2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in mammalian cells

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2012-02-24 to 2012-06-25

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2012

Report date:

2012

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 476 (In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test)

Version / remarks:

1997

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of assay:

mammalian cell gene mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine

EC Number:

203-614-9

EC Name:

2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine

Cas Number:

108-77-0

Molecular formula:

C3Cl3N3

IUPAC Name:

trichloro-1,3,5-triazine

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Remarks:

migrated information: powder

Method

Target gene:

thymidine kinase (TK) locus in L5178Y TK +/- mouse lymphoma cells

Species / strain

Species / strain / cell type:

mammalian cell line, other: L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell line

Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):

- Periodically checked for Mycoplasma contamination: yes
- Periodically checked for karyotype stability: yes
- Periodically "cleansed" against high spontaneous background: yes (against the TK -/- phenotyp)

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

Aroclor 1254-induced rat S9 fraction and an energy producing system comprised of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP, sodium salt) and glucose-6-phosphate

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

0, 12.5, 50, 125, 500, 1250 and 2500 µg/mL (preliminary cytotoxicity experiment)
0,1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5 and 25 µg/mL (mutagenicity test)

Vehicle / solvent:

Acetone

Controls

Untreated negative controls:

no

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

Remarks:

Acetone

True negative controls:

no

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

other: Methylmethanesulfonate (without metabolic activation), 3-Methylcholanthrene (with metabolic activation)

Remarks:

Positive controls were not used in the cytotoxicity assay

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

METHOD OF APPLICATION: in medium

DURATION
- Exposure duration: 3h and 24h without S9; 3h with S9 (two independent assays)
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): 2 - 3 days
- Fixation time (start of exposure up to fixation or harvest of cells): 14 to 17 days

SELECTION AGENT (mutation assays): 5-trifluoro-thymidine



DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: relative total growth;

Evaluation criteria:

Acceptance and evaluation criteria:

- The mutant frequency in the negative control falls within the normal range (historical mean value).
- The plating efficiency (Plating efficiency step 1 and step 2) of the negative control is ≥ 50%.
- At least one concentration of the positive control induces a clear increase in the mutant frequency (the mutant frequency of the positive control is ≥ 2 times the historical mean value of the negative control) with and without S9.
- The mean mutant frequencies (MF) in the negative (vehicle) control cultures fell within the normal range (50 to 170 mutants per 106 viable cells)
- At least one positive control should show either an absolute increase in mean total mutant frequencies (MF) of at least 300 x 10-6 (at least 40% of this should be in the small colony MF), or an increase in small colony mutant frequency of at least 150 x 10-6 above the concurrent vehicle control
- The mean relative Total Growth (RTG) for the positive controls should be greater than 10%
- The mean cloning efficiencies (CE) of the negative controls from the Mutation Experiments were between the range 65% to 120% two days after treatment
- The mean suspension growth (SG) of the negative control replicates from the Mutation Experiments was between the range 8 to 32 following 3-hour treatments or between 32 and 180 following 24-hour treatments
- There should be no excessive heterogeneity between replicate cultures.

Results and discussion

Test results

Species / strain:

mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Remarks:

25 µg/mL with and without S9

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

not examined

Positive controls validity:

valid

Additional information on results:

RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: In a preliminary experiment without and with metabolic activation pronounced to complete cytotoxicity (decreased survival) was noted starting at a concentration of 50 µg/mL. Hence, in the main study the concentration-range of 1.56 to 25 µg/mL was used in the experiments without and with metabolic activation.

COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA: The negative controls were consistent with the historical control data.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative without metabolic activation
negative with metabolic activation

Under the conditions of the present mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay in vitro no mutagenicity was observed for Cyanuric chloride with and without metabolic activation.