Glyoxylic acid

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

The oral LD50 value in the rat is 2528 mg/kg bw. The dermal LD50 in the rat was > 2000 mg/kg bw. The acute dermal toxicity study showed no mortality.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via oral route

Endpoint conclusion

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

2 528 mg/kg bw

Additional information

In an acute oral toxicity study groups of fasted, young adult Wistar rats (10/dose) were given a single oral dose of Glyoxylic Acid 50 % in water at doses of 1250, 2000, 3200 or 5000 mg/kg bw and observed for 14 days. In animals that died, a pale, white coloured small intestine was noted. Necropsy of animals that survived revealed no abnormalities. The oral LD50 value was calculated to be 2528 mg/kg bw.

The acute dermal toxicity of Glyoxylic Acid 50% was studied in the rat according to OECD TG 402 (adopted: 24 Feb. 1987). There were no deaths and no systemic response to treatment in any animal throughout the study. No dermal reactions were observed in any animal during the study. Low bodyweight gains were recorded for four females on day 8 and three females on day 15. All other animals were considered to have achieved satisfactory bodyweight gains throughout the study. Based on these results the acute lethal dermal dose to rats of Glyoxylic Acid 50% was demonstrated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bw.

No acute inhalation toxicity studies are available. Due to low acute oral and dermal toxicity, no systemic toxicity is expected after inhalation at dose levels relevant for classification and labelling.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the results of the acute oral and dermal key toxicity studies, Glyoxylic Acid 50% is not subjected to classification and labelling for acute toxic effects according to Directive 67/548/EEC and Regulation No. 1272/2008/EC.