Gum turpentine oil, consisting of the volatile fraction resulting from the distillation of oleoresin collected by tapping softwoods from pinacea derivatives (genus: pinus). It consists of terpenes, mainly monoterpenes such as alpha-pinene and beta-pinene.

Boiling point

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

17 October 2017 - 24 October 2017

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

Well documented study performed according to OECD 103 guideline and EU method A.2, under GLP and without deviation

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 103 (Boiling Point)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method A.2 (Boiling Temperature)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

2017-01-10

Type of method:

differential scanning calorimetry

Boiling pt.:

ca. 158.5 °C

Atm. press.:

ca. 986 hPa

Decomposition:

no

Remarks on result:

other: First determination

Boiling pt.:

ca. 158.5 °C

Atm. press.:

ca. 986 hPa

Decomposition:

no

Remarks on result:

other: Second determination

Key result

Boiling pt.:

ca. 159.5 °C

Atm. press.:

ca. 101.3 kPa

Remarks on result:

other: Corrected value with the Sydney Young equation

Pre-study:

Peaks assigned to the boiling of the substance were observed and measurement was stopped at 235°C (Figure 1).Temperatures corresponding to these peaks were used to create the following temperature program:

Temperature program:

Step	Initial temperature (°C)	Final Temperature (°C)	Heating rate (°C/min)	Duration (min)	Furnace atmosphere	Rate* (mL/min)	Liquid nitrogen cooling
1	20	-120	10	14	He	60	YES
2	-120	-120	0	5	He	60	NO
3	-120	210	10	33	He	60	NO

*Gas injection rate in the furnace. 

First Determination: 

Mass taken: 10.37 mg

Results:

Initial boiling point is observed at 158.5°C (onset temperature of the first peak) and a corresponding mass loss is observed on the TG curve, showing that all the substance was evaporated at the end of the study.

The crucible was visually checked after the determination: by opening the crucible, no test item left in the crucible and no sign of decomposition was observed.

Atmospheric pressure: 986.0 hPa

Second Determination: 

Mass taken: 9.30 mg

Results:

Initial boiling point is observed at 158.5°C (onset temperature of the first peak) and a corresponding mass loss is observed on the TG curve, showing that all the substance was evaporated at the end of the study. 

The crucible was visually checked after the determination: by opening the crucible, no test item left in the crucible and no sign of decomposition was observed.

Atmospheric pressure: 986.0 hPa

Conclusions:

According to guideline OECD 103 and method EU A.2, the initial boiling point of substance GUM TURPENTINE OIL was determined as 159.5°C at 101.3 kPa after correction using the Sydney Young equation.

Executive summary:

A study was performed to determine the boiling point of test item GUM TURPENTINE OIL. The method used was Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and the test was conducted according to Regulation EC No. 440/2008 Method A.2. and OECD Test Guideline 103, "Boiling Point" (1995)

In this method, two crucibles were put in the apparatus furnace under inert atmosphere (helium) at atmospheric pressure. One crucible contained the test item, the other was empty and considered as the reference. A specific temperature program was applied. The crucibles were linked to two thermocouples fixed on the TG-DSC sample carrier. Heat flow differences between the two crucibles and mass variation were recorded on a thermogram.

A cooling system using liquid nitrogen allowed experiments with low temperatures down to -120°C.

Two trials were conducted and corresponding thermograms were obtained, giving us the following results:

Trial	Initial boiling point*	Ambient pressure
1	158.5 °C	986.0 hPa
2	158.5 °C	986.0 hPa

*: without Sydney-Young correction

The initial boiling point values respect validity criteria (less than 0.5°C of difference up to 326.85°C).

After correction using the Sydney Young equation, the initial boiling point of the substance was determined as 159.5 °C at 101.3 kPa (mean of 159.5°C for the first determination and 159.5°C for the second determination).

Reference 2

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

no data

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Remarks:

Information from a reference book containing peer reviewed physico-chemical data.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method followed unknown, data from handbook

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: no data

Key result

Boiling pt.:

>= 154 - <= 170 °C

Atm. press.:

ca. 101 325 Pa

None

Conclusions:

The reported boiling point of turpentine oil was 154-170 °C.

Executive summary:

The reported boiling point of turpentine oil was 154-170 °C.

The reliability of this result has been considered as 2 (reliable with restrictions) because ‘The Merck Index’ is a reference book cited in REACH Guidance Document R7a and containing peer reviewed physicochemical data.

Description of key information

The boiling range of turpentine oil is 154-170°C.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Boiling point at 101 325 Pa:

154 °C

Additional information

The boiling range of gum turpentine oil was reported in a peer reviewed reference book.