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Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

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Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference
Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
from 1994-02-17 to 1994-05-26
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: OECD guideline 208 "Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test", adopted 4 April 1984
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- Method of mixing into soil:
Main test 1: 0,16 g of test substance were mixed with 20 g silica sand and 1680 g soil
Main test 2: 0,06 g of test substance were mixed with 20 g silica sand and 580 g soil

- Controls: yes, soil
Species:
Triticum aestivum
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: wheat
- Plant family: Poaceae
- Variety: not mentioned
- Source of seed: Hüls Gartenbaubetrieb, Marl, Germany
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: not mentioned
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): not tested
- Seed storage: not mentioned
Species:
Brassica alba
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: mustard
- Plant family: Brassicaceae
- Variety: not mentioned
- Source of seed: Hüls Gartenbetriebe, Marl, Germany
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: not mentioned
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): not tested
- Seed storage: not mentioned
Species:
Lepidum sativum
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: garden cress
- Plant family: Brassicaceae
- Variety: not mentioned
- Source of seed: Hüls Gartenbetriebe, Marl, Germany
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: not mentioned
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): not tested
- Seed storage: not mentioned
Test type:
seedling emergence toxicity test
Study type:
laboratory study
Substrate type:
artificial soil
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
17 d
Remarks:
18 days for Lepidum sativum and Triticum aestivum
Post exposure observation period:
none
Test temperature:
Main test 1: 22 - 25 °C
Main test 2: 22 - 26 °C
pH:
Main test 1: 6.7
Main test 2: 6.8
Moisture:
approx. 60 % (maximum holding water capacity) at the beginning of the test, no further details mentioned
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: partly air-conditioned room, no further details mentioned
- Test container (type, material, size): flowerpots of black plastics (diameter top/bottom approx. 8/6 cm; height approx. 6 cm)
- Amount of soil: 100 g test substrate per planting pot
- Method of seeding: not mentioned
- No. of seeds per container: 5
- No. of plants (retained after thinning): no thinning performed
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 20 (for each plant species 4 replicates with 5 seeds each)
- No. of replicates per control: 20 (4 replicates with 5 seeds each)



SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Composition (if artificial substrate): corresponded to the requirements of the guideline, no further details mentioned
- Organic carbon (%): < 1.5 %
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): approx. 60 %
- CEC: not mentioned
- Pretreatment of soil: sieved with 0.5 cm mesh, no further details mentioned
- Storage (condition, duration): not mentioned


NUTRIENT MEDIUM: not used


GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light, 8 h darkness
- Light source: not mentioned
- Light intensity and quality: 1000 - 2000 Lux (day) in main test 1 and approx. 1500 Lux (day) in main test 2, approx. 50 Lux (night)
- Day/night temperatures: 22 - 26 °C, not differentiated between day and night
- Relative humidity (%): 90 - 98 %
- Wind velocity: not applicable
- Air exchange rate: not mentioned
- Watering regime and schedules:
- Water source/type: not mentioned
- Volume applied: not mentioned
- Interval of applications: once to twice per week
- Method of application: not mentioned
- Any pest control method/fertilization (if used): not used

ACCLIMATION PERIOD: not mentioned


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : emergence of seeds, weight of overground part of plant at the end of the test


- Phytotoxicity rating system (if used): not used
Nominal and measured concentrations:
100 mg /kg soil (nominal)
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Species:
Triticum aestivum
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
seedling emergence
Species:
Triticum aestivum
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
growth
Species:
Brassica alba
Duration:
17 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
seedling emergence
Species:
Brassica alba
Duration:
17 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
growth
Species:
Lepidum sativum
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
seedling emergence
Species:
Lepidum sativum
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
growth
Details on results:
SEEDLING EMERGENCE
- Percent seedling emergence: see below
- Percent survival: see below
- Plant height: not measured
- Dry weight: not measured, fresh weight was measured: see below
- Abnormal seed development or appearance: not determined
- Other effects: none
Results with reference substance (positive control):
no reference substance tested
Reported statistics and error estimates:
no statistics performed as the mean values of the 100 mg/kg group were equal or slightly better than the values of the control group

- Nominal concentrations: 100 mg/kg dry soil

- Effect data: Wheat

- Emergence: 100% (20/20)

- mean fresh weight: 336 ± 90 mg

Control:

- Emergence: 85% (17/20)

- mean fresh weight: 325 ± 73 mg

- Effect data: Cress

- Emergence: 100% (20/20)

- mean fresh weight: 90 ± 24 mg

Control:

- Emergence: 90% (18/20)

- mean fresh weight: 89 ± 20 mg

- Effect data: Mustard

- Emergence: 90% (18/20)

- mean fresh weight: 172 ± 32 mg

Control:

- Emergence: 90% (18/20)

- mean fresh weight: 160 ± 42 mg

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
At least 85% of the control seeds produced healthy seedlings.
Conclusions:
All tested species showed no phytotoxic effects at the tested concentration of 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, mixed decyl and octyl triesters compared to the control. The LC50 for seedling emergence and the EC50 for growth of Triticum aestivum, Lepidium sativum and Brassica alba were therefore observed to be greater than 100 mg/kg dry soil.
Executive summary:

The test item 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, mixed decyl and octyl triesters was tested on effects of seedling emergence and seedling growth on three non-target plant species representing three plant families according to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 208.

For the test the following plant species were selected: wheat (Triticum aestivum) for Category 1, mustard (Brassica alba) for Category 2 and cress (Lepidium sativum) for Category 3. A control and one limit concentration of 100 mg/kg dry soil (nominal) were tested for each species. For the limit concentration the test substance was mixed with silica sand and then incorporated into soil in which the seeds were sown. The number of seedlings that emerged were recorded. After 17 days in the test with Brassica alba resp. 18 days in the test with Triticum aestivum and Lepidium sativum the plants were harvested and weighed.

All tested species showed no phytotoxic effects at the tested concentration of WITAMOL 218 compared to the control. The LC50 for seedling emergence and the EC50 for growth of Triticum aestivum, Lepidium sativum and Brassica alba were therefore observed to be greater than 100 mg/kg dry soil.

Description of key information

All tested species showed no phytotoxic effects at the tested concentration of 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, mixed decyl and octyl triesters compared to the control. The LC50 for seedling emergence and the EC50 for growth of Triticum aestivum, Lepidium sativum and Brassica alba were therefore observed to be greater than 100 mg/kg dry soil.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:
100 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information