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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Carcinogenicity

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
carcinogenicity: oral
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
From JAN 1974 to APR 1976
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Basic data given, comparable to standards
Cross-reference
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study

Data source

Referenceopen allclose all

Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1976
Report date:
1976
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Carcinogenicity studies on different diarylide yellow pigments in mice and rats
Author:
Leuschner F
Year:
1978
Bibliographic source:
Toxicology Letters 2: 253-260
Report date:
1978

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 451 (Carcinogenicity Studies)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Reference substance name:
2,2'-[(3,3'-dichloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo)]bis[3-oxo-N-phenylbutyramide]
EC Number:
228-787-8
EC Name:
2,2'-[(3,3'-dichloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo)]bis[3-oxo-N-phenylbutyramide]
Cas Number:
6358-85-6
IUPAC Name:
2,2'-[(3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(3-oxo-N-phenylbutanamide)

Test animals

Species:
mouse
Strain:
NMRI
Sex:
male/female
Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: S. IVANOVAS GmbH & Co, Med. Versuchstierzucht KG (Kissleg, Germany)
- Age at study initiation: 26 (males) -27 (females) days
- Weight at study initiation: 18.1 - 20.1 g
- Housing: individually in Macrolon cages (Type I)
- Diet: Altromin 1321 (Altromin, Lage), ad libitum
- Water: tap water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: no data


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 24 +/- 0.5
- Humidity (%): 60 +/- 3
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:
oral: feed
Vehicle:
unchanged (no vehicle)
Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
no
Duration of treatment / exposure:
104 weeks
Frequency of treatment:
daily
Post exposure period:
none
Doses / concentrations
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
1000, 3000, 9000 ppm
Basis:
nominal in diet
No. of animals per sex per dose:
50
Control animals:
yes, plain diet
Positive control:
none

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: twice per day


DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No


BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly


FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study):
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Yes
- Compound intake calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: Yes


FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No data


WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study): Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: daily


OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: once, immediately before sacrifice
- Dose groups that were examined: all animals


HAEMATOLOGY: No


CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: No


URINALYSIS: No


NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No


OTHER:
at the end of the exposure period the following investigations were performed:
- audiometry (simple sound test)
- inspection of denture
- organ weights from 7-8 organs (heart, liver, lungs, spleen, kidney, thymus, brain, testis)
Sacrifice and pathology:
GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (animals of the control and highest dose group; paraffin sections, Haematoxylin-Eosin staining):
heart, lung, liver (additionally: frozen sections with Sudan stainings), kidney, spleen, adrenal, thymus, pituitary, brain, gonads, thyroid, prostate, uterus, seminal vesicle, mammary gland, stomach, duodenum, colon, salivary gland, lymph nodes, eye and optic nerve, urinary bladder, bone marrow, neoplastic lesions, bones
- histopathological investigations of animals of the lower dose groups were performed, if they died or were sacrificed in the meantime and revealed macroscopic findings
Statistics:
- variance analysis according to Peto
- Student's t-test

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:
no effects observed
Mortality:
no mortality observed
Body weight and weight changes:
no effects observed
Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
no effects observed
Food efficiency:
not examined
Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
no effects observed
Ophthalmological findings:
no effects observed
Haematological findings:
not examined
Clinical biochemistry findings:
not examined
Urinalysis findings:
not examined
Behaviour (functional findings):
not examined
Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
no effects observed
Gross pathological findings:
no effects observed
Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
no effects observed
Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
no effects observed
Relevance of carcinogenic effects / potential:
The study design is in accordance with existing guidelines. Therefore, the results are considered relevant for the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of the test item.

Effect levels

Dose descriptor:
NOAEL
Effect level:
9 000 ppm (nominal)
Sex:
male/female
Basis for effect level:
other: no increased tumour incidence in treated animals in comparison to controls, 9000 ppm in diet correspond to 1957.1 mg/kg bw/da and 2030.6 mg/kg bw/day in male and female mice, respectively (calculated in the study report on basis of food consumption)
Remarks on result:
other: Effect type: carcinogenicity (migrated information)

Any other information on results incl. tables

 

- no effects on behaviour, appearance, faeces, feed and drinking water uptake, eyes, hearing, dentition, mortality, body weight development

- no substance induced macroscopic or histological changes

- no substance related effects on the tumour incidence (overall tumour rate: 42%, 45%, 40%, 46% in the control, 1000 ppm, 3000 ppm and 9000 ppm dose group, respectively; males: 30%, 36%, 24%, 40%, females: 54%, 54%, 56%, 52% in the control, 1000 ppm, 3000 ppm and 9000 ppm dose group, respectively) - 1000, 3000, 9000 ppm test item in diet correspond to 214, 649, 1957 mg/kg bw/day in male and 219, 681, 2031 mg/kg bw/day in female mice, respectively

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
Chronic feeding of NMRI mice with up to 9000 ppm test item in diet (corresponding to 1957 and 2030 mg/kg bw/day in male and female mice, respectively) did not result in an increased tumour incidence in comparison to the control animals, indicating that the test item is not carcinogenic.
Executive summary:

NMRI mice (50 per sex per dose) were exposed to 1000, 3000, 9000 ppm test item in feed (corresponding to 214, 649, 1957 mg/kg bw/da and 219, 681, 2030 mg/kg bw/day in male and female mice, respectively) for 104 weeks. The test item did not induce a treatment related increase in toxicity or tumour incidences. The results of this study do not provide evidence for carcinogenicity of the test item in NMRI mice.