Acrylaldehyde

Additional ecotoxological information

Administrative data

Endpoint:

additional ecotoxicological information

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Basic data given, meets basic scientific principles

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT ASSESSMENT OF MAGNACIDE® H HERBICIDE AT Rio COLORADO IRRIGATION CHANNELS (ARGENTINA). TIER 4: IN SITU SURVEY ON BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES

Author:

Albarino R, Venturino A, Montagna CM, Pechen de d'Angelo AM

Year:

2007

Bibliographic source:

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 183-189

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

field study

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Magnacide H

IUPAC Name:

Magnacide H

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

Acrolein

IUPAC Name:

Acrolein

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Magnacide H (Baker Petrolite, TX, USA)
- Substance type: aquatic herbicide formulation, containing a minimum of 95% (by weight) acrolein (additional information from "Magnicide (R) H Herbicide, Application and safety Manual)

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

34 invertebrate taxa were found in Rio Colorado irrigation channels:

- Platheyelminthes (2 Turbellaria)

- Achelmithels (1 Nematoda)

- Mollusca (3 Gastropoda, 1 Pelecypoda)

- Annelida (1 Polychaeta, 1 Oligochaeta, 1 Hirudinea)

- Crustacea (2 Cladocera, 2 Copepoda, 3 Ostracoda, 1 Amphipoda, 1 Decapoda)

- Insecta (2 Odonata, 1 Ephemeroptera, 1 Hemiptera, 5 Diptera, 2 Trichoptera, 3 Coeleoptera)

Chelicerata (1 Acari)

Results

Community attributes of control and treated irrigation channels showed contrasting patterns between the first and the second year of sampling. Multivariate analysis showed a high interaction (Wilks's test, p 0.003), indicating that the conclusions with respect to the model factors' year, sampling, and treatment could not be globally assessed for all the dependent variables. Univariate analysis also indicated that the differences depended on the sampling period and the treatment condition (ANOVA: significant interactions with year of study, p 0.001 for richness and p 0.005 for density, not significant [NS] for diversity). Similar results were obtained in a simplified model joining sampling and year into one factor containing six levels (MANOVA Wilks's test, p 0.006 for multivariate model; ANOVA: significant interactions between sampling and treatment, p = 0.0003 for richness und p = 0.014 for density, NS for diversity).



Results within the first treatment campaign
ATP 1:
At the end of the irrigation period and about two months after the last herbicide applications (late summer-autumn), the benthic community in treated channels recovered their biotic attributes, reaching values similar to those of controls

TP 1:
significant reduction in treated channel values compared with controls for
- taxonomic richness (58%, p 0.01)
- abundance (57%, p 0.01)
- community diversity (67%, p 0.05)

Community attributes of control channels peaked with the highest values at TP 1 compared to the other campaigns (richness p 0.002, abundance p 0.009), while this event did not occur in treated channels.

BTP 1:
Immediately before initiating a new application campaign, treated channels did not show significant differences in the biotic attributes in reference to control channels in the first year

 

Results within the second treatment campaign
ATP 2:
At the end of the irrigation period and about two months after the last herbicide applications (late summer-autumn), the benthic community in treated channels recovered their biotic attributes, reaching values similar to those of controls, except for diversity which remained significantly lower (28% decrease vs control, p 0.05)

TP 2:
similar values as in control channels for
- taxonomic richness
- abundance

significant reduction in treated channel values compared with controls for

- community diversity (38%, p 0.05)

BTP 2:
Immediately before initiating a new application campaign, the BTP 2 sampling showed a significant lower abundance (63%) and diversity (24%) in treated channels (p 0.05), suggesting a latent effect of the herbicide on channels treated in the previous seasons. However, as community attributes reached homogeneous values between treated and control sites during TP 2, seasonal differences in community attributes may be in part associated with channel operations.


Additional results
At TP 1 the application of herbicide reduced the number of oligochaetes, chironomids, ostracods, and the snaiIs B. peregrine and H. parchappii in treated channels compared to controls, but nematodes remained unaffected. Similarly to total community attributes, the immediate effect of herbicide application on selected taxa was less apparent at the next application period TP 2 (second year of sampling), with no significant differences between controls and treatments for the most representative taxa.

Ostracodes and oligochaetes (sediment dwelling organisms) were very sensitive to the herbicide, and particularly ostracods showed no significant recovery after ATP 2.

The community attributes of benthic invertebrates from drainage collector sites expected to receive the herbicide through percolation (downstream) did not differ from their upstream control sites. This fact suggests that Magnacide H percolation across the sediments did not occur or it was negligible at a long range.

Conclusion:

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Executive summary:

Exposure of the herbicide Magnacide H (containing a minimum of 95% (by weight) acrolein) at rates of 10 to 15 mg/L for 1 to 4 h (first year) and 2 to 8 mg/L for 4 to 12 h (second year) during two austral spring and summer period (October - February) affected the benthic invertebrates inhabiting the irrigation channels in the valleys of the lower Colorado River (Argentina). At the end of the irrigation period and about two months after the last herbicide applications (late summer-autumn), the benthic invertebrate community in treated channels recovered their biotic attributes, reaching values similar to those of controls, except for diversity which remained significantly lower (28% decrease vs control) in the second year.
Immediately before initiating a new application campaign, treated channels did not show significant differences in the biotic attributes in reference to control channels.

Recolonization by aerial flight and oviposition by adults (insects), vertical migration from deeper Iayers of the bottom used as refuge (sediment dwellers), and downstream drift from upstream unaffected areas are possible mechanisms for recovery, as Acrolein is unlikely to accumulate in the habitats due to biodegradation.

The community attributes of benthic invertebrates from drainage collector sites expected to receive the herbicide through percolation (downstream) did not differ from their upstream control sites. This fact suggests that Magnacide H percolation across the sediments did not occur or it was negligible at a long range.