Nickel sulphate

Manufacture

Documents

Crystallisation from a purified nickel sulphate leachate

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or §§

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction Freshwater direct

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction Marine direct

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Purification

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Drying

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of low dusty materials

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

Filling of solutions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of solid materials in highly contained conditions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction - Direct discharge to fresh water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction - Direct discharge to marine water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Purification

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Drying

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

Control room operations

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of low dusty materials

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

Filling of solutions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of solid materials in highly contained conditions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Crystallisation from a purified nickel sulphate leachate

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation from a purified nickel sulphate leachate ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation from a purified nickel sulphate leachate ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

3.1 A purified NiSO4 leachate solution is obtained ready for processing

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

3.2 Crystallisation and separation of NiSO4.6H2O from this NiSO4 solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

3.3 Drying of NiSO4.6H2O

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

3.4 Packaging of NiSO46H2O

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

3.5 Cleaning and Maintenance

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term inhalable exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term inhalable exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Estimated w/ MEASE for PROC 2 (med. dustiness solid, > 25% conc., nondirect handling, nondispers. use, intermit. exp. >4 hr) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the long-term value, the long-term value is 0.11.

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.33.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Estimated w/ MEASE for PROC 2 (med. dustiness solid, > 25% conc., nondirect handling, nondispers. use, intermit. exp. >4 hr) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the long-term value, the long-term value is 0.11.

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.33.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile personal exposure estimate for packaging

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile personal exposure estimate for packaging

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 X long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 X long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction

Manufacture

Registration/ Notification status for the use:

use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction - Direct discharge to fresh water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction - Direct discharge to marine water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Purification

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Drying

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

Control room operations

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of low dusty materials

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

Filling of solutions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of solid materials in highly contained conditions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Manufacture of nickel sulphate (solution and crystals) from nickel hydroxycarbonate

Manufacture

Registration/ Notification status for the use:

use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate (solution and crystals) from nickel hydroxycarbonate - Direct discharge to fresh water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate (solution and crystals) from nickel hydroxycarbonate - Direct discharge to marine water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Preparation, purification and bulk storage of nickel sulphate solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Further processing of nickel sulphate solution to recover crystals of the solid nickel sulphate

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Solvent extraction of nickel sulphate leachate

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction of nickel sulphate leachate ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction of nickel sulphate leachate ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

2.1 Impure NiSO4 and nickel carbonate, NiCO3, are charged into a reactor and dissolved in sulfuric acid together with the solution of crude NiSO4.6H2O to give an impure NiSO4 solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

2.2 Purification of the impure NiSO4 solution by precipitation and separation of iron, Fe, and copper, Cu from solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

2.3 Removal of cobalt, Co, by solvent extraction of the purified NiSO4 solution and recrystallisation (from the raffinate), separation and drying of NiSO4.6H2O

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

2.4 Packaging of NiSO46H2O into bags

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

2.5 Cleaning and Maintenance reported as examples

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term interpolated 75th percentile value aggregated over all activities

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term interpolated 75th percentile value aggregated over all activities

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile (full body exposure) based on packaging data from an analogous operation (packaging of NiSO46H2O). Qualitative assessment

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction

Manufacture

Reference

Reference 1

Name:

Nickel sulphate - LE composition

Type of composition:

legal entity composition of the substance

State / form:

other: water solution

Reference substance:

Nickel sulphate - LE composition

Reference 2

Name:

Nickel sulphate hexahydrate - LE composition

Type of composition:

legal entity composition of the substance

State / form:

solid: particulate/powder

Reference substance:

Nickel sulphate hexahydrate - LE composition

Reference 3

Name:

Nickel sulphate imported - LE composition

Type of composition:

legal entity composition of the substance

State / form:

solid: particulate/powder

Reference substance:

Nickel sulphate imported - LE composition

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction Freshwater direct

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction Marine direct

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Purification

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Drying

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of low dusty materials

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

Filling of solutions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of solid materials in highly contained conditions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Production of nickel sulphate

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC 0: Other: Manufacture and recycling of massive metal, metal powder or metal compounds; emission fraction (release after RMM): air: 0.03%; water: 0.02% (Specific Environmental Release Categories (SPERC) for metals and metal compounds (Eurometaux, 2010))

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Nickel sulphate production from copper refining

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Solvent extraction of nickel sulphate leachate

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Nickel sulphate production from copper refining

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Nickel sulphate production from copper refining ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Nickel sulphate production from copper refining ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

1.1 Reception of spent (Cu-Ni) electrolyte obtained from electrolysis (of Ni-containing Cu anode to give Cu cathode) from the copper refinery

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

1.2 Purification by de-copperisation of spent electrolyte to give a NiSO4 solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

1.3 Concentration of the NiSO4 solution by volume reduction and precipitation/crystallisation of NiSO46H2O or NiSO42H2O from the NiSO4 solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

1.4 Packaging of moist NiSO46H2O or NiSO42H2O crystals

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

1.5 Cleaning and Maintenance reported as examples of regular and service maintenance

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate for ‘evaporator and filter’ operator

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate for ‘evaporator and filter’ operator

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate for ‘evaporator and filter’ operator

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate for ‘evaporator and filter’ operator

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Dermal exposure likely to be sufficiently controlled by prevention of acid burns

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term respirable exposure value for filling and loading to containers.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term respirable exposure value for filling and loading to containers.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile (full body exposure) based on packaging data from an analogous operation (packaging of NiSO46H2O). Qualitative assessment

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Inhalable value estimated 2x respirable exposure level (personal, max. of 4 ranges for evaporators & crystalliser service) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the long-term value, the long-term value is 0.08.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term inhalable exposure value (estimated as twice the respirable exposure level) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.24.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Inhalable value estimated 2x respirable exposure level (personal, max. of 4 ranges for evaporators & crystalliser service) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the long-term value, the long-term value is 0.08.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term inhalable exposure value (estimated as twice the respirable exposure level) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.24.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile (full body exposure) based on packaging data from an analogous operation (packaging of NiSO46H2O). Qualitative assessment

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Crystallisation from a purified nickel sulphate leachate

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation from a purified nickel sulphate leachate ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation from a purified nickel sulphate leachate ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

3.1 A purified NiSO4 leachate solution is obtained ready for processing

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

3.2 Crystallisation and separation of NiSO4.6H2O from this NiSO4 solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

3.3 Drying of NiSO4.6H2O

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

3.4 Packaging of NiSO46H2O

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

3.5 Cleaning and Maintenance

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term inhalable exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term inhalable exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Estimated w/ MEASE for PROC 2 (med. dustiness solid, > 25% conc., nondirect handling, nondispers. use, intermit. exp. >4 hr) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the long-term value, the long-term value is 0.11.

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.33.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Estimated w/ MEASE for PROC 2 (med. dustiness solid, > 25% conc., nondirect handling, nondispers. use, intermit. exp. >4 hr) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the long-term value, the long-term value is 0.11.

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.33.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile personal exposure estimate for packaging

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile personal exposure estimate for packaging

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 X long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 X long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction - Direct discharge to fresh water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel sulphate from copper refining by crystallisation or from nickel sulphate leachate by crystallisation or by solvent extraction - Direct discharge to marine water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Purification

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Crystallisation

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Drying

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of low dusty materials

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

Filling of solutions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of solid materials in highly contained conditions

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Solvent extraction of nickel sulphate leachate

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction of nickel sulphate leachate ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Solvent extraction of nickel sulphate leachate ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

2.1 Impure NiSO4 and nickel carbonate, NiCO3, are charged into a reactor and dissolved in sulfuric acid together with the solution of crude NiSO4.6H2O to give an impure NiSO4 solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

2.2 Purification of the impure NiSO4 solution by precipitation and separation of iron, Fe, and copper, Cu from solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

2.3 Removal of cobalt, Co, by solvent extraction of the purified NiSO4 solution and recrystallisation (from the raffinate), separation and drying of NiSO4.6H2O

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

2.4 Packaging of NiSO46H2O into bags

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

2.5 Cleaning and Maintenance reported as examples

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term interpolated 75th percentile value aggregated over all activities

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term interpolated 75th percentile value aggregated over all activities

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile (full body exposure) based on packaging data from an analogous operation (packaging of NiSO46H2O). Qualitative assessment

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Nickel sulphate production from copper refining

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Nickel sulphate production from copper refining ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Nickel sulphate production from copper refining ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

1.1 Reception of spent (Cu-Ni) electrolyte obtained from electrolysis (of Ni-containing Cu anode to give Cu cathode) from the copper refinery

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

1.2 Purification by de-copperisation of spent electrolyte to give a NiSO4 solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

1.3 Concentration of the NiSO4 solution by volume reduction and precipitation/crystallisation of NiSO46H2O or NiSO42H2O from the NiSO4 solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

1.4 Packaging of moist NiSO46H2O or NiSO42H2O crystals

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

1.5 Cleaning and Maintenance reported as examples of regular and service maintenance

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate for ‘evaporator and filter’ operator

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate for ‘evaporator and filter’ operator

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate for ‘evaporator and filter’ operator

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate for ‘evaporator and filter’ operator

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Dermal exposure likely to be sufficiently controlled by prevention of acid burns

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term respirable exposure value for filling and loading to containers.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term respirable exposure value for filling and loading to containers.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile (full body exposure) based on packaging data from an analogous operation (packaging of NiSO46H2O). Qualitative assessment

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Inhalable value estimated 2x respirable exposure level (personal, max. of 4 ranges for evaporators & crystalliser service) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the long-term value, the long-term value is 0.08.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term inhalable exposure value (estimated as twice the respirable exposure level) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.24.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Inhalable value estimated 2x respirable exposure level (personal, max. of 4 ranges for evaporators & crystalliser service) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the long-term value, the long-term value is 0.08.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term inhalable exposure value (estimated as twice the respirable exposure level) corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.24.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile (full body exposure) based on packaging data from an analogous operation (packaging of NiSO46H2O). Qualitative assessment

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure