Glycerol trinitrate

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

November 1987-March 1991

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Meets National standards method with acceptable resctrictions.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ASTM Designation E 729-80 (ASTM, 1980)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- The stability of the NG stock solution were periodically checked during storage to assure that no decomposition occured. Standard solutions of NG were prepared by dilution of the stock solution freshly prepared each day of analysis. Standard solutions with concentrations of 10.0, 5.0, 2.5, and 1.0 µl/L were used.- Aqueous samples from bioassays were injected directly into HPLC after filtration to remove particles > 0,45 µm.In the cases where samples could not be analysed immediately following filtration, the filtered samples were stored at 4°C in amber glass vials fitted with Teflon-lined caps and analyzedwithin 24 h from the time the samples were originally taken from the test aquaria.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION - Basic solution (the shipment): 1 g NG dissolved in JHU/APL well water. NG solutions were keep in the dark at 4°C in glass bottles.- NG stock solutions were prepared by adding appropriate amounts of the material to aerated JHU/APL well water and stirred for 4 to 8 h. No NG stock solutions were heated during preparation or filtering at 0.45 µm. All stock solutions were prepared in amber glass containers.

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM- Common name: Fathead minnow- Source: the JHU/APL culture. The JHU/APL culture was initiated with mature fathead minnows obtained from the U.S.EPA Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Cincinnati, Ohio.- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): juvenile (20 days)- Mean length (control organisms) at study end: 10.7 +/- 1.9 mm(n=10)- Mean dry weight (control organisms) at study end: 3.8 +/- 2.5 mg (n=10)- Method of breeding: Spawning fish were cultured in fiber glass tanks containing JHU/APL well water held at 25 +/- 1 °C. The spawning adults were fed a diet of frozen brine shrimp (Artemia sp.) and TetraMin® staple food. twice daily.Excess food was removed daily. Five sets of spawning fathead minnows were maintained in the culture tanks at ration of 1 male : 3 females. Replacement spawners were rotated at approx. 3-month intervals. Fathead minnow embryos were collected on spawning substrates. Fry were reared on brine shrimp nauplii in 19 L aquaria at 25 +/- 1°C in JHU/APL well water.ACCLIMATION- Since they had been bred and raised under the test conditions, no acclimatization was necessary.

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

199 (120-240) mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

25.3 (24.7-25.7)°C

pH:

7.4 (7-7.9)

Dissolved oxygen:

7.4 (7-7.9) mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentration: 1.04, 1.76, 3.68, 4.8, 8 mg/LMeasured concentartion (mean): 0.94, 1.63, 3.53, 4.51, 7.71 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM- Test vessel: 10-L glass aquarium- Fill volume: 6.4 L- Volume additions per day: 4.8 L (mean volume addition per day for the complete exposure period)- Type of flow-through: solenoid-activated proportional dilutor systems- No. of organisms per vessel: 10- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2- Biomass loading rate: 0.03 g/L (mean loading (g wet weight/L) at the end of the exposure period for control organisms)TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS- Source/preparation of dilution water: Non-chlorinated deep well located at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) in Shady Side, MD.- Total organic carbon: 19 mg/L- Metals: Sb, As, Be, Pb, se, Tl < 0.005 mg/L, Cd < 0.001 mg/L, Cr < 0.05 mg/L, Cu < 0.02 mg/L, Hg < 0.0002 mg/L, Ni < 0.2 mg/L, Ag <0.01 mg/L, Zn < 0.04 mg/L- Alkalinity:100 mg CaCO3/L- Conductivity: 345 µmhos/cm- The water used in was analyzed for 43 Priority Pollutants, eight nonpriority, but "Hazardous" substances, 26 pesticides, and 13 metals. None of them were detected with detection limits of 2, 2, 0.1 µg/, and <0.2 - <0.0002 mg/, respectively.- Intervals of water quality measurement: A comprehensive chemical analysis of the well water was conducted two times during the study. The analyses were separated by approx. 18 months.OTHER TEST CONDITIONS- Photoperiod:16-h light:8-h dark- Light intensity: fluorescent lights, 60-85 foot candles at the surface of test chambersEFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrsTEST CONCENTRATIONS- Concentrations for the determinative evaluations were set with two objectives: 1) a geometric series of five concentrations with a dilution factor of 0.6 and 2) two of the five concentrations to produce approximately 84% survival and 84% death, respectively.

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

3.58 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 2.91-4.41 mg/L

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The LC50 values and their 95% fiducial limits were determined by the probit method, using an EPA statistical program (Stephan, 1978). In all cases, thegoodness of fit probability of the data was >0.05.

Conclusions:

The 96 hr. LC50 for fingerling fathead minnows in this flow-through study was 3.58 mg/L.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

November 1987-March 1991

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Meets National standards method with acceptable resctrictions.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ASTM Designation E 729-80 (ASTM, 1980)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- The stability of the NG stock solution were periodically checked during storage to assure that no decomposition occured. Standard solutions of NG were prepared by dilution of the stock solution freshly prepared each day of analysis. Standard solutions with concentrations of 10.0, 5.0, 2.5, and 1.0 µl/L were used.- Aqueous samples from bioassays were injected directly into HPLC after filtration to remove particles > 0,45 µm.In the cases where samples could not be analysed immediately following filtration, the filtered samples were stored at 4°C in amber glass vials fitted with Teflon-lined caps and analyzedwithin 24 h from the time the samples were originally taken from the test aquaria.

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION - Basic solution (the shipment): 1 g NG dissolved in 1 L of ethanol. NG solutions were keep in the dark at 4°C in glass bottles.- NG stock solutions were prepared by adding appropriate amounts of the material to aerated JHU/APL well water and stirred for 4 to 8 h. No NG stock solutions were heated during preparation or filtering at 0.45 µm. All stock solutions were prepared in amber glass containers.- Chemical name of vehicle: ethanol

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM- Common name: Rainbow trout- Source: Pennsylvania Fish Commission, Reynoldsdale Fish Culture Station, New Paris, PA- Age at study initiation: fingerling (48-49 d)- Mean length (control organisms) at study end: 29.5 +/- 1.4 mm (mean size of control organisms)- Mean weight (control organisms) at study end: 314 +/- 50 mg (mean wet weight)ACCLIMATION- Acclimation period: 14-16 d prior to testing- Acclimation conditions: in aerated JHU/APL well water at 12 +/- 1°C- Type and amount of food:ground SalmonStarter Meal (Zielger Brothers, Gardners, PA)- Feeding frequency: three times dailyon weekdays and twice on weekends

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

(176-189) mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

11.5 (10.7-11.9) °C181

pH:

8.3 (7.8-8.9)

Dissolved oxygen:

9.7 (9-10.2) mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentration: 1, 1.67, 2.78, 4.63, 7.72 mg/LMeasured concentration (mean): 0.91, 1.46, 2.47, 3.89, 6.25 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM- Test vessel: 10-L glas aquarium- Fill volume: 6.4 LVolume additions per day: 6 L (mean volume addition per day for the complete exposure period)- Type of flow-through: solenoid-activated proportional dilutor systems- No. of organisms per vessel: 10- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 2- Biomass loading rate: 0.03 g/L (mean loading (g wet weight/L) at the end of the exposure period for control organisms)TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS- Source/preparation of dilution water: Non-chlorinated deep well located at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) in Shady Side, MD.- Total organic carbon: 19 mg/L- Metals: Sb, As, Be, Pb, se, Tl < 0.005 mg/L, Cd < 0.001 mg/L, Cr < 0.05 mg/L, Cu < 0.02 mg/L, Hg < 0.0002 mg/L, Ni < 0.2 mg/L, Ag <0.01 mg/L, Zn < 0.04 mg/L- Alkalinity: 100 (80-130) mg CaCO3/L- Conductivity: 345 (300-390) µmhos/cm- The water used in was analyzed for 43 Priority Pollutants, eight nonpriority, but "Hazardous" substances, 26 pesticides, and 13 metals. None of them were detected with detection limits of 2, 2, 0.1 µg/, and <0.2 - <0.0002 mg/, respectively.- Intervals of water quality measurement: A comprehensive chemical analysis of the well water was conducted two times during the study. The analyses were separated by approx. 18 months.OTHER TEST CONDITIONS- Adjustment of pH:- Photoperiod: 16-h light:8-h dark- Light intensity: fluorescent lights, 60-85 foot candles at the surface of the test chambersEFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrsTEST CONCENTRATIONS- Concentrations for the determinative evaluations were set with two objectives: 1) a geometric series of five concentrations with a dilution factor of 0.6 and 2) two of the five concentrations to produce approximately 84% survival and 84% death, respectively.

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

1.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 1.69-2.14 mg/L

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The LC50 values and their 95% fiducial limits were determined by the probit method, using an EPA statistical program (Stephan, 1978). In all cases, thegoodness of fit probability of the data was >0.05.

Conclusions:

The 96 hr. LC50 for fingerling rainbow trout in this flow-through study was 1.90 mg/L.

Description of key information

The contact of the nitroglycerine with the marine water is impossible in normal conditions of its production and using of explosives.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

1.98 mg/L