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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 203-962-1 | CAS number: 112-35-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Recent, well documented study published in open literature
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Severe Poisoning After Accidental Pediatric Ingestion of Glycol Ethers
- Author:
- Wang GS, Yin S, Shear B, Heard K
- Year:
- 2 012
- Bibliographic source:
- Pediatrics 130, p1026;
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- poisoning incident
- Endpoint addressed:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Case study
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Brake fluid (1%–30% triethylene glycol monomethyl ether)
- IUPAC Name:
- Brake fluid (1%–30% triethylene glycol monomethyl ether)
- Details on test material:
- Composition of brake fluid:
5%–50% polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether
15%–40% triethylene glycol monoethyl ether
1%–30% triethylene glycol monomethyl ether
1%–25% triethylene glycol monobutyl ether
1%–20% polyethylene glycol, monobutyl ether
1%–20% triethylene glycol
10% of other glycol ethers
Constituent 1
Method
- Type of population:
- general
- Subjects:
- - Number of subjects exposed: 1
- Sex: Male
- Age:22 month old child
- Known diseases: Healthy - Ethical approval:
- not applicable
- Route of exposure:
- oral
- Reason of exposure:
- accidental
- Exposure assessment:
- estimated
- Details on exposure:
- 330mls of brake fluid consumed. Assuming a mass of 12kg, this is estimated as a dose of 27g/kg.
- Examinations:
- - Urine analysis: Yes
- Haematology/clinical chemistry: Yes
- Lung function parameters: No - Medical treatment:
- patient was then intubated by using rocuronium, atropine, and etomidate. 15mg/kg Fomepizole administered and hemodialysis started 4.5hrs after ingestion. Dopamine infusion titrated to 10 mg/kg per minute to maintain normal blood pressures. 2 mEq/kg of sodium bicarbonate IV bolus.
Results and discussion
- Clinical signs:
- Somnolent but arousable. Heart rate 173 bpm, respiratory rate was 36 bpm, temperature 37.4°C, blood pressure was 96/38 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation of 90% to 93% on room air.
- Results of examinations:
- - Urine analysis: normal.
- Haematology/clinical chemistry: metabolic acidosis with an anion gap of 18. Normal haematology and serum transaminase levels.
- Other: CAT scan showed normal brain function. - Effectivity of medical treatment:
- Neither progression nor improvement in clinical or metabolic status was noted after the fomepizole.
- Outcome of incidence:
- Patient discharged on day 3 fully recovered with no complications.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The authors noted that most pediatric ingestions of glycol ethers are accidental and small in amount, do not develop clinical sequelae, and that very few cases require treatment. This suggests a low order of acute toxicity to humans.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
A young child (22 months old) accidentally consumed a very large dose of brake fluid, which is predominantly composed of triethylene glycol alkyl ethers (where the alkyl is either methyl, ethyl or butyl). The dose was estimated to be in excess of 20g/kg. Exposure triggered severe metabolic acidosis and other clinical symptoms briefly requiring intensive care, including haemodialysis, but the patient fully recovered within 3 days with no complications.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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