Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 200-830-5 | CAS number: 75-00-3
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: short-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 12 OCT - 16 DEC 1993
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP - guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The test method was modelled after OECD guideline 208 but adapted to the gaseous nature of the test substance. Thus, the substance was not mixed with soil but the plants were exposed to the gas in closed chambers. In contrast to the guideline only the effect was only tested with two plant species. Two assays were conducted. In a first assay both plant species were exposed. In the second assay only Lepidum sativum was exposed to the substance.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 10 ppmv and 100 ppmv nominal
- Sampling method: samples for gas chromatographic analysis of ethylchlorid within the gas phase were taken from the influent and effluent - Vehicle:
- no
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Plant group:
- Monocotyledonae (monocots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: oat
- Plant family: Poaceae
- Source of seed: Hüls Gartenbaubetrieb - Species:
- Lepidum sativum
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: garden cress
- Plant family: Brassicaceae
- Source of seed: Hüls Gartenbaubetrieb - Test type:
- vegetative vigour test
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- natural soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 17 d
- Test temperature:
- Assay 1: 20 - 26 °C
Assay 2: 23 - 29 °C - pH:
- 6.0
- Moisture:
- approximately 60% of maximum water holding capacity
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Hüls AG, Marl, Germany
- Test container (type, material, size): plastic pots covered with filter paper exposed to the substance in a closed chamber (volume: 74 L)
- Amount of soil: 100 g
- Method of seeding: seeds were given to the substrate (no further information concerning method of seeding)
- No. of seeds per container: 5
- No. of plants (retained after thinning): no thinning
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4
- No. of replicates per control: 4
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Soil taxonomic classification: LUFA soil according to OECD 208
- Organic carbon (%): 1.34 ± 0.14%
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): no data
GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 light / 8 darkness
- Light source: mercury vapour lamp
- Light intensity and quality: 2000 - 4000 lux - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 0, 10 and 100 ppmv (mL/m³)
measured: the measured values for 100 ppmv were reduced by 4 - 21 % compared to the concentrations measured in the supply air. The concentrations at 10 ppmv remained constant in supply and exhaust air. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Species:
- Lepidum sativum
- Duration:
- 17 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 264.1 other: mg/m^3
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- Analytically confirmed (ca. 98% of nominal)
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks on result:
- other: Original concentration value given as 100 ppm_v
- Key result
- Species:
- Lepidum sativum
- Duration:
- 17 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 26.4 other: mg/m^3
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- Analytically confirmed (ca. 112 % of nominal)
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks on result:
- other: Original concentration value given as 10 ppm_v
- Species:
- Avena sativa
- Duration:
- 17 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 265.4 other: mg/m^3
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- Analytically confirmed (ca. 98% of nominal)
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- and emergence
- Remarks on result:
- other: Original concentration value given as 100 ppm_v
- Details on results:
- Avena sativa:
no effects on plant growth were be observed. No morphological anomalies observed.
Lepidium sativum:
Assay1:
Plant growth was 20% reduced after exposure to 10 and 100 ppmv ethylchlorid . No morphological anomalies observed.
Assay 2:
Plant growth was 20% reduced at a concentration of 100 ppmv ethylchlorid. No morphological anomalies observed. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- By conversion of ppmv to mg/m^3 via molecular weight, atmospheric pressure and the temperature measured during the test, the following key results were derived:
NOEC (17 d; growth; Lepidium sativum) = 26.4 mg/m^3
LOEC (17 d; growth; Lepidium sativum) = 264.1 mg/m^3 - Executive summary:
The study investigated the effect of the gas chloroethane towards terrestrial plants due to exposure via the gas phase. The study was performed according to OECD 208 (Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test) modified for atmospheric exposure. The effect of chloroethane on the emergence and growth of the plant species Avena sativa and Lepidium sativum were investigated. The plants were exposed to the gas at concentrations of 10 and 100 ppmv in a closed chamber. Nominal test concentrations were analytically verified and confirmed. The test was terminated after 17 days. Avena sativa was not affected by the substance, whereas the growth of Lepidium sativum was reduced by 20% at the highest concentration of 100 ppmv (statistically significant; LOEC).
By conversion of ppmv to mg/m^3 via molecular weight, atmospheric pressure and the temperature measured during the test, the following key results were derived:
NOEC (17 d; growth; Lepidium sativum) = 26.4 mg/m^3
LOEC (17 d; growth; Lepidium sativum) = 264.1 mg/m^3
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Data waiving:
- exposure considerations
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because direct and indirect exposure of the soil compartment is unlikely
- other:
Referenceopen allclose all
Nominal concentration | Fresh weight [mg] at test end | ||
(ppm_v) | Avena sativa (n; SD) | Lepidum sativum | Lepidum sativum |
0 | 232 (18; 61) | 63 (17; 12) | 43 (19; 10) |
10 | 214 (17; 58) | 46 (18; 12) | 38 (18; 7) |
100 | 237 (20; 57) | 49 (17; 14) | 34 (17; 6) |
| Avena Sativa (only experiment 1, 23 °C): | NOEC | 100 | ppm | equiv. To | 265.4 | mg/m^3 | ||
| 10 ppm | 100 ppm | 10 ppm equiv. To | 100 ppm equiv. To | |||||
| Lepidium Sativum Experiment 1 (23 °C): | Effect [%] | 24* | 22.2* | 26.54 | 265.4 | mg/m^3 | ||
| Lepidium Sativum Experiment 2 (26 °C): | Effect [%] | 11.6 | 20.9* | 26.27 | 262.7 | mg/m^3 | ||
| Arithmetic mean Exp. 1/2 | 26.4 | 264.1 | mg/m^3 | |||||
| *) statistically significant | NOEC / EC10 | LOEC | NOEC / EC10 | LOEC | ||||
| Analytical verification within +/- 20% of nominal ==> evaluation based on nominal concentration | ||||||||
Description of key information
Exposure of the below ground soil compartment as defined by REACH for terrestrial toxicity is not relevant for the gas chloroethane (waiving).
A relevant supporting study for above ground atmospheric exposure of plants is available, and the NOEC of 26.4 mg/m^3 (key value) is used as the basis for PNEC_air. The value cannot be specified below as key value because no units for mass/volume concentrations are foreseen.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Chloroethane is a gaseous substance and thus will mainly distribute to the air if released to the environment. There is no intended release of the substance to soil during its lifecycle. An exposure of the terrestrial compartment is therefore not anticipated and risk assessment based on EPM indicates no risks for the soil compartment (see waiving for details).
A relevant supporting study investigating the effect of chloroethane to terrestrial plants is available. The study was performed according to OECD 208 (Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test) modified for atmospheric exposure. The effect of chloroethane on the emergence and growth of the plant species Avena sativa and Lepidium sativum were investigated. The plants were exposed to the gas at concentrations of 10 and 100 ppmv in a closed chamber. Nominal test concentrations were analytically verified and confirmed. The test was terminated after 17 days. Avena sativa was not affected by the substance, whereas the growth of Lepidium sativum was reduced by 20% at the highest concentration of 100 ppmv (statistically significant; LOEC).
By conversion of ppmv to mg/m^3 via molecular weight, atmospheric pressure and the temperature measured during the test, the following key values were derived:
NOEC (17 d; growth; Lepidium sativum) = 26.4 mg/m^3
LOEC (17 d; growth; Lepidium sativum) = 264.1 mg/m^3
The NOEC is used to derive a PNEC_air for chloroethane.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
