3-aminophenol

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Data is from peer reviewed journal

Justification for type of information:

Data is from peer reviewed journal

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other:

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Phytotoxicity was conducted according to OECD guidelines. The tests were conducted using 100 x 15 mm disposable petri dishes and Whatman No. 1 filter paper. Fifteen pretreated, undamaged, and plump seeds of almost identical size were placed evenly on the filter paper in each dish. Each dish was filled with 5 ml test solution or deionized water in the control. The dishes then were sealed with Parafilm laboratory film during the period of incubation to avoid the loss of chemicals due to volatility. Six concentrations in geometric series were set, ranging from no effect to 100% inhibition concentration, and four replicates were set for each concentration. Solutions were renewed every 12 h to achieve semistatic exposure. Deionized water without test compounds served as control. After 48 h of incubation in the dark at 25 1°C, the root elongation of each seed was measured to 1 mm.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

Toxicant test solutions were obtained from the stock solutions prepared by adding the accurately weighed chemicals to dilution water (deionized water) and stirring for a minimum of 20 h. Solution of title compound in water was applied.

Species:

Cucumis sativus

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

Common name: Cucumber
Plant family: Cucurbitaceae
Source of seed: Seeds purchased commercially
Prior seed treatment/sterilization: The seeds were sterilized with 0.1 % NaClO solution for 20 min. soaked for 10 min. and washed three times with deionized water before use.
Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): The seeds of Cucumis sativus (Sprout containing >= 95 %, purity >=95)

Test type:

seed germination/root elongation toxicity test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

filter paper

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

25+/- 1⁰C

pH:

6.2

Details on test conditions:

Phytotoxicity was conducted according to OECD guidelines. The tests were conducted using 100 x 15 mm disposable petri dishes and Whatman No. 1 filter paper. Fifteen pretreated, undamaged, and plump seeds of almost identical size were placed evenly on the filter paper in each dish. Each dish was filled with 5 ml test solution or deionized water in the control. The dishes then were sealed with Parafilm laboratory film during the period of incubation to avoid the loss of chemicals due to volatility. Six concentrations in geometric series were set, ranging from no effect to 100% inhibition concentration, and four replicates were set for each concentration. Solutions were renewed every 12 h to achieve semistatic exposure. Deionized water without test compounds served as control. After 48 hr of incubation in the dark at 25+/- 1⁰C, pH 6.21 the root elongation of each seed was measured to 1 mm.

Range finding study: Range-finding tests were performed to determine the range of the test solutions and the dilution factors and to get information about the solubility and behavior of the compounds in aqueous solution.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Six concentrations in geometric series were set, ranging from no effect to 100% inhibition concentration

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Species:

Cucumis sativus

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

other: RC50

Effect conc.:

1 000 other: mg/l

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: Root elongation inhibition

Remarks on result:

other: Reported as RC50

Details on results:

RC50: Root elongation half inhibition concentration

Reported statistics and error estimates:

RC50 (in mg/L), the concentration on which the average root length was half of the corresponding control for each chemical, was calculated by the log-linear regression analysis in Statistica and was transformed as the negative logarithmic form (mol/L) for each chemical as its toxic potency, expressed as log1/RC50

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

Root elongation half inhibition concentration (RC50) of test chemical in Cucumis sativus after 48 hours of exposure was reported to be 1000 mg/L

Executive summary:

The comparative inhibition effect of test chemical on the germination rate of cucumis sativus was determined. Phytotoxicity was conducted according to OECD guidelines. The tests were conducted using 100 x 15 mm disposable petri dishes and Whatman No. 1 filter paper. Fifteen pretreated, undamaged, and plump seeds of almost identical size were placed evenly on the filter paper in each dish. Each dish was filled with 5 ml test solution or deionized water in the control. The dishes then were sealed with Parafilm laboratory film during the period of incubation to avoid the loss of chemicals due to volatility. Six concentrations in geometric series were set, ranging from no effect to 100% inhibition concentration, and four replicates were set for each concentration. Solutions were renewed every 12 h to achieve semistatic exposure. Deionized water without test compounds served as control. After 48 h of incubation in the dark at 25  1°C, the root elongation of each seed was measured to 1 mm. After 48 h of incubation in the dark at 25 +/- 1 deg C, the root elongation of each seed was measured to 1 mm. Root elongation half inhibition concentration (RC50) was investigated after 48 hours of exposure. RC50 for test chemical was reported to be 1000 mg/L.

Description of key information

The comparative inhibition effect of test chemical on the germination rate of cucumis sativus was determined. Phytotoxicity was conducted according to OECD guidelines. The tests were conducted using 100 x 15 mm disposable petri dishes and Whatman No. 1 filter paper. Fifteen pretreated, undamaged, and plump seeds of almost identical size were placed evenly on the filter paper in each dish. Each dish was filled with 5 ml test solution or deionized water in the control. The dishes then were sealed with Parafilm laboratory film during the period of incubation to avoid the loss of chemicals due to volatility. Six concentrations in geometric series were set, ranging from no effect to 100% inhibition concentration, and four replicates were set for each concentration. Solutions were renewed every 12 h to achieve semistatic exposure. Deionized water without test compounds served as control. After 48 h of incubation in the dark at 25 ± 1°C, the root elongation of each seed was measured to 1 mm. After 48 h of incubation in the dark at 25 +/- 1 deg C, the root elongation of each seed was measured to 1 mm. Root elongation half inhibition concentration (RC50) was investigated after 48 hours of exposure. RC50 for 3-aminophenol was reported to be 1000 mg/L.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for terrestrial plants:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

Based on the various experimental data for the test chemical study have been reviewed to determine the mode of action of test chemical on the growth of terrestrial plants. The studies are as mentioned below:

 

In the first experimental key study from peer reviewed journal 2002, the comparative inhibition effect of test chemical on the germination rate of cucumis sativus was determined. Phytotoxicity was conducted according to OECD guidelines. The tests were conducted using 100 x 15 mm disposable petri dishes and Whatman No. 1 filter paper. Fifteen pretreated, undamaged, and plump seeds of almost identical size were placed evenly on the filter paper in each dish. Each dish was filled with 5 ml test solution or deionized water in the control. The dishes then were sealed with Parafilm laboratory film during the period of incubation to avoid the loss of chemicals due to volatility. Six concentrations in geometric series were set, ranging from no effect to 100% inhibition concentration, and four replicates were set for each concentration. Solutions were renewed every 12 h to achieve semistatic exposure. Deionized water without test compounds served as control. After 48 h of incubation in the dark at 25 ± 1°C, the root elongation of each seed was measured to 1 mm. After 48 h of incubation in the dark at 25 +/- 1 deg C, the root elongation of each seed was measured to 1 mm. Root elongation half inhibition concentration (RC50) was investigated after 48 hours of exposure. RC50 for test chemical was reported to be 1000 mg/L.

 

First study was supported by the second study from peer reviewed journal 2001. Seed germination rate inhibition studies were conducted in Cucumis sativus for 48 hours with different concentrations of test chemical. Comparative inhibition effect of selected nitrogen-containing aromatics on germination rate of Cucumis sativus was investigated in which 15 seeds were germinated in solution of test chemical for 48 h in dark at 25 deg C; pH 6.24; 6 concentrations ranging from no effect to 100 percent inhibition concentration were tested and the germination rate was calculated. The GC50 (concentration that inhibited germination rate by 50 percent) value of test chemical in Cucumis sativus was observed to be 1203.9 mg/l.

 

Based on the both studies chemical toxicity value ranges from 1000 mg/l to 1203.9 mg/l.