Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 265-086-6 | CAS number: 64741-84-0 A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained as the raffinate from a solvent extraction process. It consists predominantly of aliphatic hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C5 through C11 and boiling in the range of approximately 35°C to 190°C (95°F to 374°F).
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
There are no toxicokinetic studies of gasoline or naphthas, per se. However, assessments of gasoline constituents can be used as the basis for understanding the toxicokinetics of gasoline or naphthas as complex substances.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
There are no experimental studies of the toxicokinetics of gasoline per se, but there have been numerous toxicokinetic studies of the major gasoline constituents. The principal route of exposure for most individuals is inhalation. It has been shown that absorption of inhaled constituents increases with increasing molecular weight, with n-paraffins being more highly absorbed than iso-paraffins and aromatics being more highly absorbed than the corresponding paraffins. The low molecular weight constituents (butanes and pentanes) are poorly absorbed and predominantly exhaled unchanged. The higher molecular weight constituents are more efficiently absorbed, with metabolism, normally to the corresponding alcohols, and excretion in the urine becoming increasingly important. About 15% of the butanes and pentanes are absorbed with biological half-times measured in minutes. About 25% of the hexanes and 50% of the higher molecular weight constituents are absorbed with biological half-times ranging from approximately 3-12 hours depending on whether the assessment is based on blood or urinary levels.
Dermal contact normally contributes little to overall dose as gasoline constituents in the vapor phase are poorly absorbed percutaneously. Studies with toluene indicate that dermal absorption from vapor is approximately 1% of the amount absorbed by inhalation. When contacted as liquid, gasoline constituents are also poorly absorbed if allowed to evaporate. However, if evaporation is impeded then the fraction absorbed can be substantial. Other toxicokinetic properties of percutaneously absorbed gasoline constituents are similar to material absorbed by inhalation.
Oral ingestion also normally contributes little to overall dose as gasoline is not intended for consumption. However, most of the constituents are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. An assumption of 100% bioavailability of ingested material is reasonable.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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