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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:
long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
other information
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Data source

Reference
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1999

Materials and methods

GLP compliance:
yes

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
α,2-dichlorotoluene
EC Number:
210-258-8
EC Name:
α,2-dichlorotoluene
Cas Number:
611-19-8
Molecular formula:
C7H6Cl2
IUPAC Name:
1-chloro-2-(chloromethyl)benzene
Details on test material:
IUCLID4 Test substance: A01-03:Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Purity 99.6 %, Lot No. PAM5243

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:
yes

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna

Results and discussion

Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
0.02 mg/L
Basis for effect:
reproduction
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
0.23 mg/L
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
0.39 mg/L

Any other information on results incl. tables

RS-Freetext:
[Measured Concentrations]
Measured concentrations of the test solutions just after
renewal (fresh preparation) and those 48 hour after renewal
were ranged within 81 - 117% and 10 - 27% of the nominal
concentrations, respectively. Because all of the measured
concentrations at 48 hour after renewal were lower than 80%
of the nominal, the time-weighted concentrations were used
to calculate the effect values (Table 2 & 3).

Table 2.Measured concentrations of the test solutions in the 21-day  reproduction test on Daphnia magna under the semi-static test conditions
========================================================
Nominal           Measured           Time       Measured/Nominal
concn.     Concn.             -weighted     (%)
(mg/l)     (mg/l)             mean
                              (mg/l)
           ---------------------------------------------
           Day 0   Day 2                 Day 0   Day 2
           fresh   old                   fresh   old
--------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
Control     <0.0001  <0.0001  ---       ---     ---
Solv. cont. <0.0001  <0.0001  ---       ---     ---        
0.0022      0.00233  0.000212 0.000884  106     10
0.0046      0.00496  0.000559 0.00202        108        12
0.010       0.0107   0.00146  0.00464   107     15
0.022       0.0210   0.00324  0.00950   95      15
0.046       0.0528   0.00558  0.0210    115     12
0.10        0.0865   0.0143   0.0401    87      14
0.22        0.184    0.0326   0.0875    84      15
(Test 2)
Control     <0.0001  <0.0001  ---       ---     ---
Solv. cont. <0.0001  <0.0001  ---       ---     ---        
0.10        0.102    0.0187   0.0491    102     19
0.22        0.228    0.0466   0.114     104     21
0.46        0.484    0.113    0.255     105     25
1.0         1.16     0.226    0.571     116     23
========================================================

Table 2 - continued (1).
========================================================
Nominal    Measured          Time     Measured/Nominal
concn.     Concn.          -weighted        (%)
(mg/l)     (mg/l)           mean
                            (mg/l)
           ----------------------------------------------
           Day 6   Day 8                 Day 6  Day 8
           fresh   old                         fresh  old
---------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
Control    <0.0001 <0.0001     ---       ---    ---        
Solv. cont. <0.0001 <0.0001    ---       ---    ---        
0.0022      0.00241 <0.0001   0.000499   110    ---        
0.0046      0.00411 0.000663  0.00189    89     14
0.010       0.0109  0.000966  0.00410    109    10
0.022       0.0216  0.00311   0.00954    98     14
0.046       0.0373  0.00678   0.0179     81     15
0.10        0.0952  0.0144    0.0428     95     14
0.22        0.222   0.0334    0.0996     101    15
(Test 2)
Control    <0.0001  <0.0001    ---       ---    ---        
Solv. cont. <0.0001 <0.0001    ---       ---    ---        
0.10        0.0959  0.0220    0.0502     96     22
0.22        0.219   0.0526    0.117      100    24
0.46        0.540   0.126     0.284      117    27
=========================================================

Table 2 - continued (2).
=========================================================
Nominal    Measured           Time      Measured/Nominal
concn.     Concn.            -weighted       (%)
(mg/l)     (mg/l)             mean
                             (mg/l)
          -----------------------------------------------
           Day 14    Day 16             Day 14  Day 16
           fresh     old                fresh   old
---------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
Control    <0.0001  <0.0001    ---       ---     ---        
Solv. cont. <0.0001 <0.0001    ---       ---     ---        
0.0022     0.00213  0.000245  0.000872    97      11
0.0046     0.00448  0.000603  0.00193     97      13
0.010      0.00873  0.00166   0.00426     87      17
0.022      0.0237   0.00381   0.0109     108      17
0.046      0.0420   0.00754   0.0201      91      16
0.10       0.0916   0.0140    0.0413      92      14
0.22       0.240    0.0388    0.110      109      18
(Test 2)
Control    <0.0001  <0.0001    ---       ---     ---        
Solv. cont. <0.0001 <0.0001    ---       ---     ---        
0.10       0.0988   0.0210    0.0502      99      21
0.22       0.218    0.0533    0.117       99      24
0.46       0.512    0.126     0.275      111      27
=======================================================

Table 3.The time-weighted mean values for the measured
concentrations of test solutions in periods during the 21-day  reproduction test on Daphnia magna under the semi-static test conditions
========================================================
Nominal        Time-weighted mean value        Mean Value/Nominal
concn.                (mg/l)                                (%)
(mg/l)        
        --------------------------------------------------
        0-7d.     0-14d.     0-21d.     0-7d. 0-14d. 0-21d.
----------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
0.0022  0.000884  0.000691   0.000751   40    31     34
0.0046  0.00202   0.00195    0.00195    44    42     42
0.010   0.00464   0.00437    0.00433    46    44     43
0.022   0.00950   0.00952    0.00997    43    43     45
0.046   0.0210    0.0195     0.0197     46    42     43
0.10    0.0401    0.0414     0.0414     40    41     41
0.22    0.0875    0.0935     0.0992     40    43     45
(Test 2)
0.10    0.0491    0.0496     0.0498     49    50     50
0.22    0.114     0.115      0.116      52    52     53
0.46    0.255     0.270      0.272      55    59     59
1.0     0.571     ---a       ---a       57   ---a   ---a
========================================================
d.: days
a:All of the parental animals died before Day 21 and thus
the time-weighted mean value was not calculated for the
period.

[Water Chemistry]
  pH: 7.8 - 8.7 (Test 1), 7.8 - 8.8 (Test 2)
  Dissolved oxygen (mg/l): 8.4 - 9.8 (Test 1), 
                           8.6- 9.7 (Test 2)
 Total hardness (mg/l as CaCO3): 87 - 88 (Test 1), 
                                 85 - 88 (Test 2)

RS-Freetext:
[Effect Data (reproduction)]
All of the following effect values were calculated with the
measured concentrations. NOEC and LOEC values were
determined on the basis of reproduction using the data of
Test 1.

   LC50 (21 days) = 0.39 mg/l (parental mortality)
                              (Table 4 & 5)
   EC50 (21 days) = 0.23 mg/l
                (95% Confidence limits: 0.22 - 0.24 mg/l)
                (Table 7 - 9)
  NOEC (21 days)  = 0.020 mg/l  (Table 7 & 8)
  LOEC (21 days)  = 0.041 mg/l  (Table 7 & 8)

Table 4.Cumulative numbers of deaths among the parental
animal groups
=======================================================
Nominal        Cumulative number of deaths on Day:
concn.         ----------------------------------------
(mg/l)          0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10
-------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
Control         0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
Solv. cont.     0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.0022          0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.0046          0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.010           0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.022           0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.046           0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.10            0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.22            0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
(Test 2)
Control         0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
Solv. cont.     0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.10            0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.22            0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0.46            0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
1.0             0  0  0  3  10 10 10 10 10 10 10
===================================================


Table 4 - continued.
======================================================
Nominal               Cumulative number of deaths on Day:
concn.         ------------------------------------------
(mg/l)         11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21
---------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
Control        0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
Solv. cont.    0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.0022         0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.0046         0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.010          0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.022          0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.046          0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.10           0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.22           0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
(Test 2)
Control        0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
Solv. cont.    0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.10           0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.22           0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
0.46           0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0
1.0           10  10  10  10  10  10  10   10  10  10  10
=========================================================


Table 5.Cumulative mortality of parental animal groups (%)
=========================================================
Nominal        Cumulative percentage of deaths on
concn.         Day:
               ------------------------------------------
(mg/l)          1        2        4        7        14        21        
---------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)        0        0        0        0        0        0
Control         0        0        0        0        0        0
Solv. cont.     0        0        0        0        0        0
0.0022          0        0        0        0        0        0
0.0046          0        0        0        0        0        0
0.010           0        0        0        0        0        0
0.022           0        0        0        0        0        0
0.046           0        0        0        0        0        0
0.10            0        0        0        0        0        0
0.22            0        0        0        0        0        0
(Test 2)
Control         0        0        0        0        0        0
Solv. cont.     0        0        0        0        0        0
0.10            0        0        0        0        0        0
0.22            0        0        0        0        0        0
0.46            0        0        0        0        0        0
1.0             0        0        100        100        100        100
=========================================================


Table 6.The time of the first production of juveniles (days)
=======================================================
Nominal                        Bottle number        
concn.          ---------------------------------------
(mg/l)          1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10        Mean
-------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
Control         8  8  8  9  8  8  8  8  8  8        8.1
Solv. cont.     8  8  8  8  8  8  8  8  9  9        8.2
0.0022          8  8  8  8  8  8  9  8  8  9        8.2
0.0046          9  8  8  8  8  9  8  8  8  9        8.3
0.010           8  8  9  8  9  9  8  8  8  8        8.3
0.022           8  8  8  9  8  8  8  9  9  8        8.3
0.046           8  8  8  8  9  8  9  8  8  8        8.2
0.10            8  8  8  8  8  8  8  8  9  8        8.1
0.22            8  8  9  8  8  8  8  8  8  8        8.1
(Test 2)
Control         8  8  8  8  8  8  8  8  8  9        8.1
Solv. cont.     8  8  8  8  9  8  8  8  9  8        8.2
0.10            8  8  8  8  8  8  8  8  8  8        8.0
0.22            10 10 8  8  9  8  9  8  8  10        8.1
0.46            15 11 13 12 11  10 13 11  12 13        12.1
1.0             D  D  D  D  D  D  D  D  D  D        ---a
=====================================================
D: The parental animal died before producing juveniles.
a:No production of juveniles during the 21-day test period.


Table 7.Mean cumulative numbers of juveniles produced per
parental
        animal survived for 21 days
=======================================================
Nominal                Mean cumulative number on
concn.                        Day:
        --------------------------------------------------
(mg/l)  0      7     8     9    10    11    12    13
----------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
Control 0.0    0.0   4.2   4.9  4.9   25.5  29.0  29.0
Solv. cont. 
        0.0    0.0   3.2   3.8  3.8   21.0  25.2  25.2
0.0022  0.0    0.0   5.1   6.7  6.7   23.6  28.2  28.2
0.0046  0.0    0.0   4.8   6.4  6.4   22.2  28.2  28.2
0.010   0.0    0.0   4.6   6.2  6.2   24.4  31.1  31.1
0.022   0.0    0.0   3.8   5.6  5.6   20.9  28.0  28.0
0.046   0.0    0.0   5.1   5.9  5.9   22.6  27.5  27.5
0.10    0.0    0.0   0.2   0.2  0.2   12.2  13.4  13.4
0.22    0.0    0.0   0.0   0.0  0.0   8.3   9.0   9.0
(Test 2)
Control 0.0    0.0   9.0  10.5  10.5  29.0  35.4  35.4
Solv. cont.         
        0.0    0.0   5.9   8.1   8.1  24.7  31.5  31.5
0.10    0.0    0.0  10.4  10.4  10.4  31.5  31.5  31.5
0.22    0.0    0.0   3.3   5.4   9.0  19.0  24.0  33.8
0.46    0.0    0.0   0.0   0.0   0.8   3.3  5.0    7.1
1.0     0.0    ---a  ---a  ---a  ---a  ---a ---a   ---a
=======================================================


Table 7 - continued.
=======================================================
Nominal                Mean cumulative number on
concn.                        Day:
        -----------------------------------------------
(mg/l)  14    15    16    17    18    19    20    21
-------------------------------------------------------
(Test 1)
Control 53.3  56.8  56.8  84.6  88.0  88.0  96.6  115.5
Solv. cont.
        49.9  55.7  55.7  81.2  87.4  87.4  95.6  115.0
0.0022  53.9  60.4  60.4  82.4  87.0  87.0  103.4 110.0
0.0046  50.7  61.0  61.0  78.9  88.7  88.7  105.7 116.9
0.010   56.3  67.6  67.6  88.3  97.5  97.5  112.1 121.7
0.022   51.0  59.7  59.7  79.9  87.5  87.5  102.9 112.8
0.046   52.0  58.2  58.2  80.6  86.0  86.0  106.9 112.4
0.10    39.3  41.1  41.1  64.5  67.1  67.1   91.6  94.6
0.22    32.8  35.2  35.2  56.9  59.4  59.4   84.1  87.0
(Test 2)
Control 57.8  63.3  63.3  86.0  91.6  91.6  108.4 115.2
Solv. cont.
        53.6  63.5  63.5  86.3  93.7  93.7  102.0 122.6
0.10    62.6  62.6  62.6  87.3  87.3  87.3  111.5 114.0
0.22    47.2  51.4  57.6  72.7  78.6  88.7  101.1 101.1
0.46    12.3  16.3  21.2  28.9  34.8  37.0   40.7  45.3
1.0     ---a  ---a  ---a  ---a  ---a  ---a   ---a  ---a
======================================================
a:Not counted because the parental animal died before
producing juveniles.


Table 8.Cumulative numbers of juveniles per parental animal
survived for 21 days in Test 1.
=======================================================
                     Nominal concn., mg/l
Bottle              (Measured concn., mg/l)
No.    --------------------------------------------------
       Control  Solv. cont.  0.0022    0.0046    0.010
                           (0.000751) (0.00195)        (0.00433)
---------------------------------------------------------
1      126      105           103       124       109
2      113      112           111       110       122
3      115      112           112       111       102
4      113      116           110       119       100
5      113      131           108       115       114        
6      122      114           115       126       146
7      108      124           109       116       143
8      116      106           118       107       122
9      121      116           106       123       109
10     108      114           108       118       131
--------------------------------------------------------
Mean  115.5    115.0         110.0     116.9     121.7
S.D.    5.9      7.7           4.3      6.3       14.6
--------------------------------------------------------
Inhibition
rate(%)
        ---     0.4            4.8     -1.2       -5.4
--------------------------------------------------------
Significant difference
        ---      NS            NS        NS         NS
=======================================================


Table 8 - continued.
=======================================================
                         Nominal concn., mg/l
Bottle                  (Measured concn.,mg/l)
No.          ------------------------------------------
             0.022     0.046      0.10      0.22
            (0.00997) (0.0197)  (0.0414)   (0.0992)
-------------------------------------------------------
1             103        118       84         94
2             119        105       84         82
3              99        115      106         85
4             100        109      103         86
5             118        113       96         85
6             124        107       93         96
7             114        115      107         86
8             110        110       87         86
9             111        115       86         85
10            130        117      100         85
-------------------------------------------------------
Mean          112.8      112.4     94.6       87.0        
S.D.           10.3        4.4      9.1        4.4        
-------------------------------------------------------
Inhibition      2.3        2.7     18.1       24.7        
rate (%)
-------------------------------------------------------
Significant     NS         NS       ##         ##
difference(a)
=======================================================
(a)Indicates a significant difference from the control
determined by the Dunnett's multicomparisons procedure,
one-sided test.
        NS        : not significant (p >= 0.05)
        #        : significant (p < 0.05)
        ##        : significant (p < 0.01)


Table 9.Cumulative numbers of juveniles per parental animal
survived for 21 days in Test 2.
========================================================
                    Nominal concn., mg/l
Bottle              (Measured concn.,mg/l)
No.        ---------------------------------------------
           Cont.    S. C.   0.10    0.22   0.46    1.0
                          (0.0498) (0.116)(0.272) (0.571)
----------------------------------------------------------
1          104      116      114     107     34      D
2          109      123      115     106     43      D
3          129      123      104     108     45      D
4          110      118      114     121     53      D
5          117      115      111      77     50      D
6          108      110      123      94     41      D
7          117      129      132      95     39      D
8          120      128      117     119     74      D
9          111      123      100     100     42      D
10         127      141      110      84     32      D
---------------------------------------------------------
Mean      115.5     122.6    114.0  101.1   45.3     ---
S.D.        8.3       8.8      9.0   14.1   11.9     ---
---------------------------------------------------------
Inhibition  ---      -6.4      1.0   12.2   60.7     ---
rate (%)
---------------------------------------------------------
Significant ---       NS        NS    ##     ##      ---
difference(a)
=========================================================
D: Not calculated because the parental animal was dead
before producing juveniles.
(a)Indicates the significant difference from the control by
Dunnett's multicomparison procedure, one-sided test.
        NS        : not significant (p >= 0.05)
        #        : significant (p < 0.05)
        ##        : significant (p < 0.01)

Applicant's summary and conclusion