Soybean oil, epoxidized, reaction products with methanol

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation / corrosion, other

Remarks:

In vitro EpiDerm skin corrosion/irritation test

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2012

Report date:

2012

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 431 (In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Human Skin Model Test)

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)

Test guideline 3

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006; In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Human Skin Model Test; Official Journal of the European Union, No. L 142.

Test guideline 4

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

BASF SE Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Soybean oil, epoxidized, reaction products with methanol

EC Number:

287-837-7

EC Name:

Soybean oil, epoxidized, reaction products with methanol

Cas Number:

85586-35-2

Molecular formula:

C H4 O . Unspecified

IUPAC Name:

1-({13-[(1-{2,3-bis[(9,13-dihydroxy-10,12-dimethoxyoctadecanoyl)oxy]propoxy}-10-methoxy-1-oxooctadecan-9-yl)oxy]-9-hydroxy-10,12-dimethoxyoctadecanoyl}oxy)-3-[(9-hydroxy-10-methoxyoctadecanoyl)oxy]propan-2-yl 9,13-dihydroxy-10,12-dimethoxyoctadecanoate; 1-[(9,13-dihydroxy-10,12-dimethoxyoctadecanoyl)oxy]-3-[(9-hydroxy-10-methoxyoctadecanoyl)oxy]propan-2-yl 9,13-dihydroxy-10,12-dimethoxyoctadecanoate; 3-({8-[3-(3-hydroxy-2-methoxyoctyl)oxiran-2-yl]octanoyl}oxy)-2-[(8-{3-[(3-pentyloxiran-2-yl)methyl]oxiran-2-yl}octanoyl)oxy]propyl 9-hydroxy-10-methoxyoctadecanoate; 3-[(8-{3-[3-({1-[3-({8-[3-(3-hydroxy-2-methoxyoctyl)oxiran-2-yl]octanoyl}oxy)-2-[(8-{3-[(3-pentyloxiran-2-yl)methyl]oxiran-2-yl}octanoyl)oxy]propoxy]-10-methoxy-1-oxooctadecan-9-yl}oxy)-2-methoxyoctyl]oxiran-2-yl}octanoyl)oxy]-2-[(8-{3-[(3-pentyloxiran-2-yl)methyl]oxiran-2-yl}octanoyl)oxy]propyl 9-hydroxy-10-methoxyoctadecanoate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material: Soybean oil, epoxidized, reaction products with methanol
- Test-substance No.: 12/0114-1
- Physical state: Liquid.
- Storage condition of test material: The stability under storage conditions over the study period was guaranteed by the sponsor, and the sponsor holds this responsibility
- Homogeneity: The test substance was homogeneous by visual inspection.
- Purity: The test substance has been characterized analytically (for details see report No. 12L00136).
- Batch No.: CE61910022

Test animals

Species:

other: EpiDerm™ 200 kit

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST SYSTEM:
- Source: MatTek In Vitro Life Sciences Laboratories, Bratislava, Slovakia (corrosion test)

Three dimensional human epidermis model
The EpiDerm™ model consists of normal, human-derived epidermal keratinocytes which have been cultured to form a multi layered, highly differentiated model of the human epidermis. It consists of organized basal, spinous and granular layers, and a multi-layered stratum corneum containing intercellular lamellar lipid layers arranged in patterns analogous to those found in vivo. The EpiDerm™ tissues (surface 0.6 cm²) are cultured on specially prepared cell culture inserts (MILLICELLs®, 10 mm ∅) and commercially available as kits (EpiDerm™ 200), containing 24 tissues on shipping agarose.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 37
- Humidity: 92-95%
- CO2: 5%

Test system

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

other: historical control values

Amount / concentration applied:

Single topical application of 50 μL (corrosion test) or 30 μL (irritation test)

Duration of treatment / exposure:

For the corrosion test two EpiDerm™ tissue samples were incubated with the test substance for 3 minutes and 1 hour, respectively. The irritation test was performed with three EpiDerm™ tissue samples, which were incubated with the test substance for 1 hour followed by a 42-hours post-incubation period.

Details on study design:

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Mesh compatibility: For liquid test substances a nylon mesh can be used as a spreading support. However, it was judged that this was not necessary for the test substance. Thus no pretest for mesh compatibility was performed.

Direct MTT reduction
To assess the ability of the test material to directly reduce MTT a pretest was performed as described below. The test substance was added to 0.9 mL
of the MTT solution. The mixture was incubated in the dark at about 37 °C for 55 to 65 minutes. A negative control (de-ionized water) was tested concurrently. If the MTT solution color or, in case of water-insoluble test substances the border to the water-phase, turned blue / purple, the test substance was presumed to directly reduce MTT. The direct reduction of MTT by a test substance interferes with the color density produced by metabolic capacity of the tissue and would falsify the test results. In case that direct MTT reduction occurred, one freeze-killed control tissue per exposure time was treated with, each, the test article and the negative control, in the same way as described in section “Basic procedure”, additionally.

Basic procedure
- Corrosion test: From the day of arrival in the laboratory, tissues were kept in the refrigerator. At least 1 hour but not more than 1.5 hours before test-substance application, tissues were transferred to 6-well plates with 0.9 mL assay medium and preconditioned in the incubator at 37°C. The preincubation medium was replaced with fresh medium immediately before application. Two tissues per exposure time (3 minutes at room temperature or 1 hour in the incubator, as a rule) and test group (test material, negative control and positive control; 12 tissues per test) were used. Fifty microliter (50 μL) of the undiluted liquid test substance was applied using a pipette. Control tissues were concurrently applied with 50 μL of de-ionized water (negative control, NC) or with 50 μL of 8 n potassium hydroxide (positive control, PC). The tissues were washed with PBS to remove residual test material 3 minutes or 1 hour after start of the application treatment. Rinsed tissues were kept in 24-well plates (holding plates) at room temperature on assay medium until all tissues per application time were dosed and rinsed. The assay medium was then replaced by MTT solution and tissues were incubated for 3 hours. After incubation, tissues were washed with PBS and the formazan produced by the tissues was extracted with isopropanol. The optical density at a wavelength of 570 nm (OD570) of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically. Blank values were established of 6 microtiter wells filled with isopropanol for each microtiter plate.

- Irritation test: On the day of arrival in the laboratory, the tissues were transferred to sterile 6-well plates with 0.9 mL assay medium and preconditioned in the incubator at 37°C. After 1 hour the preincubation medium was replaced with fresh medium and preconditioning continued for 18 ± 3 hours. Three tissues were treated with the test substance, the PC and NC, respectively. Thirty microliter (30 μL) of the undiluted liquid test substance was applied using a pipette. Control tissues were concurrently applied with 30 μL of sterile PBS (negative control, NC) or with 30 μL of 5% SDS (positive control, PC). A nylon mesh was placed carefully onto the tissue surface afterwards. The tissues were kept under the laminar flow hood at room temperature for 25 minutes overall and for 35 minutes in the incubator. The tissues were washed with sterile PBS to remove residual test material 1 hour after start of application. Rinsed tissues were blotted on sterile absorbent paper and transferred into new 6-well plates, pre-filled with 0.9 mL fresh medium. When all tissues were rinsed, the surface of each tissue was carefully dried with a sterile cotton swab. Subsequently, the tissues were incubated in the incubator at 37°C for 24 ± 2 hours. After 24 ± 2 hours the tissues were transferred into new 6-well plates pre-filled with 0.9 mL of fresh medium and placed into the incubator for additional 18 ± 2 hours post-incubation period. After the post-incubation period, the assay medium was replaced by 0.3 mL MTT solution and the tissues were incubated in the incubator for 3 hours. After incubation, the tissues were washed with PBS to stop the MTT-incubation. The formazan that was metabolically produced by the tissues was extracted by incubation of the tissues in isopropanol. The optical density at a wavelength of 570 nm (OD570) of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically. Blank values were established of 6 microtiter wells filled with isopropanol for each microtiter plate.

- Data evaluation: The OD570 values determined for the various tissues are measures of their viability. The quotient of the OD570 of tissues treated with the test material and the mean OD570 values of the NC (percent of control) is used for evaluating whether or not a test material is corrosive or irritant. The individual tissue OD570 is calculated by subtracting the mean blank value of the respective microtiter plate from the respective individual tissue OD570 value. The mean OD570 for a test group of two tissues (corrosion test) or three tissues (irritation test) treated in the same way is calculated. The quantification of tissue viability is presented as the quotient of the mean OD570 divided by the respective OD570 NC value in percent for each exposure time.

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
- Assay acceptance criterion for the negative control (NC): The absolute OD570 of the negative control tissues in the MTT-test is an indicator of tissue viability obtained in the testing laboratory after the shipping and storing procedure and under specific conditions of the assay. Tissue viability is acceptable if the mean OD570 of the NC is ≥ 1.0. The mean OD570 of the NC should not exceed 2.5.
- Acceptance criteria for the positive control (PC): Corrosion test: Potassium hydroxide as 8.0 normal ready made solution is used as positive reference. A 3-minute treatment with 8.0 n KOH usually reveals a mean relative tissue viability of ~20%. An assay is acceptable if mean relative tissue viability of the 3 min positive control is ≤ 30%. Irritation test: 5% SDS is used as PC and reflects the sensitivity of the tissues used in the test conditions. A viability of ≤ 20% is acceptable.
- Assay acceptance criterion for tissue variability: For every treatment, 2 tissues (corrosion test) or 3 tissues (irritation test) are treated in parallel. The inter-tissue variability is considered to be acceptable if the difference of the OD570 values of the two tissues is ≤ 0.3 (corrosion test) or if the SD of %-viability is ≤ 20 (irritation test).

EVALUATION OF RESULTS
Corrosive potential of the test materials is predicted from the mean relative tissue viabilities obtained after 3 min treatment compared to the negative control tissues concurrently treated with de-ionized water. A chemical is considered as "corrosive", if the mean relative tissue viability after 3 min treatment with a test material is decreased below 50%. In addition, those materials with a viability of ≥ 50% after 3 min treatment are considered as "corrosive" if the mean relative tissue viability after 1 hour treatment with a test material is decreased below 15%.
Mean tissue viability (% of negative control); Prediction
3 min: < 50; corrosive
3 min: ≥ 50 and 1 hour: < 15; corrosive
3 min: ≥ 50 and 1 hour: ≥ 15; non-corrosive
Although the method is not finally validated for categorizing the severity of corrosivity according to certain classification and labeling systems, it is suggested to use the most stringent category for test substances leading to viabilities below 50% after 3 min treatment.
Irritant potential of the test materials is predicted from the mean relative tissue viabilities compared to the negative control tissues concurrently treated with sterile PBS. A chemical is considered as "irritant", if the mean relative tissue viability with a test material is less than or equal to 50%.
Mean tissue viability (% of negative control); Prediction
≤ 50; irritant
> 50; non-irritant

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Results 1

Irritation parameter:

other: [% viability of NC]

Basis:

mean

Score:

94

Remarks on result:

other: corrosion, exposure: 3 min, mean OD570: 1.807

Results 2

Irritation parameter:

other: viability [% of NC]

Basis:

mean

Score:

101

Remarks on result:

other: corrosion, exposure: 1 hour, mean OD570: 1.863

Results 3

Irritation parameter:

other: viability [% of NC]

Basis:

mean

Score:

108

Remarks on result:

other: irritation, mean OD570: 2.161

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Based on the observed results and applying the evaluation criteria it was
concluded, that the test substance does not show a skin irritation potential in the EpiDerm™ skin corrosion/irritation test under the test conditions chosen.

Executive summary:

The potential of the test substance to cause dermal corrosion/irritation was assessed by a single topical application of 50 μL (corrosion test) or 30 μL (irritation test) of the test substance to a reconstructed three dimensional
human epidermis model (EpiDerm™).
For the corrosion test two EpiDerm™ tissue samples were incubated with the test substance for 3 minutes and 1 hour,respectively. The irritation test was performed with three EpiDerm™ tissue samples, which were incubated with the test substance for 1 hour followed by a 42-hours post-incubation period.
Tissue destruction was determined by measuring the metabolic activity of the tissue after exposure/post-incubation using a colorimetric test. The reduction of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, measured by reduced formazan production after incubation with a tetrazolium salt (MTT) was chosen as endpoint. The formazan production of the test substance treated epidermal tissues is compared to that of negative control tissues. The quotient of the values indicates the relative tissue viability. The EpiDerm™ skin corrosion/irritation test showed the following results:

The test substance is not able to reduce MTT directly.

Corrosion test:
The mean viability of the test-substance treated tissues determined after an exposure period of 3 minutes was 94%, and it was 101% after an exposure period of 1 hour.

Irritation test:
The mean viability of the test-substance treated tissues determined after an exposure period of 1 hour with about 42 hours post-incubation was 108%.

Compound residues remained on the tissues after the washing procedure. However, this did not interfere with the MTT assay, as the test substance was not able to reduce MTT directly, which was demonstrated in a pretest.