3-chloropropene

Phototransformation in air

Administrative data

Endpoint:

phototransformation in air

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The studies were performed in accordance with sound scientific methods developed by the Statewide Air Pollution Reserach Center (SAPRC) and also in cooperation with the US Environmental Protection Agency. It was not conducted according to GLP.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1987

Report date:

1986

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPPTS 835.2310 (Maximum Direct Photolysis Rate in Air from UV/Visible Spectroscopy)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Experiments involving OH and NO3 radical reactions were conducted in the SAPRC 5800-litre evacuable, Teflon-coated environmental chamber, with irradiation provided by a 24 KW Xenon arc, or in a 6400-litre all-Teflon chamber with backlamp irradiation. Experiments concerning O3 reactions were carried out in a 175-litre FEP Teflon reaction bag. In the kinetic experiments, the disappearance of organic reactants was monitored by gas chromatography and/or long pathlength Fourier transform absorption spectroscopy prior to and during irradiation. The reaction products of OH-radical initiated reactions with organics were studied in the 5800-litre chamber using in situ longpath FT-IR spectroscopy or off-line GC or GC-MS analysis of grab samples from the chamber.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

3-chloropropene

EC Number:

203-457-6

EC Name:

3-chloropropene

Cas Number:

107-05-1

Molecular formula:

C3H5Cl

IUPAC Name:

3-chloroprop-1-ene

Details on test material:

no data

Study design

Light source:

Xenon lamp

Light spectrum: wavelength in nm:

> 290 - 800

Details on test conditions:

The tests were performed at room temperature in evacuable Teflon-coated or all-Teflon environmental chambers or reaction bags. The allyl chloride concentrations for studies on reaction with O3 were 2.13, 4.78, 7.24 and 9.73e-14 molecules per cm3. Ethene was used as the reference substance in the experiments for the investigation of the reaction with NO3. The reaction with OH radical was studied with propene as the reference substance. The initial concentrations of the reactants were 2.4e14 molecules of CH3ONO per cm3, 1.2 to 2.4 e14 molecules of NO per cm3, 3.8 to 4.8 e14 molecules of allyl chloride per cm3 and 3.6 to 4.8e14 molecules of propene per cm3.

Reference substance:

yes

Remarks:

ethene (NO3 reaction) and propene (OH reaction)

Results and discussion

Dissipation half-life of parent compound

Dissipation half-life of parent compound 1

DT50:

1.4 d

Test condition:

OH radical reaction, 1e6 molecules per cm3, 12-hour daytime

Dissipation half-life of parent compound 2

DT50:

10 d

Test condition:

O3 reaction, 7e11 molecules per cm3, 24 hour period

Dissipation half-life of parent compound 3

DT50:

160 d

Test condition:

NO3 radical reaction, 2.4e8 molecules per cm3, 12-hour nighttime

Transformation products:

yes

Identity of transformation products

Identity of transformation products 1

No.:

#1

Reference

Reference substance name:

Unnamed

IUPAC name:

formaldehyde

Inventory number:

InventoryMultipleMappingImpl [inventoryEntryValue=EC 200-001-8]

CAS number:

50-00-0

Identity of transformation products 2

No.:

#2

Reference

Reference substance name:

Unnamed

IUPAC name:

hypochlorous acid

Inventory number:

InventoryMultipleMappingImpl [inventoryEntryValue=EC 232-232-5]

CAS number:

7790-92-3

Identity of transformation products 3

No.:

#3

Reference

Reference substance name:

Unnamed

IUPAC name:

glycolaldehyde

Inventory number:

InventoryMultipleMappingImpl [inventoryEntryValue=EC 205-484-9]

CAS number:

141-46-8

Identity of transformation products 4

No.:

#4

Reference

Reference substance name:

Unnamed

IUPAC name:

chloroacetaldehyde

Inventory number:

InventoryMultipleMappingImpl [inventoryEntryValue=EC 203-472-8]

CAS number:

107-20-0

Identity of transformation products 5

No.:

#5

Reference

Reference substance name:

Unnamed

IUPAC name:

Peroxynitrates

Identifier:

common name

Identity:

Peroxynitrates

Identity of transformation products 6

No.:

#6

Reference

Reference substance name:

Unnamed

IUPAC name:

Nitrates

Identifier:

common name

Identity:

Nitrates

Results with reference substance:

Reference substances decayed as expected in the experiments.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The experiments performed with 3-chloropropene indicated that reaction with photolytically produced OH radical is the main process of removal of the substance from the atmosphere with an experimentally determined half-life of 1.4 days. Reaction with ozone was less important with a half-lfe of 10 days. Reaction with NO3 radical was negligible with a half-life of 160 days.

Executive summary:

The removal of 3-chloropropene from the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced OH and NO3 radical and ozone was tested in accordance to methods similar to those laid down in the relevant US EPA guidelines by using a well-documented and extensively tested method of the Statewide Air Pollution Research Center (California) involving the use of Teflon-coated or all-Teflon environmental chambers or reaction bags. The OH radical was generated by applying light at wavelengths of greater 290 nm from a Xenon arc (12 hours daytime) with methyl nitrite. The disappearance of organic reactants was monitored by gas chromatography and/or long pathlength Fourier transform absorption spectroscopy. The reaction products of OH radical initiated reactions were investigated by using FT-IR spectroscopy or off-line GC or GC-MS analysis. The experiments showed that 3-chloropropene is removed from the atmosphere mainly by OH-radical induced reaction with a half-life of 1.4 days. The dissipation half-life for reaction with ozone was 10 days and the half-life for reaction with NO3 radical was 160 days. The major reaction products of the chemical reaction of 3-chloropropene with the three chemical species are formaldehyde, hypochloric acid, glycolaldehyde, chloroacetaldehyde and peroxynitrates and nitrates.