Soybean oil, epoxidized

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2015-01-13 to 2015-05-06

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP Study according to OECD guidelines

Cross-reference

Cross-reference 1

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Cross-reference 2

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2015

Report date:

2015

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

N/A

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Soybean oil, epoxidized

EC Number:

232-391-0

EC Name:

Soybean oil, epoxidized

Cas Number:

8013-07-8

Molecular formula:

Not necessary, substance is a UVCB.

IUPAC Name:

Soybean oil, epoxidized

Test material form:

other: liquid

Details on test material:

Soybeanoil, epoxidized is a clear, viscous, colourless liquid with 100% purity.
Batch number 2014234102
Expiry date 2015-12-02

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
N/A

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

The toxic effects of the test item were determined on day 7, 14 and 21 (onion and carrot additionally on day 28) by visual observations (number of emerged seedlings and phytotoxic effects) and on day 21 (onion and carrot day 28) by shoot height and shoot fresh weight determination. The rating of the treated plants was done in relation to the control plants. Observations included all variations, either inhibitory or stimulatory, between the treated test replicates and the untreated control replicates. At the end of the study the shoot heights (in cm) and the shoot fresh weights of the shoots (in g) were measured additionally, directly after cutting the plants at the soil surface. The shoot height was measured per plant. Average mean values per replicate were calculated. The shoot fresh weight was determined for all plants from the same pot and considered as one replicate.

.

Test substrate

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

The test item was incorporated into the soil in which the seeds were sown afterwards. The test container was bottom watered with nutrient solution as needed.
A 2:1 mixture of natural soil LUFA 2.2 and quartz sand was used.
Grain size: <2 mm
Carbon content: 0.83 and 1.0 %
pH-value: 5.45 ± 0.23 and 5.30 ± 0.04

Test organisms

1

Species:

Avena sativa

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Details on test organisms:

Tradename Ivory, Origin; Nordsaat Saatzucht GMBH, Saatzucht Langenstein, Böhnshauser Straße 1, 38895 Langenstein, Germany.

2

Species:

Allium cepa

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Details on test organisms:

Tradename Exhibition, Origin; Hild Samen GMBH, Postfach1161, 71666 Marbach, Germany.

3

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

Tradename Beretta Oko, Origin; KWS Saat AG / KWS Mais GMBH, Grimsehlstraße 31, 37574 Einbeck, Germany.

4

Species:

Brassica napus

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

Tradename Kadore, Origin; KWS Saat AG / KWS Mais GMBH, Grimsehlstraße 31, 37574 Einbeck, Germany.

5

Species:

Daucus carota

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

Tradename Sugarsnax 54, F1, Origin; Hild Samen GMBH, Postfach1161, 71666 Marbach, Germany.

6

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

Tradename Merlin, Origin; Saatbau Linz, A-4021 Linz, Schimmerstraße 19, P.O.B. 317, Austria.

Study design

Test type:

seedling emergence toxicity test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

artificial soil

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Remarks:

Except for onion and carrot which was 28 days

Post exposure observation period:

No post exposure observation.

Test conditions

Test temperature:

Nominal range 12 - 32 °C, measured ranged between 17 - 22°C for A (oats, rape, soybean) and 15 - 21°C for B (onion, sugar beet and carrot)

pH:

N/A

Moisture:

Nominal range - 45 - 95 % relative humidity (RH), measured range 25 - 80% RH for A and 30-100% RH for B. The RH as occasionally <45% but is not considered to have influenced the plant growth.

Details on test conditions:

Non-porous plastic container (standard flower pots) with a diameter of ca. 12 cm were used. The pots were labelled with the study number and all necessary additional information to ensure unique identification. The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use. The test container was filled each with the same amount of treated soil and seeding holes were made with a seedling pistil. One seed was given into each hole and covered with soil. During cultivation the test container was bottom watered and fertilized as necessary.8 replicates were used per test concentration and control, tested in a randomised block design. 5 seeds were used per test container.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentrations: 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5 mg/kg DW

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Effect concentrations 2

Species:

Allium cepa

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Effect concentrations 3

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Effect concentrations 4

Species:

Brassica napus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Effect concentrations 5

Species:

Daucus carota

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Effect concentrations 6

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Effect concentrations 7

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Effect concentrations 8

Species:

Allium cepa

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Effect concentrations 9

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Effect concentrations 10

Species:

Brassica napus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

909 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks on result:

other: 786->1000

Effect concentrations 11

Species:

Daucus carota

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Effect concentrations 12

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Details on results:

At the end of the exposure period EC50 values for all plant species based on seedling emergence were greater than 1000 mg/kg dry weight (dw) soil, corresponding NOEC's were 500 mg/kg dw soil for onion, sugar beet and rape and 1000 mg/kg dw for oats, carrot and soybean. Based on growth EC50 values were >1000 mg/kg dw soil for all species apart from oilseed rape where the EC50 was calculated to be 909 mg/kg dw soil, corresponding NOECs were 250 mg/kg dw for rape, 500 mg/kg dw for oats, onion, sugar beet and carrot and 1000 mg/kg dw for soybean.

At test end slight test item related phytotoxic effects occurred for the plant species sugar beet at the test concentration 1000 mg/kg DW. For the plant species oats, onion, rape, carrot and soybean no test item related phytotoxic effects were determined up to the highest tested concentration of 1000 mg/kg DW

Results with reference substance (positive control):

N/A

Reported statistics and error estimates:

One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was carried out for the determination of statistically significant differences compared to control replicates. When running a One Way Analysis of Variance, a Normality test and an Equal Variance test were done first. P-values for both, Normality and Equal Variance test, are 0.05.

EC25- and EC50-values were calculated by sigmoidal dose- response regression. Calculation of the confidence intervals for EC-values was carried out using standard procedures.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table1:          Shoot Height: NOEC, EC₂₅- and EC₅₀-Values with Confidence Range (p)

Species		NOEC [mg/kg DW]		EC25 [mg/kg DW]		p = 95% [mg/kg DW]		EC50 [mg/kg DW]		p = 95% [mg/kg DW]
Oats		1000		> 1000		–		> 1000		–
Onion		500		> 1000		–		> 1000		–
Sugar beet		500		> 1000		–		> 1000		–
Rape		500		> 1000		–		> 1000		–
Carrot		1000		> 1000		–		> 1000		–
Soybean		1000		> 1000		–		> 1000		–

 

Table2:          Shoot Fresh Weight:NOEC, EC₂₅- and EC₅₀-Values with Confidence Range (p)

Species		NOEC [mg/kg DW]		EC25 [mg/kg DW]		p = 95% [mg/kg DW]		EC50 [mg/kg DW]		p = 95% [mg/kg DW]
Oats		500		> 1000		–		> 1000		–
Onion		500		797		621 - >1000		> 1000		–
Sugar beet		500		723		542 - 879		> 1000		–
Rape		250		525		413 - 635		909		786 - >1000
Carrot		500		568		360 - 934		> 1000		–
Soybean		1000		> 1000		–		> 1000		–

Table3:          Number of Emerged Seedlings: NOEC, EC₂₅- and EC₅₀-Values with Confidence Range (p)

Species	NOEC [mg/kg DW]	EC25 [mg/kg DW]	p = 95% [mg/kg DW]	EC50 [mg/kg DW]	p = 95% [mg/kg DW]
Oats	1000	> 1000	–	> 1000	–
Onion	1000	> 1000	–	> 1000	–
Sugar beet	1000	> 1000	–	> 1000	–
Rape	1000	> 1000	–	> 1000	–
Carrot	1000	> 1000	–	> 1000	–
Soybean	1000	> 1000	–	> 1000	–

-) Not determinable

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The toxic effects of Soybeanoil, epoxidized to 6 terrestrial plants was determined in seedling emergence and seedling growth tests over a period of 21 days (Onion and carrot: 28 days), from 2015-01-13 to 2015-05-06 according to OECD 208 (July 2006). The seedling emergence EC50 for all 6 plant species was >1000 mg/kg DW. The shoot height EC50 for all 6 plant species was >1000 mg/kg DW. The shoot weight EC50 value for all 6 plant species except rape was >1000 mg/kg DW. The EC50 for rape was 909 mg/kg DW. The results of the control for all plant species met the required validity criteria.

Executive summary:

The toxic effects of Soybeanoil, epoxidized to Avena sativa (oats), Allium sepa (onion), Beta vulgaris (sugar beet), Brassica napus (rape), Daucus carota (carrot) and Glycine max (soybean) was determined in seedling emergence and seedling growth tests over a period of 21 days (for onion and carrot exposure was over 28 days), according to OECD 208 (July 2006). Test systems comprised of two monocotyledons, oats (Poaceae) and onion (Liliaceae), and four dicotyledons, sugar beet (Amaranthaceae), rape (Brassicaceae), carrot (Umbelliferae) and soybean (Leguminosae). The test was conducted with the nominal test concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg dw (soil dry weight). The NOEC values, as well as the calculated EC-values were calculated for seedling emergence, shoot weight and shoot height. The seedling emergence EC50 for all plant species was >1000mg/kg dw, and the corresponding NOECs were all 1000 mg/kg dw. The shoot height EC50 for all six plant species was >1000mg/kg dw and the corresponding NOECs were 500 mg/kg dw soil for onion, sugar beet and rape and 1000 mg/kg dw soil for oats, carrot and soybean.   The shoot weight EC50 value for all six plant species except rape was>1000mg/kg dw, except for rape which was 909 mg/kg dw. The corresponding NOECs were 250 mg/kg dw for rape, 500 mg/kg dw for oats, onion, sugar beet and carrot and 1000 mg/kg dw for soybean. At test end slight test item related effects occurred for the plant species sugar beet at the test concentration 1000 mg/kg dw. For the plant species oats, onion, rape, carrot and soybean no test item related phytotoxic effects were determined up to the highest tested concentration of 1000 mg/kg dw. The results of the control for all plant species met the required validity criteria.