1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in mammalian cells

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

not stated

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: This study was conducted prior to GLP and test guidelines, but sufficient data is available for interpretation of results

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1982

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 476 (In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Only two doses were conducted and test was not conducted with metabolic activation.

GLP compliance:

no

Type of assay:

mammalian cell gene mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane

EC Number:

203-439-8

EC Name:

1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane

Cas Number:

106-89-8

Molecular formula:

C3H5ClO

IUPAC Name:

2-(chloromethyl)oxirane

Details on test material:

Epichlorohydrin (ECH) was obtained from Schuchardt, Munich, F.R.G.

Method

Target gene:

HPRT gene

Species / strain

Species / strain / cell type:

mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells

Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):

No addtional information provided.

Additional strain / cell type characteristics:

not specified

Metabolic activation:

without

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

0.0, 0.5 and 1mM

Vehicle / solvent:

no data

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

Mouse lymphoma ceIls
The cells were cultured in a humidified CO, incubator (5% CO,) at 37C in standard medium, Ham's F10 modified by the omission of hypoxanthine and
thymidine, and supplemented with 15% newborn calf serum (Gibco), penicillin G (100 U/ml) and streptomycin (0.1 mg/ml). For cloning, the standard medium was supplemented with 0.4% Noble agar. To select for cells with the HGPRT-deficient phenotype, the agar medium was supplemented with the purine analog 6-thioguanine (TG, 5 ug/ml) (Knaap and Simons, 1975).

In the mutagenesis assays, cells were exposed to the compound at the appropriate concentrations, for 2 h at 37C. After treatment, cells were washed and (a) seeded for survival, 150 cells per 15 ml of agar medium per P94 petri dish (5 dishes per group), and (b) propagated in Roux bottles for several days in standard medium to allow expression of the induced mutants that had resulted from the treatment (about 10(7) cells per group). During the expression time, cell counts were made daily (coulter counter) to keep record of cell growth, and according to these, cultures were diluted. At the end of the expression time, i.e. 7 days after treatment, cells were seeded for (a) cloning efficiency, 150 cells per 15 ml of agar medium per P94 petri dish (5 dishes per group), and (b) selection of mutants, 7.5 X 10(5) cells per 15 ml of selective medium per P94 petri dish (10 dishes per group). The
mutant frequency was calculated according to the following formula:

mutant frequency = (100/cloning efficiency) x (number of mutants/number of cells seeded)

Test was conducted in duplicate.

Evaluation criteria:

No additional information provided.

Statistics:

No data.

Results and discussion

Test results

Species / strain:

mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells

Metabolic activation:

without

Genotoxicity:

positive

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

not specified

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

not examined

Additional information on results:

At 0.5 mM, approximately 63.6% of the cells survived on day 0 while 18.1% of the cells exposed to 1.0 mM ECH survived on day 0. The induced mutant frequency was 2.0 and 4.0 x 10(5) at 0.5 and 1.0 mM, respectively. There was considerable variation is response at a specific concentration, i.e., at 0.5 mM, the induced mutant frequency was 2.8 and 1.2 x 10(5).

Any other information on results incl. tables

Epichlorohydrin was positive in L5178 mouse lymphoma cells without metabolic activation.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information):
positive without metabolic activation

Epichlorohydrin was positive in L5178 mouse lymphoma cells without metabolic activation.

Executive summary:

Epichlorohydrin was positive in L5178 mouse lymphoma cells without metabolic activation.