Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 239-289-5 | CAS number: 15245-12-2
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
A toxicokinetic assessment was performed based on the available data of the substance.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Bioaccumulation potential:
- low bioaccumulation potential
- Absorption rate - oral (%):
- 50
- Absorption rate - dermal (%):
- 50
- Absorption rate - inhalation (%):
- 50
Additional information
In aqueous environments, such as the body the nitric acid, ammonium calcium salt is completely dissociated into the calcium (Ca2 +), ammonium (NH4 +) and the nitrate (NO3-) ions.
Nitrate is reduced to nitrite by the enzyme nitrate reductase. This enzyme is found in plants, certain bacterial species, and mammalian gastric tissues. After ingestion, nitrates are reduced to nitrites by bacteria in the lower intestine of the adult. However, in babies, which have a physiological gastric achlorhydria (lack of HCl in the stomach), the reduction occurs in the stomach and duodenum from which the nitrites are readily absorbed into the blood stream. Furthermore, methemoglobin-reductase (NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase) in infants has not yet reached full activity. After absorption, nitrites convert oxyhemoglobin into methemoglobin and thus interfere with oxygen transport in the blood, resulting in methemoglobineamia (¿blue baby syndrome¿). Nitrites can also cause vasodilation, which, like methemoglobineamia, is dose-related.
The calcium cation is an essential ion, and is present in the blood and various body fluids, playing an important role in sustaining health. The Dutch Voedingscentrum does set an acceptable daily intake of 1000 -2500 mg calcium/day.
The ammonium cation is not an essential ion, but a toxic waste product from animal metabolism that is re-used in protein synthesis via glutamate. Depending on the animal species, ammonium will be directly excreted to the environment or it will first be converted to urea, which is less toxic and can be stored more efficiently.
Based on low MW, high water solubility, assumed low logPow high absorption is expected. However, the ion formation of the substance inmediately when in contact with a fluid decreases the absorption. Therefore, 50% absorption is taken for oral, dermal and inhalation exposure.
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