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EC number: 204-800-2 | CAS number: 126-73-8
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Proprietary study, summarised in OECD SIDS (secodnary source). Officially accepted and peer-reviewed by the OECD SIDS evaluation programme.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ABC Protocol 8004-PMN
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Acute algae toxicity test
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material:
Not relevant - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- No information available
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- No information available
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- Selenastrum capricornutum Printz.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No information available
- Hardness:
- No information available
- Test temperature:
- 24 °C
- pH:
- No information available
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No information available
- Salinity:
- No information available
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- Static
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Details on results:
- No further information
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not relevant
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No information available
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The 96h NOEC of tributyl phosphate to Selenastrum capricornutum at 24 °C was 2.2mg/L, and the 96h EC50 was 4.4mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The 96 -hour NOEC of tributyl phosphate toSelenastrum capricornutumat 24°C was 2.2mg/L, and the 96h EC50was 4.4mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Published peer-reviewed study
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Cell multiplication inhibition test.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material:
Not relevant. - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- No information provided
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- No information available.
- Test organisms (species):
- Scenedesmus quadricauda
- Details on test organisms:
- Scenedesmus quadricauda, green algae. Cultures maintained in flasks on a white surface, protected against daylight and exposed to constant fluorescent lighting, and a relative humidity of 50 %.
- Test type:
- other: cell multiplication inhibition test
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 8 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- No information provided.
- Hardness:
- No information provided.
- Test temperature:
- 25 °C
- pH:
- 7
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No information available.
- Salinity:
- Not relevant.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- Cultures maintained in flasks on a white surface, protected against daylight and exposed to constant fluorescent lighting, and a relative humidity of 50 %. Cultures were shaken daily and maintained for 8 days. The quantity of the cell material to be used in the test was determined turbidmetrically.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 8 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: Toxicity Threshold
- Effect conc.:
- 3.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks:
- turbidity
- Details on results:
- No further information available
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not relevant.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No information available.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The toxicity threshold of tributyl phosphate to Scenedesmus quadricauda was 3.2mg/l.
- Executive summary:
The toxicity threshold of tributyl phosphate was determined using the cell multiplication inhibition test in the green algae, Scenedesmus quadricauda. Turbidity was used as the measure of biomass, 8 days after inoculation of the test substance. The toxicity threshold of tributyl phosphate to Scenedesmus quadricauda was 3.2 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Published peer-reviewed study
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Cell multiplication inhibition test
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- : literature paper
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material:
Not relevant. - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- No information available
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- No information available.
- Test organisms (species):
- Microcystis aeruginosa
- Details on test organisms:
- Microcystis (Diplocystis) aeruginosa, blue-green algae. Cultures maintained in flasks on a white surface, protected against daylight and exposed to constant fluorescent lighting, and a relative humidity of 50%.
- Test type:
- other: cell multiplication inhibition test
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 8 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- No information available
- Hardness:
- No information available.
- Test temperature:
- 27 °C
- pH:
- 7
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No information available
- Salinity:
- Not relevant.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- Cultures maintained in flasks on a white surface, protected against daylight and exposed to constant fluorescent lighting, and a relative humidity of 50 %. Cultures were shaken daily and maintained for 8 days. The quantity of the cell material to be used in the test was determined turbidmetrically.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 8 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: Toxicity Threshold
- Effect conc.:
- 4.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks:
- turbidity
- Details on results:
- No further information available.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not relevant.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No information provided.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The toxicity threshold of tributyl phosphate to Microcystis (Diplocystis) aeruginosa was 4.1mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The toxicity threshold of tributyl phosphate was determined using the cell multiplication inhibition test in the blue-green algae, Microcystis (Diplocystis) aeruginosa. Turbidity was used as the measure of biomass, 8 days after inoculation of the test substance. The toxicity threshold of tributyl phosphate to Microcystis (Diplocystis) aeruginosa was found to be 4.1 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Published peer-reviewed study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: DIN 38412 Part 9 (draft standard)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Cell multiplication inhibition test
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- : published literature study
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material:
Not relevant. - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- The test material was quantitatively dissolved to produce an optically clear stock solution in 800 mL double distilled water using magnetic stirrers.
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- Scenedesmus subspicatus CHODAT (green algae). Strain number 8681 SAG, maintained over a number of decades in a submerged culture.
Cultured on a white surface protected from daylight and exposed to constant fluorescent lighting. - Test type:
- other: cell multiplication inhibition test
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No information available.
- Hardness:
- No information available.
- Test temperature:
- 24 ± 1 °C
- pH:
- 8.0 ± 0.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No information available.
- Salinity:
- Not relevant.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations
- Details on test conditions:
- Tests carried out in standard Erlenmeyer flasks of various sizes as stipulated in the guideline. The test and control preparations were incubated under constant fluorescent lighting and shaken daily.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.44 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.37 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.66 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.92 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 2.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- Effective concentrations are presented for growth rate (at 48 and 72 hours) and biomass (at 48, 72 and 96 hours). The control cultures exhibited logarithmic growth up to 72 hours after the beginning of the test. Between 72 and 96 hours there was a transition to the stationary phase. There was a 16 fold increase in the cell number within 3 days. After 72 hours there was an increase in pH of 1.3 (allowable under Test Procedure DIN38412).
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not relevant
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No information available.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The biomass EC50 values for tributylphosphate were 1.1 -1.3 mg/L; the growth rate EC50 values were 2.8 -4.2 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The effect of tributyl phosphate on Scenedesmus subspicatus was investigated using the cell multiplication inhibition test, to determine the effect concentrations (EC). The test was conducted in accordance with the test procedure DIN38412, Part 9 (draft standard). Cultures of Scenedesmus were prepared from a maintained culture of strain number 8681 SAG. The test material was quantitatively dissolved to produce an optically clear stock solution in double distilled water. All tests were carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks, maintained under constant fluorescent lighting, and shaken daily. Positive controls containing culture only (i.e. no tributyl phosphate) were prepared. Biomass was determined by measuring the optical density of the test mixture and the control at the beginning of the test, and 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours later. Growth curves were then calculated for the positive control to act as a standard with which to compare the growth curves obtained for the test mixture. The biomass EC50 values for tributylphosphate were 1.1 -1.3 mg/L; the growth rate EC50 values were 2.8 -4.2 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Published peer reviewed study
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Acute toxicity study in algae
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material:
Not relevant - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- No information available
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- No information available
- Test organisms (species):
- Chlorella emersonii
- Details on test organisms:
- Chlorella emersonii, green algae.
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 2 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- No information availabe
- Hardness:
- No information available
- Test temperature:
- 25 °C
- pH:
- No information available
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No information available
- Salinity:
- No information available
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- No information available
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 2 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 5 - <= 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Details on results:
- No further information
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No information available
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No information available
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The 2 day EC50 of tributyl phosphate to the green algae Chlorella emersonii was 5 -10 mg/l at 25 °C.
- Executive summary:
The 2 day EC50 of tributyl phosphate to the green algae Chlorella emersonii was 5 -10 mg/L at 25 °C.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Published peer reviewed study
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- 14 day toxicity test in algae
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material:
Not relevant - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- No information available
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- No
- Test organisms (species):
- other: 13 species of freshwater algae
- Details on test organisms:
- 13 species of freshwater algae (phytoplankton), grown in 250µl liquid cultures on plastic microtitration plates.
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 14 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- No information available
- Hardness:
- No information available
- Test temperature:
- No information available
- pH:
- No information available
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No information available
- Salinity:
- Not relevant
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- No further information available
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Details on results:
- No further information
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No information available
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No information available
- Conclusions:
- The 14 day EC100 of tributyl phosphate to 13 species of phytoplankton was 50 mg/L, the 14 day LOEC was 5mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The 14 day EC100 of tributyl phosphate to 13 species of phytoplankton was 50 mg/L, the 14 day LOEC was 5 mg/L.
Referenceopen allclose all
The 96 -hour NOEC of tributyl phosphate to Selenastrum capricornutum at 24 °C was 2.2mg/L, and the 96h EC50 was 4.4mg/L.
Toxicity thresholds were calculated graphically using the median value of the extinction level of all control test cultures (provided that their extinction values are within a range of < 3 % standard deviation), and the median value of the extinction of the three test cultures having the lowest toxic pollutant concentration.
Toxicity thresholds were calculated graphically using the median value of the extinction level of all control test cultures (provided that their extinction values are within a range of < 3 % standard deviation), and the median value of the extinction of the three test cultures having the lowest toxic pollutant concentration.
The effects of tributyl phosphate on the growth rate and biomass of Scenedesmus subspicatus are shown below as effect concentrations (EC).
Test Period | Biomass EC10 mg/l | Growth Rate EC10 mg/l | Biomass EC50 mg/l | Growth Rate EC50 mg/l |
0-48h | 0.44 | 0.66 | 1.3 | 4.2 |
0-72h | 0.37 | 0.92 | 1.1 | 2.8 |
0-96h | 0.50 | - | 1.3 | - |
The 2 day EC50 of tributyl phosphate to the green algae Chlorella emersonii was 5 -10 mg/L at 25 °C.
The 14 day EC100 of tributyl phosphate to 13 species of phytoplankton was 50 mg/l, the 14 day LOEC was 5mg/l.
Description of key information
The results of a number of published and proprietary studies in different species are available.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 1.1 mg/L
Additional information
The results of a number of studies in different species are available and are summarised below. The lowest and thus most conservative LC50 value (Kuehn & Pattard, 1990, 96h-LC50: 1.1. mg/L based on biomass) was chosen as key value for chemical safety assessment.
Species | Endpoint | Time | Reference |
Microcystis aeruginosa | Toxicity threshold: 4.1 mg/L | 8d | Bringmann & Kuehn, 1978 |
Scenedesmus subspicatus | Toxicity threshold: 3.2 mg/L | 8d | Bringmann & Kuehn, 1978 |
Scenedesmus subspicatus | EC50 1.1-1.3 mg/L (biomass); 2.8-4.2 mg/L (growth) | 96h | Kuehn & Pattard, 1990 |
Selenastrum capricornutum | EC50 4.4 mg/L | 96h | Burgess & Wirth, 1990 |
Chlorella emersonii | EC50 5-10 mg/L | 48h | Dave et al, 1979 |
Phytoplankton species | EC100 50 mg/L LOEC 5 mg/L | 14d | Blanck et al, 1984 |
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