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EC number: 202-627-7 | CAS number: 98-01-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicity to reproduction: other studies
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to reproduction: other studies
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well documented study with some restrictions
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- NTP Technical report on the the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of furfural (CAS NO. 98-01-1) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (gavage studies)
- Author:
- Irwin R
- Year:
- 1 990
- Bibliographic source:
- NIH publication No. 90-2837. National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- 13 week study to evaluate the cumulative toxic effects of repeated administration of furfural and to determine the doses to be used in 2 year study. The publication also includes 16 day and 2 year studies. Only the 13 week study is reported in this summary and only the results relating to the reproductive organs are discussed. The data from the two year assay are not considered relevant for potential reproductive effects given the age of the animals at the time of evaluation.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- in vivo
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-furaldehyde
- EC Number:
- 202-627-7
- EC Name:
- 2-furaldehyde
- Cas Number:
- 98-01-1
- Molecular formula:
- C5H4O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-furaldehyde
- Details on test material:
- - Lot no.: Q112979
- Source: Quaker Oats Co., Chicago, IL, USA
- Appearance: Clear, yellow liquid
- Purity: 99%
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- B6C3F1
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Breeding Laboratories, Kingston, NY, USA
- Age at study initiation: 8-9 weeks
- Housing: 5 animals/polycarbonate cage
- Diet (ad libitum): NIH07 Rat and Mouse Ration (Ziegler Bros., Inc., Gardners, PA, USA
- Water (ad libitum): automatic
- Acclimation period: 14 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°F): 72-76
- Humidity (%): 34-60
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: To: 22 Jan 1981 - 27 April 1981
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- corn oil
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- No data reported
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 5 days/week for 13 weeks
- Frequency of treatment:
- once daily
- Duration of test:
- 13 weeks
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
75, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg bw/day
Basis:
nominal conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- Organ weights obtained at necropsy. The following tissues examined histologically for all controls and mice receiving 300, 600 or 1200 mg/kg/day: adrenal glands, brain, colon, esophagus, eyes (if grossly abnormal), femur or sternebrae or vertebrae including marrow, gall bladder, gross lesions and tissue masses with regional lymph nodes, heart, kidneys, liver, lungs and mainstem bronchi, mammary gland, mandibular or mesenteric lymph nodes, nasal passage and turbinates, pancreas, parathyroid glands, pituitary gland, preputial gland, prostate/testes or ovaries/uterus, salivary glands, small intestine, spinal cord (if neurologic signs present), spleen, stomach, thymus, thyroid gland, trachea, and urinary bladder.
- Statistics:
- No details
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 300 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: no reported effects on the weight or histology of the reproductive organs at this lethal dose
Observed effects
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- 13 weeks of oral administration of furfural at 300 mg/kg/day caused reduced body weight and increased liver weight in mice but no effects on the weights or histology of any of the reproductive organs were reported.
- Executive summary:
The purpose of this 13 week study was to evaluate the cumulative toxic effects of repeated administration of furfural and to determine the doses to be used in a 2 year mouse study. The data from the two year assay are not considered relevant for potential reproductive effects given the age of the animals at the time of evaluation.
In the 13 week study, the dose levels of 600 and 1200 mg/kg/day were lethal to the mice. 300 mg/kg/day caused reduced body weight and increased liver weight but no effects on the weights or histology of any of the reproductive organs were reported.
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