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EC number: 213-635-5 | CAS number: 996-35-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Dimethylethylamine in mould core manufaturing: exposure, metabolism, and biological monitoring
- Author:
- Lundh T, Stahlbom B, Akessson B
- Year:
- 1 991
- Bibliographic source:
- Br. J. Ind. Med., 48, 203-207
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- other: metabolism and excretion
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The exposure and metabolism of dimethylethylamine was studied in 12 mould core makers in four different foundries using the Ashland cold box technique.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethyldimethylamine
- EC Number:
- 209-940-8
- EC Name:
- Ethyldimethylamine
- Cas Number:
- 598-56-1
- Molecular formula:
- C4H11N
- IUPAC Name:
- N,N-dimethylethanamine
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Test animals
- Species:
- human
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- 10 men and 2 women,
Age: 23-62 years old (mean 38),
working in 4 different foundries.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Details on exposure:
- The time weight average (TWA) exposure to DMEA was measured in each worker, in his or her personal breathing zone by absorption in impringer flasks during the full work shift (eight hours) divided into about one hour sampling periods.
Workers were exposed to 0.003 - 0.007 mg/l inhaled dimethylethylamine.
The mean TWA full work shift DMEA exposure concentration in the foundries studied was 3.7 (range 0.5-14) mg/m3.
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- 10 men and 2 women were studied.
- Control animals:
- no
- Positive control reference chemical:
- none
- Details on dosing and sampling:
- PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY
- Tissues and body fluids sampled: urine, blood
Blood samples (20ml) were collected by venepuncture bofore the start of exposure, and immediately after the end of exposure.
Urine samples were collected for 24 hours during two periods before the start of exposure, four two hours period during exposure, and six periods after the end of exposure.
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on excretion:
- Inhaled dimethylethylamine was excreted in urine as the original amine and as its metabolite dimethylethylamine-N-oxide.
DMEA was readily absorbed and eliminated into urine as DMEA and DMEAO.
After star of exposure, the DMEA and DMEAO excretion in urine increased until the end of exposure, and the decreased again.
The mean DMAEO fraction in the urine was 81% (range 18-93%). In the two women (sisters) studied, DMAEO fractions were considerably lower (18% and 63%) compared with men (84-93%).
The data indicate half lives after the end of exposure for DMEA in urine of 1.5 hours.
Toxicokinetic parameters
- Toxicokinetic parameters:
- other: Before exposure, the average concentrations of DMEA and DMEAO in plasma were below the detection limits (0.04µmol/l for DMEA and 0.07µmol/l for DMEAO). Postshift the concentrations were 0.21 and 1.8 µmol/l for DMEA and DMEAO.
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
- Details on metabolites:
- dimethylethylamine-N-oxide.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
The exposure and metabolism of dimethylethylamine (DMEA) was studied in 12 mould core makers in four different foundries using the Ashland cold box technique. The mean time weighted average (TWA) full work shift DMEA exposure concentration was 3.7 mg/m3. Inhaled DMEA was excreted into urine as the original amine and as its metabolite dimethylethylamine-N-oxide (DMEAO). This metabolite made up a median of 87 (range 18-93) % of the sum of DMEA and DMEAO concentrations excreted into the urine. Occupational exposure did not significantly increase the urinary excretion of dimethylamine or methylethylamine. The data indicate half lives after the end of exposure for DMEA in urine of 1.5 hours and DMEAO of three hours. The postshift summed concentration of DMEA and DMEAO in plasma and urine is a good indicator of the TWA concentration in air during the workday, and might thus be used for biological monitoring. An air concentration of 10 mg/m3 corresponds to a urinary excretion of the summed amount of DMEA and DMEAO of 135 mmol/mol creatinine.
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