Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-C10-13-sec-alkyl derivs., compds. with 2-propanamine

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

1976-04 to 1977-02

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

comparable to guideline study

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1977

Report date:

1977

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Predicted no-effect concentrations and risk characterization of four surfactants: Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylated sulfates, and soap.

Author:

van de Plassche, E.J., de Bruijn, J.H.M., Stephenson, R.R., Marshall, S.J., Feijtel, T.C.J. and Belanger, S.E.

Year:

1999

Bibliographic source:

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 18:2653-2663.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

N/A

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

Study pre-dates GLP

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts

EC Number:

270-115-0

EC Name:

Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts

Cas Number:

68411-30-3

Molecular formula:

Not applicable for UVCB

IUPAC Name:

sodium 4-undecylbenzenesulfonate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): C11.8LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate)
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): N/A
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): average 345
- Smiles notation (if other than submission substance): N/A
- InChl (if other than submission substance): N/A
- Structural formula attached as image file (if other than submission substance): see Fig. N/A
- Substance type: Active
- Physical state: N/A

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
N/A

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: all concentrations
- Sampling method: Samples were taken from test vessels on day 0, and every 3-5 days through out the 21-day test.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Preserved with 1% formaldehyde and stored at 5 °C until analysis.

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Direct dilution of the appropriate amount of test substance into blended well water
- Eluate: N/A
- Differential loading: N/A
- Controls: Blended well water
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): N/A
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): N/A
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): None

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain/clone: N/A
- Justification for species other than prescribed by test guideline: N/A
- Source: In-house culture
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): N/A
- Feeding during test
- Food type: ground trout chow/alfalfa mixture, 1000 mg/L
- Amount: 5 mg/L
- Frequency: Each diluter cycle


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Daphnia were cultured and tested in the same dilution water.
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Yes
- Type and amount of food: N/A
- Feeding frequency: N/A
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): N/A


QUARANTINE (wild caught)
- Duration: N/A
- Health/mortality: N/A


METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: Young were manually siphoned from existing culture units

Study design

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Post exposure observation period:

None

Test conditions

Hardness:

120 ± 18 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

21 ± 1 °C

pH:

7.5 ± 0.2 SU

Dissolved oxygen:

8.9 ± 0.4 mg/L

Salinity:

N/A

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Mean Measured- Control, 0.32, 0.59, 1.18, 2.52, and 4.85 mg/L C11.8LAS (active ingredient). Nominal concentrations not available in study report.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 1 liter glass beakers, 1 L test solution
- Aeration: N/A
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Mount and Brungs proportional diluter, with modifications
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): 125 ml per 20 min cycle, or one chamber volume every 2.5 hr.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): N/A
- Biomass loading rate: 5 daphnids/Liter = 200 ml/daphnid


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: The dilution water was carbon and reverse osmosis filtered well water. Water quality parameters were measured at test initiation and at intervals of 3-5 days for the remainder of the test.
- Total organic carbon: N/A
- Particulate matter: N/A
- Metals: N/A
- Pesticides: N/A
- Chlorine: N/A
- Alkalinity: N/A
- Ca/mg ratio: N/A
- Conductivity: N/A
- Salinity: N/A
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Daily


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: N/A
- Photoperiod: N/A
- Light intensity: N/A


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): Mortality at 24, 48, and 96 hrs, and 7 days and daily thereafter. Young counted beginning on day 7 or 8. Total number of F1 produced, mean brood size, and the percentage of days young were produced within each replicate was measured for all five concentrations and the controls.  Mortality was evaluated using a computerized Probit procedure. 


VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no


RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: N/A
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: N/A

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

3.94 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL 2.87-6.83 mg/L

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

1.67 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL 1.28-2.18 mg/L

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

1.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: Total young production

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL 0.75-3.33 mg/L

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: Average brood size

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL 1.62-3.55 mg/L

Effect concentrations 5

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.31 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: Percentage of days reproduction occurred

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL 0.30-4.18 mg/L

Effect concentrations 6

Key result

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1.18 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: Parent (F0) Survival and reproduction (Total # young in 21 days; and Mean Brood Size)

Details on results:

- Mortality of parent animals: % mortality, day 21- Control-10%; 0.32 mg/L-15%; 0.59 mg/L-15%; 1.18 mg/L-25%, 2.52 mg/L-60%; 4.85 mg/L-100%
- No. of offspring produced per day per female: N/A
- Body length and weight of parent animals: N/A
- Type and number of morphological abnormalities: N/A
- Type and number of behavioural abnormalities: N/A
- Number of males and females (parental): N/A
- Time to first brood release or time to hatch- 7 or 8 days
- Egg development time: N/A
- Brood size: Mean-Control-8.04; 0.32 mg/L-11.68; 0.59 mg/L-9.74; 1.18 mg/L-10.732.52 mg/L-7.92; 4.85 mg/L-100%
- Time to sexual maturity: N/A
- Type and magnitude of biochemical changes: N/A
- Other biological observations: N/A
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: N/A

Results with reference substance (positive control):

N/A

Reported statistics and error estimates:

All results were calculated with a computerized probit analysis program after Finney (1964, 1971). Survival data for 96 hr and 21 days was used to calculate LC50 values and confidence limits. All results were calculated based on mean measured concentrations of test material.

Any other information on results incl. tables

N/A

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 21 day NOEC of C11.8 LAS to Daphnia magna was 1.18 mg/L, based on survival and reproduction. The 21 day LC50 was 1.67 mg/L. Results are based on the mean measured concentration of the active ingredient.

Executive summary:

The long-term toxicity of 11.8 LAS was evaluated in a 21 day survival and reproduction test with Daphnia magna, following the OECD 211 guideline. Four replicates per concentration, 5 organisms per replicate, were tested in a flow-through system (a modified Mount and Brungs proportional diluter). Mean measured concentrations were: Control, 0.32, 0.59, 1.18, 2.52, and 4.85 mg/L C11.8LAS (active ingredient).

Survival was monitored at 24 hr, 96 hr, 7 days and daily thereafter. Reproduction was monitored beginning with the production of the first brood on day 7 or 8, and daily thereafter. LC50s and EC50s were calculated by probit analysis. Results are based on the mean measured concentration of the active ingredient.

The 21 -day NOEC was 1.18 mg/L, based on both survival and reproduction. The 21 -day LC50 was 1.67 mg/L (95% CL 1.28 -2.18 mg/L). The 21 -day EC50s, based on total young production, average brood size, and % days reproduction occurred, were 1.50, 2.30, and 2.31 mg/L, respectively. The data here are for a C11.8 LAS and when normalized to a C11.6 LAS, the value is 1.41 mg/L (method: van de Plassche et al., 1999).