxicity rules).

Executive summary:

The studied Lead bullion sample 09TT08076 consists mainly of metallic lead (84.8%) and metallic tin (14.2%). The studied Lead bullion sample 09TT09772 consists mainly of metallic lead (98.5%), metallic antimony (0.7%), antimony tin –alloy (0.4%), antimony cadmium zinc –alloy (0.4%) and lead oxide (0.07%). The studied Lead bullion sample 09TT11171 consists mainly of antimony copper –alloy (Cu11Sb3, 45%), koutekite (Cu5As2, 23%) and metallic lead (15%). Other notable phases are metallic copper (5%), sorosite (4%) and chalcocite (3%).

The mineralogy of the reference samples can be used to derive the classification of the samples but also to predict the mineralogy of other lead bullion samples. The calculator sheet, which is used to derive the classification and which reflects particular assumptions that are made, can be found in attachment above (attached background material).